最新刊期
卷 22 ， 期 10 ， 2016
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate whether entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is feasible for study on promoting effects of some kinds of penetration enhancers and to provide a reliable evaluation method for penetration enhancers. Method: Diclofenac sodium was used as model drug, azone, volatile oil from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, eucalyptus oil, menthol and borneol were tested as transdermal enhancers, taking isolated skin of SD rats as transdermal barrier, transdermal experiments were carried by a modified Franz diffusion cell.The content of diclofenac sodium was measured by HPLC with mobile phase of methanol-water-acetic acid (80: 20: 0.5) and detection wavelength at 276 nm.Permeability coefficient, lag time, steady flow and enhancement ratio were calculated.Effects of penetration enhancers were evaluated by entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Result: Penetration enhancers had penetration enhancing effect on diclofenac sodium with different degrees.Azone, menthol and borneol had the best significant promoting effects whose maximum memberships were 0.761 1, 0.582 1 and 0.495 4;volatile oil from Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium and eucalyptus oil had certain promoting effects whose maximum memberships were 0.454 2 and 0.480 9. Conclusion: Entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is feasible for evaluating promoting effects of penetration enhancers.关键词：entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method;penetration enhancer;in vitro experiments;transdermal administration;diclofenac sodium;Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize preparation process of sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded self-dissolving microneedles and to investigate effect of microneedles on transdermal delivery of sinomenine hydrochloride. Method: The microneedles was prepared by casting method.Taking formability and mechanical property of micrneedles as indexes, prescription with optimal drug content was screened out, and its characterization was investigated.In vitro permeation of sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded self-dissolving microneedles and sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded hydrogel were examined by Franz diffusion cell.HPLC was employed to determine the content of sinomenine hydrochloride with mobile phase of methanol-0.1% phosphate solution (18: 82) and detection wavelength of 263 nm. Result: Optimal prescription was as follows:polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of 50%, chondroitin sulfate of 15%, sinomenine hydrochloride of 35%.The developed microneedles had regular shapes of needles with good mechanical strength, it can insert into aluminum foil and rat's skin.Accumulation permeation amount and rate of sinomenine hydrochloride in microneedles group increased 5.31 times and 5.06 times versus hydrogel group, respectively. Conclusion: These prepared microneedles have ideal formability and mechanical property.It provides more effective permeability of sinomenine hydrochloride by comparing with hydrogel group.关键词：drug-loaded microneedles;sinomenine hydrochloride;percutaneous penetration;gel;sinomenine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To simulate particle system of traditional Chinese medicine decoction and to investigate effect of chitosan particles (CS-Ps) with different size on in situ intestinal absorption properties of berberine. Method: Chitosan particles with different particle size were prepared by high-voltage electrostatic spray method, its particle size and Zeta potential were evaluated by laser granularity analyzer.Intestinal absorption rate constant (Ka) and average apparent permeability (P < sub>app) of berberine were assayed by in situ intestinal perfusion model. Result: Particlesizes of CS-P1, CS-P2, and CS-P3 were (163.9±2.3), (456.0±76.6), (903.4±131.1) nm, Zeta potentials of them were (25.2±7.0), (27.9±4.3), (28.4±5.7)mV, respectively.There was no significant difference of surfacepotential value between different groups.Compared with the blank group, particlesize of CS-P1 and CS-P2 could promote intestinal absorption of berberine significantly (P < 0.05);however, CS-P3 group had no significant effect. Conclusion: Chitosan particles can promote intestinal absorption of berberine, which associated with its particle size.关键词：chitosan;particles;high-voltage electrostatic spray method;berberine;in situ intestinal absorption
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe enhancement of transdermal diffusion rate of Kangmo paste by screening type of substrates and compound penetration enhancers. Method: HPLC was adopted to determine the content of paeoniflorin by taking methanol-0.1% glacial acetic acid (30: 70) as mobile phase and detection wavelength of 234 nm.Utilized skin on the back of SD rats, in vitro percutaneous absorption test was used by Frans diffusion cell method, with cumulative osmotic quantity in 12 h and penetration rate as indexes, which was used to evaluate release and transdermal performance of drug in different types of substrates, in order to select substrate type.Effects of composite permeability dose of azone and propylene glycol on in vitro percutaneous penetration of paeoniflorin in Kangmo paste were investigated by central composite design-response surface methodology. Result: Matrix of O/W emulsion was chosen;when accumulative release rate of paeoniflorin was 72.20% in 12 h, combination of penetration enhancer was 2.4% azone and 1.6% propylene glycol. Conclusion: This optimized substrate and penetration enhancer can significantly improve transdermal rate constant of Kangmo paste.关键词：Kangmo paste;transdermal administration;substrate;penetration enhancers;paeoniflorin;propylene glycol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize composition of compound Gehuang microporous osmotic pump tablets for providing a research model of microporous osmotic pump tablets of Chinese medicine effective components. Method: The content of total alkaloids in Coptidis Rhizoma was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 346 nm.Taking accumulative release rate of total alkaloids in Coptidis Rhizoma as index, based on single factor tests, central composite design-response surface methodology was adopted to optimize prescription with polyoxyethylene content and polyethylene glycol 400 content and coating weight as factors. Result: The best prescription were:Coptidis Rhizoma extract of 75 mg, Puerariae Lobatae Radix extract of 75 mg, NaCl of 72 mg, polyoxyethylene of 78 mg, microcrystalline cellulose of 15 mg, sodium dodecyl sulfate of 9 mg.In coating solution, concentrations of cellulose acetate, polyethylene glycol and dibutyl phthalate were 30, 82, 9 g·L-1, coating weight was 8.2%.Accumulative release rate in 12 h of total alkaloids was 81.9%. Conclusion: Release profile of compound Gehuang microporous osmotic pump tablets meets requirements, its zero order equation fitting degree reaches 0.990 9.This optimized preparation processes is stable and reasonable.关键词：osmotic pump tablets;similarity factor;in vitro release;total alkaloids;polyoxyethylene
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: In order to develop its resources from Amaranthus spinosus, an efficacious and widely used folk medicine, standards for its histomorphological characters were set in this study. Method: Its species were identified by observing plant morphology, herb appearance characters and microscopic identification through different routine slice-making methods. Result: According to results of plant morphological observation, there were 2 pieces of thorns in the leaf axil and some of bracts became very sharply spiny.The whole herb could be used in medicine, mainly including the root, stem and leaves.According to findings in the study on microscopic identification, abnormal vascular bundles structure were observed in transverse section of the root and stem;cluster crystals of calcium oxalate and sandy crystals were scattered in parenchymatous cells;vessels, glandular and non-glandular hairs were observed in the powder identification. Conclusion: Herbs of A. spinosus can be identified by these above histomorphological characters, which lay foundation for further development and application of A. spinosus.关键词：folk medicine;Amaranthus spinosus;histomorphology;herbs;abnormal vascular bundles structure
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the best origin processing method of Lonicera Japonica Flos from different harvest time. Method: The samples of different harvest time and different processing methods were determined and compared with comprehensive scores and fingerprints of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside contents as the indicators. Result: The samples harvested from the third green period and the first white period had highest comprehensive score by gradient drying method. The samples harvested from second white period obtained the highest comprehensive score by direct drying method. The similarity of samples obtained by gradient drying method from the third green period and the first white period as well as the samples obtained by direct drying method from second white period was greater than 0.9 in fingerprints, with no significant differences in similarity and main characteristic peak area. Conclusion: The best origin processing method for the samples harvested from the third green period and the first white period was gradient drying method, and the best origin processing for the samples from second white period was direct drying method. There was no significant difference in quality of Lonicera Japonica Flos harvested from the above periods by the best processing methods.关键词：Lonicera Japonica Flos;chlorogenic acid;luteoloside;harvest time;origin processing method;fingerprint
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical compositions of the fat-soluble alkaloids fraction of Aconitum tanguticum. Method: The fat-soluble alkaloids fraction was isolated and purified by using various modern chromatographic techniques, and the structures of the compounds were determined through physiochemical properties, spectral analysis (1D, 2D-NMR and MS) and X-ray single crystal diffraction method. Result: Ten compounds were obtained from the fat-soluble alkaloids fraction of A. tanguticum, and their structures were identified as tanaconitine (1), heteratisine (2), 11α, 13α-dihydroxyhetisinone (3), guan-fu base H (4), β-sitosterol(5), benzamide (6), phthalic acid, butyl isobutyl ester (7), dihydroatisine (8), hetisine (9) and p-hydroxy phenylethanol (10). Conclusion: Compounds 1 -4 , 8 and 9 were diterpenoid alkaloids;compounds 3 , 6 -8 were isolated from the species for the first time. Moreover, the X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis of compounds 3 and 4 was done for the first time.关键词：Aconitum tanguticum;chemical constituents;fat-soluble alkaloids
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: In order to efficiently control quality of Ponka, its quality standard was established in this study. Method: Determination of moisture, total ash and ethanol-soluble extract in the crude drug were carried out based on methods recorded in appendix of the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The content of total alkaloids was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, using atisine hydrochloride as the reference substance.The content of total flavonol glycoside was assayed by HPLC on a Welch C18 column, quercetin and kaempferol were used as the reference substances. Result: Contents of moisture, total ash, ethanol-soluble extract, total alkaloids and total flavonol glycoside in 17 batches samples were varied in ranges of 7.23%-10.20%, 5.94%-18.60%, 11.30%-29.40%, 0.39%-1.99% and 0.42%-3.09%. Conclusion: These established methods are simple, feasible and reproducible, they can be used for quality control of Ponka.关键词：Tibetan medicine;Ponka;quality standard;atisine hydrochloride;quercetin;kaempferol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Ponka, the whole plant of Aconitum tanguticum and A. naviculare, has been widely used as a traditional Tibetan medicine for many years, it is cold in nature, bitler in taste, slightly toxic, and it has heat-clearing and detoxification effects. In clinic it is usually used for the treatment of influenza and fever in infectious diseases. In recent years, the research on chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of Ponka has made tremendous progress. The 54 alkaloids (mainly of diterpenoid alkaloids), 15 flavonoids, 37 phenolic acids, 16 other compounds and volatile oils have been isolated and identified from Ponka. Ponka exhibited anti-inflammatory, analgesia, antibacterial, anti-tumor and anti-virus effects in modern pharmacological experiment studies. In this article, reviews on the constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control and clinical application of Ponka have been done, as would provide reference for the in depth development and utilization of Ponka.关键词：Ponka;chemical constituents;pharmacological activities;quality control
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish SPME-GC method for rapid determination of organochlorine pesticide residues (OCPs) in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by comparing solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with other three pretreatment methods. Method: OCPs in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were analyzed according to the methods in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition, Japanese Pharmacopoeia 16th revision, Manual for China National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring in 2014 and solid phase microextraction technology (SPME), and the recovery rates were calculated respectively. Result: Recovery rates of the four different pretreatment methods were determined between 65% to 120%. Among the methods, there was fewer impurity interference in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition method, Japanese Pharmacopoeia 16th revision method and SPME. Conclusion: The effect of 4 methods on OCPs in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was analyzed, and it was determined that SPME-GC was rapid, simple and sensitive.关键词：solid phase microextraction technology;pretreatment;Lonicerae Japonicae Flos;organochlorine pesticide residues
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To perform chromatograph preparation and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the representative tannins from Tara pods.Method: The components of Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa) pods were isolated and purified, and their structures were identified by modern chromatography method. Their antioxidant activities of these fractions and compounds were investigated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method.Result: Six representative tannin compounds were isolated from the aqueous extract of the Tara pods and the structures were identified as gallic acid(1), methyl gallate(2), ethyl gallate(3), methyl 3, 5-di-O-galloylquinic acid(4), methyl 3, 4, 5-tri-O-galloylquinic acid(5), and methyl 3, 4, 5-tri-O-galloylquinate(6). High performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) results showed that the 6 compounds were the main tannin components in Tara. Antioxidant activity results showed that, aqueous extract (Fr. 1), methanol extract (Fr. 2) and 6 tannin compounds had certain antioxidant activities, and their DPPH free radical scavenging capability was in the following order:1 > 5 > aqueous extract > 3 > Vitamin C > 6 > methanolic extract > 4 > 2 .Conclusion: The extracts of Tara pods had good antioxidant activity, and the tannin compounds should be the main active antioxidant components.关键词：Caesalpinia spinosa;tannins;antioxidant activities;2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a rapid and accurate method for the determination of 38 glucocorticoids which were illegally added into the Chinese patent medicines and dietary supplements. Method: The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrum (UPLC-MS-MS) method was adopted on a Waters Acquity BEH-C18 (2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.7 μm) column with 0.1% acetic acid acetonitrile solution (A)-0.1% acetic acid water solution (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1, and the column temperature was 25℃. Electrospray ionization (ESI), positive ion scanning and a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode were used to quantitatively determine 38 glucocorticoids. The added chemical components were determined by comparing the molecular ion peaks, secondary fragment ion peaks, and retention time under MRM channels between sample peaks and reference peaks. The exact amount of added medicine was calculated according to the peak area of mass spectrometry with external standard method. Result: Under the above chromatography and mass spectrometry conditions, 38 glucocorticoids were well separated. The limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) of this method were in the range of 0.3-1.6 μg·L-1 and 1.0-5.4 μg·L-1respectively. The recovery rates were in the range of 80.9%-119.4%. Conclusion: This method is simple, accurate, and highly sensitive, which can be used for the determination of illegally added glucocorticoids in Chinese patent medicines and dietary supplements.关键词：UPLC-MS-MS;anti rheumatic;relieving cough and asthma;Chinese patent medicines;dietary supplements;illegal additives;glucocorticoids
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To provide scientific basis for the utilization and development of radix of Rubus reflexus var. lanceolobus by setting up the quality standards of radix of R. reflexus var. lanceolobus. Method: The properties and microscopic characteristics of radix of R. reflexus var. lanceolobus were observed. Extract, moisture and ash of the herbs from 10 different origins were determined according to the methods in Chinese Pharmacopoeia;qualitative research was done with TLC and their contents were determined by HPLC method. Result: The properties and microscopic characteristics of radix of R. reflexus var. lanceolobus were described;total ash was not more than 7%, acid-insoluble ash was not more than 4%, and moisture was not more than 11%for radix of R. reflexus var. lanceolobus. The spots of euscaphic acid were clear with no trailing in TLC;RSD was<2% in the stability and repeatability tests of euscaphic acid in content determination, and the content of euscaphic acid from 10 origins was 0.093 1%-0.244 3%, so it was temporarily determined that the euscaphic acid was not less than 0.08% in per gram of radix of R. reflexus var. lanceolobus. Conclusion: The established method can be used for the quality control of radix of R. reflexus var. lanceolobus.关键词：radix of Rubus reflexus var. lanceolobus;quality standards;TLC;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish and compare the fingerprint of Moutan Cortex and wined Moutan Cortex by HPLC. Method: HPLC method was adopted on Luna C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1, and the column temperature was maintained at 25℃. The detection wavelength was 230 nm, and the injection volume was 10 μL. Result: There were 12 common peaks in HPLC fingerprint of Moutan Cortex and wined Moutan Cortex. The similarity between various samples and the automatically generated reference fingerprints reached above 0.90. There were little differences in fingerprint of Moutan Cortex before and after processing, but the peak areas of No. 3 peak and No. 6 peak were increased significantly in wined Moutan Cortex. Conclusion: The established method is accurate and reliable, and can provide experimental basis for further study on wined Moutan Cortex.关键词：Moutan Cortex;processing;alcoholic prepared;fingerprint;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of Crassocephalum crepidioides coupled with chemometrics means for the quality control of multi-batches of medicinal material. Method: The separation was developed on C18 column (Phenomenex, 4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) by gradient elution with acetonitrile-water (both containing 0.1% phosphoric acid) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1, the detection wavelength at 328 nm and column temperature at 30℃. The HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of C. crepidioides was set up. The quality of 13 batches of medicinal material was evaluated by similarity assay as well as cluster analysis. Result: The establish HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of C. crepidioides was specfic, precise, reproduccible and stable. The similarities of 13 batches of C. crepidioides were more than 0.97. Further cluster analysis was carried out for the quality consistency of 13 batches of C. crepidioides and accordingly they were devided into 4 clusters. Conclusion: With the cluster analysis, the HPLC fingerprint chromatogram C. crepidioides provides a method for qulity control of C. crepidioides.关键词：Crassocephalum crepidioides;HPLC;fingerprint;cluster analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: A high performance liquid chromatographic method with gradient elution and three wavelength detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of amygdalin, liquiritin and naringin in Juhong Huatan Wan. Method: The separation was performed on a Diamonsil-C18 column with methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase of gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The detection wavelengths were set at 210, 276, 283 nm. Result: The linear range of amygdalin was 25.0-175.0 mg·L-1(r=0.999 1). The average recovery for amygdalin was 101.5%, precision of the method was 1.9%(RSD). The linear range of liquiritin was 2.0-50.0 mg·L-1(r=0.999 5). The average recovery for liquiritin was 100.8%, precision of the method was 1.5%(RSD). The linear range of naringin was 6.3-126.0 mg·L-1(r=0.999 2). The average recovery for naringin was 101.7%, precision of the method was 1.6%(RSD). Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible. It is a good method for the quality control of the preparation.关键词：Juhong Huatan Wan;amygdalin;liquiritin;naringin;HPLC;three wavelength detection;gradient elution
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 3-keto- dehydrosulfurenic (3-keto-DSA) from Fomes officinalis in rats. Method: After oral administration of 12.5 mg·kg-1 and intravenous administration of 5 mg·kg-1to rats, blood concentration at different time point of 3-keto-DSA were determined by HPLC, parameters and bioavailability were calculated by 3P97 software.Tissue distribution of 3-keto-DSA in rats was studied after oral administration with dose of 25 mg·kg-1. Result: Two compartment model was fitted to 3-keto-DSA, its main pharmacokinetic parameters of 3-keto-DSA were as follows:t1/2ka of 0.381 h, t1/2α of 0.415 h, t1/2β of 3.852 h, tmax of 0.690 h, Cmax of 0.059 mg·L-1, F of 32.84%.The 3-keto-DSA was rapidly, extensively distributed to various rat tissues after oral administration of 25 mg·kg-1, time to reach maximum tissues concentration was about 30 min and it almost eliminated after 3 h.The concentration of 3-keto-DSA in each tissues was in the order of liver > spleen > heart > kidney. Conclusion: After oral administration, 3-keto-DSA can be absorbed rapidly and distributed widely in blood and tissues, but its bioavailability is low.关键词：3-keto-dehydrosulfurenic;pharmacokinetics;bioavailability;tissue distribution;Fomes officinalis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect and preliminary mechanism of formononetin on allergic inflammation. Method: Th2 Type allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) models were induced by fluoresciniso thiocyate (FITC). 35 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, formononetin 0.5, 5, 10 mg·kg-1 groups(n=7). The mice were sensitized with 1.5%FITC solution on day 1 and day 2 on the shaved abdomen skin, once a day. On day 6, the mice were challenged on their right ears with 0.6%FITC solution. Formononetin was given to the mice from 2 days before sensitization to day 3 after sensitization, once a day for a total of 5 times (prophylactical administration in initial sensitization period);on day 6 of modeling, the mice were challenged on their right ears, and after 24 hours, ear swelling was observed and pathological changes of the ears were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and IL-9 in homogenate of ear tissues were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Result: As compared with the normal group, the ear swelling was significantly increased in mice of model group, with massive infiltration of lymphocytes (P < 0.01);dermis tissues of the ears had obvious edema;IL-4, IL-5 and IL-9 levels in the ear tissues were significantly increased (P < 0.01). As compared with the model group, prophylactical treatment with formononetin in initial sensitization period could significantly relieve the ear swelling and reduce lymphocytes infiltration (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), reduce the histopathological changes of ears, and inhibited type 2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-9 levels in the ear tissues to different degrees(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Formononetin evidently inhibited allergic inflammation at the initial stage of sensitization, and its mechanism might be associated with inhibiting the secretion of type 2 cytokines.关键词：formononetin;allergic inflammation;allergic contact dermatitis;ear swelling
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the potential mechanism of betulin in treatment of chloasma. Method: The A375 cell lines in logarithmic phase were cultured for 24 hours, and then the liquid was discarded. The cultured cells were divided and added with different concentrations of 200 μL drug liquid, and then divided into blank group, estradiol group (1×10-3 μmol·L-1 estradiol), betulin group (at set concentration), with 6 wells in each group. A375 cells were treated with betulin and then methyl thiazdyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to detect cells activity;NaOH schizolysis method and L-dopa oxidation method were respectively used to detect amount of melanin and the activity of tyrosinase (TYR). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was applied to measure the expression levels of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), as well as the mRNA expression levels of the key protein kinases ERK1, ERK2 and JNK2 in MAPK signal pathways. Result: As compared with the blank group, betulin of 1, 1×10-1, 1×10-2, 1×10-3 μmol·L-1 can significantly inhibit melanin formation of A375 cells and activity of tyrosinase (TYR);betulin of 1 μmol·L-1 can significantly down-regulate mRNA expression levels of TYR, TRP-1, TRP-2 as well as ERK1, ERK2 and JNK2 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Betulin can inhibit the melanogenesis of A375 cells probably by inhibiting TYR activity and/or down-regulating TYR, TRP-1 and TRP-2 mRNA expression levels, and this effect may be associated with inhibition of the expression of ERK1, ERK2 and JNK2 levels.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effects of modified Linggui Zhugan Tang on expression of adiponectin in perirenal fat of rats with metabolic syndrome. Method: Male weaning Wistar rats aged 3 weeks, were divided into six groups in randomized manner:normal group treated with distilled water diet;high fat and high salt model group, atorvastatin lipid-lowering group (8 mg·kg-1), modified Linggui Zhugan Tang high dose, middle dose and small dose groups (18, 12, 6 g·kg-1), n=10 in each group. All other groups except normal group received high fat and high salt diet and received drugs by intragastric administration from the same time of modeling, once a day for 12 weeks. The rats in normal group and model group received the same volume of normal saline. Obesity index and Lee's index were calculated according to body weight and perirenal fat mass. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum were detected by biochemical method;the morphology changes of the perirenal fat tissues were observed by using HE method. The mRNA expression levels of peroxidase proliferation agent activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and adiponectin were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR). Result: As compared with the normal group, the body weight, perirenal fat mass, obesity index and Lee's index in model group were significantly increased;the volume of fat cells was increased significantly while the number was significantly reduced;MDA level in serum was significantly increased;SOD activity was significantly reduced;the mRNA expression levels of PPARγ and adiponectin in fat tissues were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). As compared with the metabolic syndrome model group, the body weight, perirenal fat mass, obesity index and Lee's index in modified Linggui Zhugan Tang all dose groups were significantly decreased;the volume of fat cells was reduced significantly while the number was significantly increased;MDA level in serum was significantly reduced;SOD activity was significantly increased;the mRNA expression levels of PPARγ and adiponectin in fat tissues were significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The modified Linggui Zhugan Tang can significantly regulate lipid oxidation and improve the visceral obesity in metabolic syndrome model rats. The mechanism may be related to increasing PPARγ expression and further increasing the expression of adiponectin.关键词：metabolic syndrome;modified Linggui Zhugan Tang;adipose tissue;anti-oxidation;peroxidase proliferation agent activated receptor γ;adiponectin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Silibinin on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachlitied (CCl4) and D-galactosamine (D-Gal). Method: Totally 84 healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group, acute liver injury model group, silibinin low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, and positive drug group. All the other groups except normal group received intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachlitied (0.2%) and galactosamine (800 mg·kg-1). 1 hour and 6 hours after modeling, silibinimin of different doses (120, 240, 480 mg·kg-1) was applied by the tail vein injection. Positive drug Tiopronin (40 mg·kg-1) was given for the acute liver injury induced by CCl4, and diammonium glycyrrhizinate (30 mg·kg-1) was given for the liver injury induced by D-Gal. 24 hours after modeling, the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) in serum, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonal dehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in liver homogenate were detected. Pathological changes of liver slices were investigated by htoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Result: As compared with the normal group, the levels of AST, ALT and MDA were significantly increased in CCl4 and D-Gal models (P < 0.01);SOD and GSH levels were decreased significantly (P < 0.01). As compared with CCl4 and D-Gal model groups, the levels of AST, ALT and MDA were significantly reduced in the silibinin treatment groups, while the levels of SOD and GSH were increased (P < 0.01). Pathological results showed that the hepatic cells of the model group had obvious necrosis and lesions;the structure of hepatic lobule was still completed and no obvious lesion were found in hepatic cells after silibinin treatment. Conclusion: Silibinin could well protect the acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachlitied and galactosamine.关键词：silibinin;carbon tetrachlitied;galactosamine;acute liver injury;protective effect
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the preventive and therapeutic effect of Banqiao Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide on 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats and investigate its action mechanism. Method: Sixty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into six groups with ten in each group:normal group, model group, Banqiao Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide low-dose group (0.25 g·kg-1), middle-dose group (0.50 g·kg-1), high-dose group (1.00 g·kg-1) and Guchang Zhixie pills group (1.08 g·kg-1). After 5 days of intragastric administration in various groups, TNBS 60 mg·kg-1was applied in intragastric administration for modeling, once a day for 3 weeks continuously. Disease activity index (DAI) was evaluated on 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 21st day after modeling. 30 min after the last administration, the rats were decapitated after anesthesia with ethy1 ether and the colon tissues of the rats were collected consequently. After colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) evaluation, half of the colon tissues was used for histopathological examination and grading and the rest half of was used to detect mRNA expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) by real-time quantitative PCR. Result: As compared with the normal group, the colon tissues had hyperemia, edema in rats of model group, with obvious ulcer symptoms;histopathological results indicated that inflammatory cell infiltration was severe;CMDI evaluation and pathological tissue scores were significantly increased;mRNA expression levels of TLR4, IL-6, NF-κB and TNF-α were significantly increased, while mRNA expression of mRNA expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). As compared with the model group, hyperemia, edema and ulcer symptoms were improved in rats of Banqiao Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide group;histopathological results indicated that inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly improved;CMDI evaluation and pathological tissue scores were significantly decreased;the mRNA expression levels of TLR4, IL-6, NF-κB and TNF-α were down-regulated, while IL-10 mRNA expression level was up-regulated (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Banqiao Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide showed a positive preventive therapeutic effect on TNBS-induced UC rats, and the mechanism may be associated with regulating levels of TLR4, IL-6, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-10.关键词：Banqiao Codonopsis Radix polysaccharide;ulcerative colitis;2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid;Toll-like receptor 4;interleukin-6;nuclear factor-κB;tumor necrosis factor-α;interleukin-10
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of different doses of Cuscutae Semen flavone on glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii (GTW)-induced reproductive damage in male juvenile rats. Method: The 80 3-4 week-old SD male rats were randomly divided into 2 batches for feeding, n=40 in each batch. The rats in each batch were further randomly divided into 5 groups, n=8 in each group:blank group(ig CMC-Na), GTW (ig 9 mg·kg-1·d-1) group, Cuscutae Semen flavone groups (high dose group:0.2 g·kg-1·d-1+GTW 9 mg·kg-1·d-1, middle dose group:0.1 g·kg-1·d-1+GTW 9 mg·kg-1·d-1, low dose group:0.05 g·kg-1·d-1+GTW 9 mg·kg-1·d-1). In the flavone groups, GTW was mixed with flavone into rats by intragastric administration for continuous 4 weeks and 12 weeks. After treatment, rats were killed under anesthesia and testicular tissues were taken. The body weight of the rats was observed and organ indexes of testicular tissue specimens were detected. The pathological changes of testicular tissues were observed by HE staining method, and the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Result: GTW can significantly reduce body weight and testicular weight after 4 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment. Compared with the blank group, the body weight and testicular weight of rats in GTW group were significantly lower (P < 0.01), compared with GTW group, the body weight and testicular weight of rats in flavone groups were significantly increased (P < 0.01), the body weight and testicular weight of rats in flavone middle dose group were significantly higher than those in high dose group and low dose group (P < 0.05).After treatment for 4 weeks, space of convoluted tubule in testis of rats in GTW group was broadened, convoluted tubule was distorted with edema, in severe cases, convoluted tubule was broken with scattered mesenchymal cells and significantly reduced spermatogonia and spermatocyte, the testicular damage was heavier at week 12. The above pathological damage was lighter in flavone middle dose group. After 4 weeks administration, AR mRNA and protein expression levels in testicular tissues of rats in GTW group were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05), and after 12 weeks administration, AR mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased more significantly (P < 0.01). Flavone group (middle dose) can significantly increase the AR mRNA and protein expression levels in testicular tissues (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: GTW can significantly reduce the body weight and testicular weight of rats, down-regulate AR mRNA and protein expression levels, GTW had significant damaging effect to the testicular tissues of male rats in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, Cuscutae Semen flavone middle dose group had a more significant protective effect for such damages.关键词：Cuscutae Semen flavone;tripterygium glycosides;reproductive injury;androgen receptor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the nephrotoxicity effect and mechanism of gardenoside in rats.Method: Rats were randomly divided into blank group, gardenoside 50 mg·kg-1, gardenoside 100 mg·kg-1, and gardenoside 300 mg·kg-1 groups, n=8 in each group. The rats in gardenoside groups were given with gardenoside for 3 days, once a day. Then their urine samples were collected to analyze kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatin-associated lipocalin(NGAL) levels in urine, their blood samples were taken to detect blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) levels, their renal tissues were taken for renal pathology analysis.Result: Rats in gardenoside 300 mg·kg-1 group showed renal toxicity. The renal tubules were slightly swelling with vacuolar degeneration. Gardenoside 50 and 100 mg·kg-1groups showed no obvious pathological changes. There was no significant change in blood BUN and CRE levels in all gardenoside dose groups, but urine KIM-1 level was significantly increased in 5/6 rats and urine NGAL level was significantly increased in 3/6 rats of gardenoside 300 mg·kg-1 group.Conclusion: Higher dose gardenoside (300 mg·kg-1) could cause renal pathological injury in rats after 3 days of oral administration. Under this dose, the addition of urine KIM-1 testing based on routine renal function indexes would probably provide better prediction of nephrotoxicity.关键词：gardenoside;nephrotoxicity;kidney injury molecule-1;neutrophil gelatin-associated lipocalin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of 1, 2:5, 6-dianhydrogalactitol (DAG) in vitro proliferation and apoptosis of human lung cancer cell lines. Method: Cell counting Kit-8(CCK-8) method was used to measure the inhibition rate of DAG in vitro proliferation of 11 kinds of human lung cancer cells:Calu-1, NCI-H1650, NCI-H358, NCI-H1299, HCC827, PC-9, A549, NCI-H661, NCI-H292, 95-D and NCI-H446, then cells with higher inhibition rates and good growth conditions were selected for subsequent research. Trypan blue exclusion method was used to detect the cell survival rate after treatment by DAG. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the changes in submicroscopic structure after apoptosis. Real-time PCR was used to detect the effect of DAG on Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA expression levels within the cells. Result: DAG significantly inhibited the 11 kinds of human lung carcinoma cell lines with a good concentration-effect relationship. As compared with the blank group, the inhibition rate on cells proliferation was increased with the increase of dose (P < 0.01). Trypan blue exclusion results showed that, with the increase of drug concentrations, the count of cells in blue (dead cells or cells with damaged membrane) was increased. Transmission electron microscope results indicated that, after 48 h treatment, apoptotic cells were rounded overall, microvilli fell off, with karyopyknosis and margination, heterochromatin with high electron density in the nucleus was condensed into lumps and aggregated on nuclear membranes, with mitochondrial swelling and vacuolar degeneration within cells. Real-time PCR results indicated that the expression of pro-apoptosis gene Bax was up-regulated, expression of anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 was down-regulated, and Caspase-3 was activated. Conclusion: DAG can inhibit the human lung carcinoma cells growth and induce their apoptosis, and the potential mechanism may be associated with up-regulating the expression of Bax, down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and activating Caspase-3.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the effects of the total flavones from Mappianthus iodoies on myocardial ischemic-reperfused injury in rats and lay the foundation for clinical medicinal research of M. iodoies in the cardiovascular field. Method: Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups:sham-operation group, model group, positive drug group (compound Danshen dripping pills), M. iodoies total flavones low dose group (60 mg·kg-1), middle dose group (120 mg·kg-1) and high dose group (240 mg·kg-1). Six groups of rats received corresponding drugs for 10 days by intragastric administration. The ischemia-reperfusion model was induced by 30 min of coronary occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion in rats. Blood and heart were taken from the successfully modeled rats. Pathological changes of the cardiac tissues of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining;centrifugal treatment of the blood from femoral artery was done to obtain the supernatant. The levels of creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The levels of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax) protein expressions were detected by Western blot. Result: As compared with the sham-operation group, the levels of CK and LDH in serum of rats in model group were significantly increased;Bcl-2 protein expression was reduced while Bax protein expression was increased (P < 0.05), with obvious pathological morphology damages in myocardial tissues. As compared with the model group, the levels of CK and LDH were significantly reduced in serum of rats in M. iodoies total flavones all dose groups;Bax protein expression was significantly reduced while Bcl-2 protein expression was increased (P < 0.05), with significant improvement in pathological morphology damages in myocardial tissues. Conclusion: The total flavones of M. iodoies have certain protective effect in rats with myocardial ischemic reperfused injury, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of cell apoptosis.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the efficacy of Tibetan medicine modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San for rats with adjuvant arthritis and its effect on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels in serum of the rats. Method: The 10 rats were randomly selected from 60 SD healthy rats as normal group, and the other rats were used to induce the adjuvant arthritis (AA) models by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). The animal models were randomized into model group, dexamethasone group (0.150 mg·kg-1, ig), modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San high dose group (104.00 g·L-1), middle dose group (52.00 g·L-1) and low dose group (26.00 g·L-1). Yaoyu groups received medicated bath of 40℃ for 30 min every day, while the model group and normal group received lukewarm bath of 40℃ for 30 min every day for 4 weeks. The efficacy of modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San for AA rats was evaluated according to toes' swelling degree and the pathological changes of ankle synovium. The indexes of thymus and spleen in rats were measured, and ELISA Assay was used to detect NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1 and EGF levels in serum. Result: As compared with the normal group, the AA rats in model group had higher swelling degree in inflammatory side, with thickening of synovial cells, macrophage proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration, and NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1 and EGF levels in serum were significantly increased while the spleen indexes and thymus indexes were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). As compared with the model group, inflammatory side swelling, the thickening of synovial cells, macrophage proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration could be improved in dexamethasone group and modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San high dose group, with significantly reduced levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1 and EGF in serum (P < 0.05, P < 0.01);NF-κB level was also significantly reduced in serum of modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San middle dose group (P < 0.05). There was no obvious change in EGF levels in serum of rats in various modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San groups;the spleen indexes owere significantly increased in various dose groups (P < 0.05), while the thymus indexes were significantly increased in high dose group and middle dose group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Tibetan medicine modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San can effectively reduce the swelling at inflammatory side, and improve the pathomorphology of the synovial membrane of adjuvant arthritis rats. The high dosage group achieved most obvious effect, and the mechanism may be related to reducing the levels of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1 in serum and regulating thymus and spleen functions.关键词：modified Wuwei Ganlu Yaoyu San;adjuvant arthritis;nuclear factor-κB;tumor necrosis factor-α;interleukin-1;Epidermal Growth Factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the anti-osteoporosis mechanisms of Xinjiang Cistanches Herba extract in M-KOOPG mice. Method: Totally 40 female M-KOOPG mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely the Cistanche extract high dose group and low dose group (10, 5 g·kg-1·d-1), Fosamax group (10 mg·kg-1·week-1), and model group, n=10 in each group. 5 M-KOOPG mice were killed in each group respectively after continuous intragastric administration for 30 d and 60 d. Then the changes in morphology and number of bone trabecular in M-KOOPG mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining;immunohistochemistry assay was used to observe the positioning and positive expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in bone tissues of M-KOOPG mice. Result: After continuous intragastric administration for 30 d and 60 d, bone trabecular morphology and number were increased in mice of Cistanche extract high dose group, low dose group, Fosamax group, and the immunohistochemical indicators(IL-1β, TNF-α) showed that the cytoplasm expression levels of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells on the bone trabecular surface were decreased in different degree. There was significant difference in cells count with IL-1β, and TNF-α positive expression as compared with the model (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Xinjiang Cistanches Herba extract achieves anti-osteoporosis effect in M-KOOPG mice by reducing the positive expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α.关键词：Xinjiang Cistanches Herba extract;M-KOOPG mice;interleukin-1β;tumor necrosis factor-α
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of the Mongolian Zhurihen drop pills on ischemia/reperfusion injury and coagulation function. Method: The Na2S2O4-based hypoxia/reoxygenation injury models were established by H9c2 cells in vitro. The effects of Zhurihen drop pills on H9c2 cells viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity were observed. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal group;model group;positive drug group (Danshen drop pill group 72.9 mg·kg-1); Zhurihen drop pills low, middle, high dose groups (248, 744, 1 240 mg·kg-1). The hearts of rats were isolated and perfused with Langendorff apparatus. Except the rats of normal group, all the other rats were reperfused for 30 min after 30 min of global ischemia, resulting in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) models. Balloon catheter was inserted into the left atrium, then myocardial hemodynamic parameters were monitored and recorded, and the biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) in perfusate were measured as well. 40 healthy rabbits were divided into normal group, positive control group (Danshen pill group 37.8 mg·kg-1);Zhurihen drop pills low, middle, high dose groups (129, 387, 645 mg·kg-1) (n=8 in each group). After administration for 10 consecutive days, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FIB) were measured with four channel coagulation analyzer. Result: Compared with the model group, H9c2 cells viability was significantly increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), SOD activity improved, and MDA content was decreased (P < 0.05) by the Zhurihen drop pills medicated serum. After I/R for 30 min, compared with the normal group, the rats in model group showed significant decline in left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and positive and negative maximal values of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dtmax)(P < 0.01, P < 0.05), significant increase in left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVDP)(P < 0.01), significant increase in levels of LDH and CK in perfusate(P < 0.01). Zhurihen drop pills low, middle, and high dose groups could significantly increase LVSP and ±dp/dtmax levels, significantly reduce LVDP level, LDH and CK content in perfusate (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Zhurihen drop pills can protect cardiomyocyte against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, improve heart function impairment, protect cardiac tissues, and prolong the coagulation time with anticoagulant effects.关键词：Zhurihen drop pills;myocardial ischemic reperfusion;hemodynamics;cardiac enzymes;blood coagulation factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Ansheng Dingzhiling recipes in children with Tourette syndrome (TS). Method: The 120 cases of children with TS were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. Patients in experimental group took Ansheng Dingzhiling recipes according to the clinical syndrome, while patients in control group orally took haloperidol tablets, from the beginning of 0.05 mg·kg-1·d-1, 2 times a day. The treatment course was 2 months for both groups, and patients were observed once every two weeks for a total of 2 months. Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome grading and classification scale were used to record the changes of TS symptom scores before and after treatment, compare the efficacy and adverse reactions between two groups, and find the rules of TCM syndrome changes in experimental group by statistical method. Result: YGTSS results were as follows, the experimental group:clinical control in 5 cases (8.3%), marked effect in 45 cases (75%), progress in 10 cases (16.7%), and ineffective in 0 case (0%), with a controlled and effective rate of 83.3%, control group:clinical control in 7 cases (11.7%), marked effect in 41 cases (68.3%), progress in 12 cases (20%), and ineffective in 0 case (0%), with a controlled and effective rate of 80%. TCM syndrome grading and classification scale results were as follows, experimental group:clinical control in 4 cases (6.7%), marked effect in 47 cases (78.3%), progress in 9 cases (15%), and ineffective in 0 case (0%), with a controlled and effective rate of 85.0%, control group:clinical control in 6 cases (10%), marked effect in 46 cases (76.7%), progress in 8 cases (13.3%), and ineffective in 0 case (0%), with a controlled and effective rate of 86.7%. Statistically, there was significant difference before and after treatment in both groups (P < 0.01), but the difference was not statistically significant between two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was superior to that of control group. Conclusion: Staged treatment with Anshen Dingzhiling recipes had equivalent effect for Tourette syndrome as compared with western medicine, haloperidol, but the adverse reactions of Anshen Dingzhiling recipes were less than lower than, haloperidol, worthy of further in-depth research.关键词：Tourette syndrome;Anshen Dingzhiling;Yale Global Tic Severity Scale
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of Duhuo Jisheng mixture on whole-organ magnetic resonance imaging scores (WORMS) and cartilage metabolism markers in serum of elderly patients with knee-joint osteoarthritis (KOA), and investigate its clinical efficacy for elderly KOA. Method: Totally 80 elderly patients with KOA were randomly divided into control group (40 cases) and treatment group (40 cases). Patients in control group orally took hydrochloric acid glucosamine capsules, and patients in treatment group also orally took Duhuo Jisheng mixture based on the treatment of control group. The treatment course was 8 weeks for both groups. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities(WOMAC) scores before and after treatment of the two groups were observed, radiographic efficacy was assessed with WORMS scores, cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) and proteoglycan levels of cartilage metabolism markers in serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: The total effective rate in the treatment group was 86.84%, significantly higher than 71.79% in control group(P < 0.05). As compared with the conditions before treatment, WOMAC scores were improved in both groups, WORMS scores of knees were reduced, COMP and proteoglycan levels were reduced (P < 0.05). The effect in treatment group was better than that in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Duhuo Jisheng mixture can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of elderly KOA, improve the knee imaging damages and reduce content of cartilage metabolism markers, thus protect the cartilage in patients with KOA.关键词：Duhuo Jisheng mixture;osteoarthritis;cartilage oligomeric matrix protein;proteoglycan;magnetic resonance imaging
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of Longdan Xiegan capsules on platelet activation factor (PAF) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in patients with secretory otitis media of liver and gallbladder dampness-heat type. Method: The 60 patients with secretory otitis media of liver and gallbladder dampness-heat type in Foshan Fifth People's Hospital were divided into control group and experimental group according to the random number table method, 30 cases in each group. The samples of venous blood were taken before treatment, and middle ear effusion of patients was stored at -80℃ in refrigerator after centrifugation. Patients in control group were treated with the tympanic membrane puncture and cefaclor capsules combined with loratadine tablets by oral administration, while patients in experimental group were treated with the tympanic membrane puncture and Longdan Xiegan capsules by oral administration. After 7 days treatment, the venous blood of patients was collected again, clinical efficacy was evaluated and PAF and ET-1 levels in serum and effusion were determined. Result: The total clinical efficacy of experimental group was better than that of control group (P < 0.05), with a lower rate of effusion extraction after re-puncturing in experimental group(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PAF and ET-1 levels in serum and effusion between control group and experimental group before treatment. The PAF and ET-1 levels in serum and effusion in both groups were significantly reduced after treatment (P < 0.05), and Longdan Xiegan capsules had a more significant effect than the control group. Conclusion: Longdan Xiegan capsules had significant effect in the treatment of secretory otitis media, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expression levels of PAF and ET-1.关键词：secretory otitis media;Longdan Xiegan capsule;platelet activating factor;endothelin-1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the efficacy of modified Banxia Xiexin decoction assisted with anti-choline aerosol for gastroesophageal reflux combined with bronchial asthma. Method: The 82 patients with gastroesophageal reflux combined with bronchial asthma in our hospital from May 2013 to May 2015 were selected as research objects and randomly divided into observation group and control group, 41 cases in each group. Patients in control group were treated with conventional anti-choline aerosol therapy, while patients in observation group received modified Banxia Xiexin decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group. The symptom scores of gastroesophageal reflux and bronchial asthma control, lung functions, and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome were observed and compared before and after treatment in two groups. Result: The symptom scores of gastroesophageal reflux in the observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.01). The symptom scores of gastroesophageal reflux in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at the same period (P < 0.01). The scores of bronchial asthma control were improved after treatment in both groups (P < 0.01), and the improvement in observation group was more obvious than that in control group (P < 0.01). The first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1%) and maximum expiratory flow rate (PEV%) were significantly increased after treatment in both groups (P < 0.01), and the increase was more obvious in the observation group than that in the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment for 8 weeks, the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of modified Banxia Xiexin decoction assisted with anti-choline aerosol for gastroesophageal reflux combined with bronchial asthma was remarkable, and could effectively improve gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, control bronchial asthma and improve lung functions of the patients.关键词：Banxia Xiexin Decoction;gastroesophageal reflux;bronchial asthma
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss clinical effect and safety of Xuanfei Jiedu granules in treating allergic rhinitis (AR, lung heat type). Method: Two hundred and twenty-two patients with AR were randomly divided into control group (102 cases) and observation group (120 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group orally took budesonide aerosol inhalation for 2-4 times, 200-1 600 μg/day. Patients in observation group took Xuanfei Jiedu granules, 10 g/time, 2 times/day. Courses of treatment lasted for 7 days. Before and after treatment, scores of nasal obstruction, rhinocnesmus, sternutation and rhinorrhoea were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), and time of relief for the main symptoms (score≤3) and elapsed time (score=0) were recorded. Patients' qualities of live were evaluated by rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ). And adverse reactions were recorded. Result: VAS scores, such as nasal obstruction, rhinocnesmus, sternutation and rhinorrhoea, obviously decreased after treatment (P < 0.01), and scores of rhinocnesmus and sternutation decreased in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01), with no statistically significant difference in scores of nasal obstruction and rhinorrhoea and time of relief of the four symptoms between the two groups. Elapsed time of nasal obstruction, rhinocnesmus and sternutation in observation group were shorter than those in control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), with no statistical significant difference in elapsed time of rhinorrhoea. After treatment, scores of motion, sleep, no-rhinitis symptoms, relevant behaviors, sniffle, ocular symptoms, emotion and total scores in both groups decreased (P < 0.01). And scores of motion, sniffle, ocular symptoms and total scores in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). During the treatment, there was no serious adverse reaction in both groups. Conclusion: Compared with budesonide aerosol inhalation, Xuanfei Jiedu granules is better in controlling onset of symptom, improving patients' qualities of live and safer in the treatment of AR (lung heat type), and so worth further studies.关键词：allergic rhinitis;Xuanfei Jiedu granules;budesonide aerosol inhalation;quality of life
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the effect of Shiyiwei Shenqi capsules combined with thermal Moxibustion therapy for patients (syndrome of both qi and blood deficiency) with rectal cancer surgery and the influence on levels of serum matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). Method: Ninety-eight patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. After operation, patients in control group took CapeOX for chemotherapy and western medicine routine nursing. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group additionally were provided with Shiyiwei Shenqi capsules combined with thermal moxibustion therapy, and given traditional Chinese medicine dietary conditioning and emotional nursing. Courses of treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, scores of Qi-blood deficiency were evaluated. Adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy were recorded, quality of life was evaluated, and levels of neoplasm T-lymphocyte, natural killer cell (NK), MMP-2, COX2 and VEGF were detected. Result: The total effective rate of solid tumors in observation group was 97.8%, which was higher than 82.93% in control group (P < 0.05). Incidence of such adverse reactions as leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal reaction and liver and renal toxicity in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). And scores of nausea and vomiting, pain and fatigue in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). Scores of physical performance, role function, emotional functioning, social function and recognizing ability were all higher than those in control group (P < 0.01). Levels of CD3+, CD4+ and NK in observation group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.01), levels of CD8+, MMP-2, VEGF and COX2 in observation group were lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, score of both Qi and blood deficiency in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Shiyiwei Shenqi capsules combined with thermal Moxibustion therapy can ameliorate symptoms, reduce side effects of chemotherapy, improve quality of life and mmunologic function, and prevent neoplasm metastasis, with obvious short-term effects.关键词：postoperative colorectal cancer;Shiyiwei Shenqi capsules;Moxibustion therapy;metalloproteinases-2;vascular endothelial growth factor;cyclooxygenase
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the curative effect of Bazhen decoction combined with Tongqiao Huoxue decoction in adjuvant treatment for postoperative brain tumor with Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome and the influences on serum total superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Method: One hundred and ten patients of postoperative brain tumor treated in department of neurosurgery of our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group and treatment group (fifty-five cases in each group). Patients of two groups were given routine therapy of anti-infection, symptomatic treatment and nerve nutrition support. Patients of control group were treated with namefene hydrochloride injection by intravenous drip since the first day after operation (8 μg·kg-1, qd). In addition to the therapy of control group, patients of treatment group were treated with Bazhen decoction combined with Tongqiao Huoxue decoction through drip nasogastric tube since the first day after operation, 100 mL·d-1. Patients of both groups were treated for two weeks. Syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), Barthel scores, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in both groups were compared. Levels of serum SOD, CAT and GSH were detected in both groups. Result: In the 2nd week after operation, index scores of TCM symptoms in treatment group were obviously lower than those of control group (P < 0.01). In the 2nd and 4th weeks after operation, Barthel scores in treatment group were evidently higher than those of control group (P < 0.01). In the 2nd and 4th weeks after operation, scores of MMSE and MoCA in treatment group were evidently higher than those of control group at the same time points (P < 0.01). In the 2nd week after operation, serum levels of SOD, CAT and GSH in treatment group were remarkably higher than those in control group, with statistical differences (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Bazhen decoction combined with Tongqiao Huoxue decoction in adjuvant treatment for postoperative brain tumor with Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome could improve clinical symptoms, increase Barthel indexes, and MMSE and MoCA scores, and up-regulate oxidative stress indexes of SOD, CAT and GSH.关键词：Bazhen decoction;Tongqiao Huoxue decoction;brain tumor;Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome;oxidative stress;nerve function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To assess the clinical effects and safety of Chinese medicine injection combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for liver cancer by using network Meta-analysis. Method: The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Chinese medicine injections (CMIs) combined with TACE VS TACE alone for liver cancer were searched from PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CBM, Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and Chinese Scientific Journals Fulltext Database (VIP-CSJFD), up to March 2015 since database establishment. The RCTs were screened and selected according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria Data extraction and quality evaluation were done for the included RCTs by 2 independent researchers, and Bayesian network meta-analysis was done by using WinBugs 1.4 software. Result: The 91 RCTs including 6 493 patients were finally included. The results of network Meta-analysis showed that 7 kinds of CMIs combined with TACE were superior to TACE alone in the treatment of liver cancer in increasing effective rate and life quality, reducing nausea and vomiting, abnormal liver function and leukopenia incidence. In terms of efficacy for liver cancer, Kang'ai injection+TACE, Fufang Kushen injection+TACE, Aidi injection+TACE, Kanglaite injection+TACE, cinobufagin injection+TACE, and bruceolic oil emulsion injection+TACE were superior to astragalus polysaccharide injection+TACE, whereas there was no statistically significant difference with other injections+TACE. In terms of improving life quality, Fufang Kushen injection+TACE was prior to Aidi injection+TACE. There was no statistically significant difference among the 7 CHIs in reducing the incidence of nausea, vomiting and leukopenia. Conclusion: Based on the results of network Meta-analysis, 7 CHIs combined with TACE have better efficacy and safety than TACE alone for liver cancer. Based on the probability ranking results, Kang'ai injection+TACE is more effective as compared with other 6 CHIs+TACE for increasing effective rate, and cinobufagin injection+TACE is more effective as compared with other 6 CHIs+TACE for improving the quality of life.关键词：Chinese medicine injections;transcatheter arterial chemoembolization;liver cancer;network Meta-analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Evaluation of Aidi injection combined with GP program from the perspective of evidence-based medical system for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLS) clinical efficacy and safety. Method: CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data and PubMed were searched for the clinical randomized controlled trials on Aidi injection auxiliary GP regimen for NSCLC.The studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria;the trials were evaluated in accordance with the quality evaluation standard in Cochrane 5.1.0 Manual, and Meta-analysis was conducted by using Revman 5.3 software. Result: A total of 15 clinical randomized controlled trials were included in the systematic review, and the analysis results showed that:Aidi injection auxiliary GP regimen could significantly increase the effective rate [OR=1.57, 95%CI (1.23, 2.01), P=0.000 3] and quality of life [OR=3.20, 95%CI (2.41, 4.25), P < 0.000 01], reduce leukocytes [OR=0.52, 95%CI (0.35, 0.77), P=0.001] and thrombocytopenia [OR=0.43, 95%CI (0.29, 0.63), P < 0.000 1], and reduce gastrointestinal side effects [OR=0.53, 95%CI (0.40, 0.69), P < 0.000 01], with statistically significant difference;but there was no significant difference with GP regimen alone in decreased hemoglobin [OR=0.82, 95%CI (0.41, 1.64), P=0.57], liver dysfunction [OR=0.74, 95%CI (0.47, 1.15), P=0.18] and renal impairment [OR=0.70, 95%CI (0.40, 1.23), P=0.21]. Conclusion: Aidi injection combined with GP treatment of NSCLC for better clinical effect than a simple GP chemotherapy, reduce side effects caused by chemotherapy section. But the included studies of low methodological quality, but also high-quality clinical studies further confirmed.关键词：Aidi injection;GP regimen;non-small cell lung cancer;randomized control trial;systematic review
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：To explore the characteristics of Glycyrrhizma Radix et Rhizoma in treatment of the depression. Related literature about Chinese medicine Glycyrrhizma Radix et Rhizoma for treatment of the depression in recent years was looked up to analyze the characteristics of Glycyrrhizma Radix et Rhizoma for the treatment of depression from the perspectives of antidepressant active ingredients and its application in Chinese medicine compounds. Glycyrrhizma Radix et Rhizoma has been widely used in the treatment of depression, with good curative effect in improving animal behavior and biochemical indicators, and the mechanism is mainly associated with regulating monoamine neurotransmitter and receptors in the brain, improving the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function, anti-free radicals, and anti-inflammatory effects. Glycyrrhizma Radix et Rhizoma treatment for depression has stable efficacy, long-lasting effect and less adverse reactions, providing for ideas and references for clinical screening of the antidepressant Chinese medicine active ingredients and prescription compatibility.关键词：depression;Glycyrrhizma Radix et Rhizoma;mechanism;experiment research;clinical application
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is a widely used crude herb.Currently, pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies of chemical components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was focused on free anthraquinones.This paper focused on current reports of pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, and illuminated its characteristics of pharmacokinetic and metabolism.Based on related references, anthraquinones were absorbed rapidly, but eliminated slowly.However, its absorption and elimination was easily affected by formula compatibility and body status.According to reports on in vivo and in vitro metabolism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, its major metabolic pathway was glucuronidation, sulfation, methylation, etc.Besides, its metabolites was mainly derived from anthraquinones.关键词：Rhei Radix et Rhizoma;pharmacokinetics;glucuronidation;sulfation;methylation;Anthraquinone
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Peptic ulcer, which has been concerned as its ability of carcinogenesis and reducing patient's quality of life, is a high incidence chronic diseases of the digestive system.Tibetan medicine as main tool of aborigines to heal diseases, is an integral part of medicine and pharmacy of Chinese minorities.With increased understanding of Tibetan medicine, more and more researches reported on Tibetan medicine treatment of peptic ulcer.Tibetan medicine has been revealed to have a long history on dealing with peptic ulcer by concluding its characteristic on treating peptic ulcer by literary records, clinical usage and pharmacological mechanism study.Modern clinical shows that Tibetan medicine can be used as a single medicine or compound, as well as alone or combination therapy with traditional Chinese herb and western medicine.Besides, inhibition of gastric acid secretion, gastric mucosaprotection, anti-stress and anti-oxidative damage has been confirmed as the main ways of Tibetan medicine on peptic ulcer treatment. Research on pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Tibetan medicine may provide adequate theory for its further development and clinical application.关键词：Tibetan medicine;peptic ulcer;pharmacological research;clinical application
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Uighur medicine Gulina is Punica granatum flowers, it has a long medicinal history in folk with high medicinal value.P. granatum flowers are used in treatment of gastrointestinal disease, such as diarrhoea, dysentery, peptic ulcer, invermination and other common metabolic system diseases, but few aspects of them were researched at home and abroad.P. granatum is widely used for a long time, but rich resources of P. granatum flowers are underutilized, P. granatum flowers is a natural plant resources with good research value and great potential development value, including its chemical composition, pharmacological activity, especially need further more in-depth research in treatment of diabetes.This paper is a summary of variety resources, medicinal properties, chemical composition, pharmacological effects, modern applications, quality control and other aspects of P. granatum flowers, which can provide basis for its further study and utilization.关键词：Punica granatum flowers;chemical composition;quality standards;preparation;pharmacological effect
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：To summarize the researches of camellia oil in nearly twenty years in resources distribution, extraction process, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and clinical medicine. Camellia oil is a kind of oil tree endemic to China, with large output, origin advantages and export advantages. The main components of camellia oil include oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and saturated fatty acid. Mechanical pressing and soaking extraction technique are the main production process of camellia oil. Camellia oil can be used continuously after extraction, either by further ethanol extraction or as feed resources and organic fertilizer with the rest camellia seed cake. Camellia oil is currently used in the main form of edible oil, however, it is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, carrot element, vitamin, squalene, tea saponin, saponin, tea polyphenol, minerals and other active substances, with the functions of anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, promoting drug percutaneous absorption, anti-obstructive jaundice and protecting liver functions, so it can be used in nutrition food, regulation of immune function, prevention and treatment of obesity, postpartum recovery, prevention of cardiovascular diseases and skin diseases. On the basis of a comprehensive summary, this paper would focus on the overview of its clinical medicinal effects, providing valuable reference for the further research and development of camellia oil. Literature studies indicated that, in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, camellia oil can more effectively prevent 'hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia' than ordinary edible oil. More importantly, camellia oil has great advantages in the prevention and control of skin diseases such as newborn dermatitis, dermatitis after radiotherapy, postpartum striae gravidarum desalination, bedsore, skin redness, swelling and pain.关键词：camellia oil;chemical constituents;pharmacological;clinical medicinal effects
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Plants of Daphne have rich medicinal resources in our country, and they have been widely used with a long history. Most of them are made into medicine with the entire plant, overground parts or roots, with broad pharmacological activities. The researches on their chemical components and pharmacological activities have obtained wide attention from scholars from abroad and at home in recent years. In order to further study, develop and utilize this kind of plant, the latest research progresses on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Daphne in recent 5 years were reviewed in this article by carefully accessing the major databases at home and abroad. The results showed that the plants of Daphne contained a variety of effective chemical constituents, mainly including coumarins, flavonoids and biflavonoids, terpenoids, lignins. More than 100 kinds of chemical constituents were newly discovered, and their structures were introduced in detail. The latest pharmacological studies indicated that the plants of Daphne had efficient anti-HIV, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-viral, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and many other activities, providing references and evidences to clarify their medicinal ingredients and the mechanism of action.关键词：Daphne;chemical constituents;pharmacological activity;anti-HIV;anti-tumor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Triptolide (TPL) is the most active chemical constituents derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii so far. It has the effect of anti-inflammation, anti-fertility, anti-rheumatism and immune regulation. In recent years, it has been found that TPL also has high efficiency and broad spectrum anti-tumor activity, and its anti-tumor mechanism has become a hot spot at home and abroad. At present, chemotherapy is the main therapy for tumor. However, the multi-drug resistance (MDR) caused by tumor cells also makes it difficult to achieve good results. In addition, the mechanism of tumor multi-drug resistance is very complex, so it is important to find the MDR reversal agent with high efficiency and low toxicity. In the literature search, it is found that the mechanism of MDR in the tumor mainly includes multi-drug resistance caused by multi-drug resistance protein, multi-drug resistance mediated by regulatory genes (including anti-apoptosis related signaling pathway and apoptosis-related genes and proteins), and multi-drug resistance mediated by enzymes, as well as the changes of pH in tumor cells, and pharmacokinetic changes.The latest research shows that TPL can not only enhance the anti-tumor effect of a variety of chemotherapy drugs, but also can reverse the multi-drug resistance of tumor. However, its reversal mechanism has not been widely studied at home and abroad. The reversal mechanism of TPL in MDR is mainly related to down-regulating MDR1/P-gp expression, inhibiting Akt/nuclear factor(NF)-κB activity, increasing reactive oxygen specise(ROS) level in cells, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting multidrug resistance-associated protein(MRP) expression, regulating Bax/Bcl-2 expression and inhibiting mutation of Bcr/abl fusion gene T315I. In this paper, an overview would be written from the mechanism of tumor multi-drug resistance and TPL's reversal mechanism of multi-drug resistance, to provide new ideas for the reversal of tumor multi-drug resistance and benefit various patients.关键词：triptolide;tumor;reversal;multiple drug resistance
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