最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 1 ， 2017
- 摘要：Quality ecology on Chinese medicines (QECM), the study of the relationship between medicinal biology and eco-environment, is a dynamic emerging discipline bringing together the quality of Chinese medicines and ecology to solve a wide range of quality of Chinese medicines and eco-environmental problems. Here, we propose the definition of QECM for the first time, describe the background and development, with focus on the research scope of QECM:quality of Chinese medicine, biological reasons of formation of quality of Chinese medicine, relationship between eco-factors and distribution, geographic origin of medicinal materials,regionalization and eco-adaptation for high quality Chinese medicine,eco-system regulation and protection effect on Chinese medicine, development and utilization of high quality Chinese medicine, basic theory and technique method. We also summarize the 6 basic theories:environmental ecology theory;variety, quality continuity theory;sustainable utilization theory;eco-type theory;stress-effect theory;gene specialization theory. Additionally, we introduce research methods of QECM, including chemical, physical, biological and ecological methods. Finally, we present the further direction of QECM:maco-meso-microscopic bidirectional multidimensional development; combination of multidiscipline and improvement of theory and technique; producing practice and worldwide promotion.关键词：quality ecology on Chinese medicines;ecology;the quality of Chinese medicines;theory;method
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：The research goal is to elucidate molecular interactions between various drug molecules and cell membranes in situ. A nonlinear optical spectroscopic method, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy, was applied to investigate molecular interactions between antimicrobial compounds, chlorpromazine, amantadine, memantine and neutral or negatively charged model cell membranes. The different interactions between different drug molecules and different model cell membranes were successfully elucidated. For example, the molecular mechanisms of how antimicrobial compounds disrupt model cell membranes were revealed. The similarity and differences when chlorpromazine, amantadine, and memantine interact with model cell membranes with different charges were reported. SFG was developed into a powerful technique to study interactions between drug molecules and cell membranes, which can be applied to study interactions between Chinese medicine and cell membranes in the future.关键词：sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy;cell membrane;drug molecules
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss difference of digestive enzyme activity and their dynamic variation rule in the fermentation of medicated leaven composed by fresh or dry Chinese medicine and manufactured by different methods. Method: By studying on the decomposed recipes of medicated leaven,six groups of medicated leaven samples were prepared,including the basic group composed of flour,Vignae Semen and Armeniacae Semen Amarum,fresh medicine groups composed of the basic group and fresh medicine juicing or decocting,dry medicine groups composed of the basic group and 1/3 amount of dry medicine decocting,full amount of dry medicine decocting or 1/3 amount of dry medicine curshed mixing.Each group was fermented separately under natural conditions at 28℃ and 33℃,keeping humidity of 70%-80%,fermentation time for 10 d.In the fermentation process,each group needed to be daily dynamic sampling and then dried at 40℃ for testing.Digestive enzyme activity of each group was dynamic tested under different temperatures. Result: The fermentation situations in each group of medicated leaven was not sufficient and needed much longer time at 28℃;the activity of lipase and amylase reached the peak value at 3-4 d under fermentation at 33℃.Digestive enzyme activity of medicated leaven in the basic group and fresh medicine groups was higher than these dry medicine groups with statistical difference,but difference between the basic group and fresh medicine groups had no significance. Conclusion: With digestive enzyme activity as index,the quality of medicated leaven under condition of fermentation at 33℃ is superior to 28℃,fresh medicine groups are better than dry medicine groups,the fresh medicine decocting group is better than the fresh medicine juicing group.The suitable fermentation time of medicated leaven is 3-5 d.关键词：medicated leaven;fresh Chinese medicine;fermentation technology;digestive enzyme activity;amylase;lipase
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize ingredients in Jiedu Huoxue Chinese medicine compound (geniposide,ligustrazine and glycyrrhizic acid) for inhibiting excessive immune response. Method: In the study,uniform design was adopted to design doses of geniposide,ligustrazine and glycyrrhizic acid,the liquichip technique was used to detect the effect of different compatibility level on expression of 23 kinds of cytokines in RAW264.7 inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS),with the comprehensive weight method,the traditional Chinese medicine component optimization software and the improved multiple linear regression algorithm were used to produce the regression equation and the optimal dose ratio of geniposide,ligustrazine and glycyrrhizic acid,through analyzing the dose-effect relationship among the three components and the cytokine inhibition rate. Result: When the ratio of geniposide,ligustrazine and glycyrrhizic acid was 1:20:19,the combination had the best anti-inflammatory effects in RAW264.7 inflammation model induced by LPS,its predicted and experimentally obtained values of comprehensive inhibition rate were 43.3%and 28.3%. Conclusion: The combination of uniform design and cell models in pharmacodynamics is an effective way to optimize the proportion of Chinese medicinal components.关键词：compound of Chinese medicine ingredients;cytokines;uniform design;comprehensive weight;anti-inflammation;lipopolysaccharide
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: By adopting method of enzymatic reaction kinetics to investigate effects of bacuchiol on monophenolase and diphenolase activity of tyrosinase,and to inspect its mechanism and calculate kinetic parameters. Method: In the phosphate buffer system at 37℃ and pH of 6.8,absorbance was measured at 475 nm,the effect of bacuchiol on catalytic reaction of tyrosinase process was investigated,the inhibition rate of enzyme activity and kinetic parameters of bacuchiol were studied with L-tyrosine and L-dopa as substrate,respectively. Result: Bacuchiol could efficiently inhibit monophenolase and diphenolase activity of tyrosinase,their half inhibitory concentrations were 1.49 mmol·L-1 and 0.41 mmol·L-1,respectively.It was found that the inhibition type of diphenolase was a reversible inhibition.Lineweaver-Burk diagram showed that the inhibition effect of bacuchiol on diphenolase was a competitive behavior and its inhibition constant was 0.955 mmol·L-1. Conclusion: Compared with arbutin,the inhibition effect of bacuchiol on tyrosinase is more obvious in the low concentration range,so it worths developing into whitening products.关键词：cosmetics;whitening effect;bacuchiol;tyrosinase;kinetics;arbutin;L-dopa
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To determinate the contents of seven components such as gallic acid, albiflorin and peoniflorin, and 24 trace elements in the medicinal plant Moutan Cortex from different areas, discuss the relationships between its various constituents, and provide a reference for the quality control of Moutan Cortex. Method: Microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) was employed to determine the contents of trace elements such as Fe and Mg; HPLC wavelength fusion method was used to determine the contents of gallic acid, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-d-glucopyranose, benzoic acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin, and paeonol. Grey correlation degree model and correlation analysis method were employed to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Moutan Cortex from the different areas and analyze the correlation between the contents of main components and trace elements. Result: There were significant differences in part principal components and the contents of trace elements in Moutan Cortex from different areas and processing methods (P<0.05). The gray correlation degree model was stable, and there were significant or extremely significant positive correlation or negative correlation between different components and trace elements in Moutan Cortex (P<0.05). Conclusion: The models of grey correlation degree and correlation analysis method can provide sufficient basis and reference for the selection of Moutan Cortex.关键词：Moutan Cortex;trace elements;active components;grey correlation degree;correlation analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study on the correlation between microscopic characteristic index of Menispermi Rhizoma and their chemical components. Method: Capacity analysis method was adopted to determine the quantify the microscopic characteristic index of Menispermi Rhizoma; high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to determine the contents of four alkaloid components:sinomenine, daurisoline, dauricine and tetrandrine; the content of total alkaloid was determined by UV spectrophotometry. The above data were then analyzed for correlation. Result: The stone cell microscopic characteristic indexes were significantly correlated with the contents of daurisoline, dauricine and total alkaloid in Menispermi Rhizoma, but neither correlated with the content of sinomenine nor tetrandrine. Conclusion: This research established a new method and technique preliminarily based on the determination of the stone cell microscopic characteristic index, which could be applied for the quality assessment of Menispermi Rhizoma and providing references for developing its quality standard.关键词：Menispermi Rhizoma;stone cell;microstructure characteristic index;chemical components;correlation analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Using a simple and reliable HPLC-DAD method, for Qixue Shuangbu tincture (QST) of fingerprint analysis and simultaneous determination of 10 bioactive constituents to carry out quality control. Method: Through optimal extraction, separation and selection of analytical conditions, Merck C18 chromatographic column was adopted at wavelength of 203 nm, with acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid as mobile phase. Result: According to fingerprint analysis on 10 batches of samples, 32 peaks were adopted as the characteristic peaks and evaluation indexes. The similarity of the 10 batches of samples was high, and the determination of content of ten active components was stable and reliable. Conclusion: The multicomponent determination method combined with the chromatographic fingerprint analysis is a practical and meaningful method, and can be used for overall quality control of QST.关键词：fingerprint analysis;HPLC-DAD;multicomponent determination;quality control;Qixue Shuangbu tincture;similarity evaluation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish an HPLC method for detecting the contents of seven compounds in total flavonoids from Scutellariae Barbatae Herba, and further study the antitumor activity of total flavonoids and seven compounds from Scutellariae Barbatae Herba. Method: The contents of scutellarin, apigenin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, suctellarein, isoscutellarein 8-glucuronide, luteolin, 4'-hydroxywogonin, and apigenin were detected by HPLC. The antitumor activity of total flavonoids and the seven compounds were assayed in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Hep3B), human gastric cancer cells (AGS), human lung cancer cells (A549), mouse melanoma cells (B16) and mouse breast cancer cells (4T1) by using MTT assat. Result: The HPLC method was established to detect the contents of above seven compounds. The linear range was 9.98-249.60, 1.06-26.50, 2.16-54.00, 2.56-64.05, 1.16-29.10, 0.52-13.00 and 1.18-29.50 mg·L-1 respectively for the above 7 components, with an average recovery rate of 103.47%, 96.15%, 98.66%, 98.91%, 98.25%, 102.67% and 102.32% respectively, and RSD of 2.1%, 1.1%, 1.7%, 3.2%, 2.1%, 1.8%, and 1.9%. The total flavonoids (300 mg·L-1) showed obvious inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Hep3B, AGS, A549 and B16 cells (the inhibitory rate was >50% for the 4 kinds of cells). Luteolin and 4'-hydroxywogonin showed significant anti-tumor activity (IC50 26.64-36.97 mmol·L-1 and 20.14-36.97 mmol·L-1, respectively). Conclusion: The method is simple, rapid, accurate and is suitable for the determination of effective compounds in total flavonoids from Scutellariae Barbatae Herba. The total flavonoids have certain inhibitory effect, while luteolin and 4'-hydroxywogonin have significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Hep3B, AGSA549, B16 and 4T1 cells. All these results indicated that the total flavonoids are the main active fraction in Scutellariae Barbatae Herba for anti-tumor effect, and luteolin and 4'-hydroxywogonin are the main active ingredient.关键词：Scutellariae Barbatae Herba;total flavonoids;tumor cell growth
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) method for simultaneous determination of 7 components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma:protocatechualdehyde, salvianolic acid B, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone Ⅰ, tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone. Method: The separation and analysis were performed on Hypersil Gold C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.9 μm), with 0.1% acetic acid solution-methanol as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The column temperature was set at 30℃ with flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in alternating positive and negative mode. Selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode was used to quantify the 7 compounds. Result: The 7 compounds showed good linear relationship in the range of 1-460 μg·L-1. The average recovery rates were 83.41%-116.05%; the detection limits were 0.046-0.5 μg·L-1 and the relative standard deviation was less than 4.7%. Conclusion: This method is rapid, accurate, reproducible and sensitive, and has been successfully applied in the simultaneous quantification of 7 components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. It can be used for the study of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its prescriptions as well as for quality control.关键词：UPLC-MS/MS;protocatechualdehyde;salvianolic acid B;rosmarinic acid;tanshinone I;Tanshinone ⅡA;Cryptotanshinone;dihydrotanshinone;SRM
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprint method for effective quality control of Ginkgo leaves extract and Ginkgo leaves solid preparation. Method: The chromatographic fingerprint was obtained with Agilent UPLC column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm), with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.2 mL·min-1, and the column temperature was maintained at 30℃. The detection wavelength was set at 360 nm. The fingerprints of samples were further evaluated by chemometrics methods including similarity analysis(SA), hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA) and principal component analysis(PCA). Result: The fingerprint was obtained within 16 minutes. There were 14 common peaks in the fingerprints, and 4 peaks were identified.With the fingerprint of control herb and control extract as the reference fingerprint, the samples can be divided into two types according to the similarity results:one type with similarity of 0.312-0.585, and the other type with similarity of 0.978-0.993.The results of HCA and PCA were consistent with those of SA. Conclusion: The method is fast and efficient. It can be used for the quality evaluation of Ginkgo leaves extract and Ginkgo leaves solid preparation.关键词：Ginkgo leaves extract;Ginkgo leaves solid preparation;UPLC;fingerprint;similarity analysis;hierarchical clustering analysis;principal component analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a HPLC fingerprint of Yixinshu tablet, in order to provide methods for the quality evaluation of Yixinshu tablet. Method: Sample was extracted with 75% methanol, detected with Waters Symmetry ShieildTM C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), and eluted with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.5%formic acid in a gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the detection wavelength was 260 nm, and the column temperature was 30℃. The chemical fingerprint similarity of 10 batches of Yixinshu tablet was calculated with the Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2012) published Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission the standard substance comparison and HPLC-MS were adoped to identify the common peaks. Result: The fingerprint chromatography for the 10 batch of Yixinshu tablet included 29 common peaks, with a good separation at each peak. The relative retention times for common peaks of each batch were less than 1.0%, and the similarities among 10 samples were greater than 0.90.A total of 12 peaks were identified. Conclusion: Method is accurate, reproducible and stable, which can be used for the quality control of Yixinshu tablet.关键词：Yixinshu tablet;HPLC-MS;fingerprint
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The calcium element in Qingkailing injection and its crude medicine were analyzed to clarify the calcium content, main source, differences between ten batches and whether calcium element is the pharmacodynamics material basis in Qingkailing injection. Method: The Qingkailing injection and crude medicine were prepared by microwave resolution method; the calcium element was detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Meanwhile the data was analyzed by relevant informatics research. Result: Concha margaritifera and Radix isatis were the major providers of calcium element in Qingkailing injection. The RSD of different batches Qingkailing injection was more than 40%. The concentration of plasma calcium element had no statistically significant differences after rat receiving intravenously Qingkailing injection compared to that of rats of control group. Conclusion: The modern preparing technology of Qingkailing injection lead to the loss of calcium, and the concentration of plasma calcium element was not increased by the calcium element of Qingkailing injection. Therefore, further research would be needed to understand whether the calcium element was the pharmacodynamics material basis of Qingkailing injection.关键词：Qingkailing injection;calcium element;in vitro;in vivo
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate in vivo integrated pharmacokinetic characteristics of total alkaloids from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata in rats with constipation due to insufficiency of spleen-Yang and kidney-Yang after compatibility with anthraquinones from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Rats were equally divided into the normal group and the constipation group.Extracts including 19.2 mg·kg-1 of total alkaloids from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and 38.4 mg·kg-1 of anthraquinones from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma were given to the constipation group,respectively.UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS was established to determine plasma concentration of seven ingredients at different time points,several concentration-time curves were drawn and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and integrated. Result: In addition to mesaconitine,the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve in all time points (AUC0-∞) of six alkaloids (aconitine,hypaconitine,benzoylaconitine,benzoylmesaconine,benzoylhypaconitine and aconine) were higher,and the metabolism was faster in the constipation group than these in the normal group.Compared with the constipation group,the metabolism of mesaconitine in the normal group was faster,because its t1/2 was shorter,but its AUC0-∞ was similar to each other. Conclusion: At the same time,integrated pharmacokinetic characteristics of total alkaloids in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata are basically consistent with these of seven alkaloids,it can represent the integrated pharmacokinetic behavior of the above alkaloids.关键词：total alkaloids in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata;anthraquinones in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma;compatibility of component;constipation due to insufficiency of spleen-Yang and kidney-Yang;integrated pharmacokinetics;verapamil hydrochloride;aconitine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of albiflorin,paeoniflorin,liquiritin,baicalin,berberine hydrochloride,wogonoside,glycyrrhizic acid,baicalein and wogonin in rat plasma with icariin as the internal standard. Method: Concentrations of the target analytes in plasma were determined by LC-MS/MS,chromatographic separation was accomplished on a Promosil C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution for gradient elution.Detection was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring mode with a positive ionization mode.Two time segments were performed in a single HPLC run,the first 7 minutes just scanned ions of albiflorin,paeoniflorin and liquiritin,the second time segment scanned ions of the remaining analytes. Result: All calibration curves showed good linearity (r>0.998) over a wide concentration range for all analytes.RSDs of intra-day and inter-day precisions were all within 15%and the relative recovery of accuracy were in the range of 90.58%to 108.67%.The peak time (tmax) of these nine components were (0.25±0),(0.25±0),(0.25±0),(0.25±0),(1.00±0.10),(6.33±0.82),(1.00±0.11),(0.25±0),(3.12±1.15) h,respectively;the half life (t1/2) of them were (0.21±0.02),(6.72±2.10),(2.70±0.36),(6.90±1.55),(5.16±0.95),(4.34±1.02),(4.74±2.52),(4.79±1.48),(5.78±2.41) h,respectively;the peak concentration (Cmax) of them were (3.08±0.94),(10.01±2.17),(18.73±2.84),(36.18±7.57),(50.76±10.61),(793.70±214.08),(54.73±18.01),(207.35±27.58),(50.79±5.95) μg·L-1,respectively. Conclusion: The validated method is successfully applied to pharmacokinetics of nine components in rats after oral administration of Qingqing granules.关键词：pharmacokinetics;Qingqing granules;albiflorin;liquiritin;flavonoids;berberine hydrochloride
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate metabolic pathway of limonin in rats and its mechanism. Method: Bile,urine and feces of rats were collected after oral administration of limonin with dose of 80 mg·kg-1.HPLC and LC-MS/MS were used to determine the concentration of limonin in bile,urine and feces of rats,then calculated the cumulative excretion and cumulative fractional excretion. Result: Total cumulative fractional excretion of limonin in feces,urine and bile was about 50%,only about half of the drug was excreted in the form of prototype.Limonin excreted from the urine and bile was less than 1%.Most of limonin excluded through feces with prototype. Conclusion: Feces is major excretion pathway of limonin in rats after oral administration,only a small portion of the drug is absorbed into rat plasma.关键词：limonin;excretion;nimodipine;pharmacokinetics;bile;feces
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the protective effect and mechanism of Danlou tablets (DT) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rats. Method: The 80 male healthy Wistar rats with body weight of (300±20) g were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and Danlou tablets group. Rats in sham operation group and model group were administered with 0.5%CMC-Na solution at the daily dose of 10 mL·kg-1 by ig, and rats in the DT group were administered with 0.9 g·kg-1 Danlou tablets. After prophylactic administration for 7 days, the left anterior descending branch of the rats heart were ligatured for 50 minutes to create the models of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) in serum, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in myocardial tissues were detected after 2 h reperfusion in 6 rats of each group. Ultrasound was used to observe the cardiac ejection fraction (EF) before and after 48 h reperfusion. The 6 rats in each group were selected for TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) staining to assess the apoptosis index of myocardial cells, and then the protein expression levels of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 protein in cardiac muscle tissues were detected by Western blot. Evans blue-TTC staining was used to assess the myocardial infarction area in the remaining rats. Result: After reperfusion for 2 h, as compared with model group, the levels of serum LDH, CK-MB and ET-1 in DT group were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while the levels of NO, MDA and MPO were significantly elevated (P<0.05). After reperfusion for 48 h, as compared with model group, the EF values in Danlou tablets group were significantly elevated (P<0.05), with obvious decreases in the myocardial infarction size and myocardial apoptosis index (P<0.05), myocardial Caspase-3 and Bax protein expression levels in Danlou tablets group were significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and Bcl-2 protein expression levels were decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Danlou tablets can protect endothelial cells, inhibit oxidative and inflammatory infiltration in the early stage of MIRI. The protective effect on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats of Danlou tablets may be related to inhibiting apoptosis, reducing myocardial infarct size and improving cardiac function in the late stage of MIRI.关键词：Danlou tablets;myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury;endothelial function;lipid peroxidation;myocyte apoptosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Taohong Siwutang (TST) on the contents of endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum of cerebral ischemia rats. Method: Models of cerebral ischemia were reproduced with 48 healthy SD rats through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO). All rats were divided into six groups:sham group, model group, Taohong Siwu decoction groups (18, 9, 4.5 g·kg-1) and nimodipine group (0.02 g·kg-1). After the successive oral administration for 7 days, the volume of cerebral infarction was detected by TTC staining method; And whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were tested to observe the effects of TST on the hemorheology of rats with cerebral ischemia injury; And the content of serum ET-1, Ang-1 and VEGF were detected by ELISA. Result: The high dose group of TST could significantly reduce cerebral infarction volume. Compared with the sham group, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of rats in model group were significantly increased, with no statistical significance. Compared with the model group, high and medium-dose TST treatment groups showed significant decreases in whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity. Meanwhile, the low-dose TST treatment group showed significant decrease in the plasma viscosity in comparison with model group. Compared with the model group, TST remarkably reduced the levels of ET-1 in serum, and increased the levels of Ang-1, VEGF in serum. Conclusion: TST has the effect in markedly improving cerebral infarction volume, and promoting angiogenesis in cerebral ischemia rats. Its mechanism may be related to the regulation of content of ET-1, Ang-1 and VEGF in serum.关键词：Taohong Siwutang;middle cerebral artery occlusion;endothelin-1;angiopoietin-1;vascular endothelial growth factor;angiogenesis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the anti-hepatitis B virus(HBV) effects of sophora alkaloids combined with entecavir, and observe its effect on p38 MAPK and sodium taurocholote cotransporting poly peptide(NTCP) expression levels. Method: Entecavir-resistant hepatitis HBV replication ell lines HepG2.A64 were used as the models, and then CPE and CCK-8 were used respectively to investigate the cytotoxicity in case of oxymatrine, matrine, sophoridine, sophocarpine or nucleoside drug entecavir as well as combined use of entecavir and any above sophora alkaloids. The levels of HbsAg, HBV DNA replication, p38 and NTCP mRNA expression, as well as p38 and p-p38 protein expression levels were detected by ELISA, Real-time PCR and Western blot. Result: As compared with medication alone, HBsAg secretion, HBV DNA replication were significantly inhibited 72 h after combined use of oxymatrine and entecavir, and NTCP expression levels and p38 phosphorylation levels were significantly reduced. Conclusion: The combined use of oxymatrine and entecavir could achieve the anti-HBV effect by down-regulating the expression of NTCP and inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38.The combined use of oxymatrine and entecavir could significantly increase anti-HBV effect.关键词：oxymatrine;entecavir;hepatitis B virus;drug combination;antiviral;sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide(NTCP);p38
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe and investigate the effects of supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation herbs on inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression in lung tissues of rats with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Method: Seventy-two healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, dexamethasone group and supplementing Qi and activating blood circulationherbs group, n=18 in each group. ALI models were established by intratracheal instillation of LPS (5 mg·kg-1), while normal group received normal saline. Three days before and after making the models, the corresponding drugs or normal saline were given in each group by gavage. Six rats in each group were put to death at the end of the 8, 24, 72 h after modeling. Then the pathological changes of lung tissues were observed under light microscope; the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β),and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and the TLR-4 mRNA expression levelsin lung tissues were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR). Result: For the pathological score of lung tissues, as compared with normal group, LPS in other groups exhibited a higher level(P<0.01); as compared with model group, dexamethasone group and Chinese herbs group exhibited a lower level (P < 0.05,P < 0.01) and the level was lowest in 72 h. For the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in BALF, LPS in other groups displayed an obvious increase as compared with normal group, but the levels in dexamethasone group and herbs group were decreased as compared with model group(P<0.01);the level in model group was increased gradually over time in model group and the levels indrug intervention groups were decreased over time(P < 0.05,P < 0.01).For the TLR4 mRNA expression level in lung tissues, as compared with normal group, LPS in other groups exhibited a higher level(P<0.01) and the level was highest in model group at 8 h; as compared with the model group, the expression levels in herbs group were decreased at various time points (P < 0.05,P < 0.01). Conclusion: Supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation herbs could decrease the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 in BALF in rats with ALI induced by LPS, improve the pathological changes in lung tissues, and the prevention and treatment mechanism for ALI may be associated withinhibiting the TLR4 mRNA expression.关键词：supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation herbs;lipopolysaccharide;acute lung injury;inflammatory factor;Toll-like receptor 4
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the selective inhibitory effect of the Chinese medicines with functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis on platelet aggregation, and explore the underlying mechanism. Method: Ethanol extracts of 24 kinds of common promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis Chinese medicines were evaluated for adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation activity by using in vitro high throughput platelet aggregation assay. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to predict and verify the potential targets of the known monomer components in representative herbs Typhae Pollen and Paeoniae Radix Rubra. Result: The IC50 of Typhae Pollen on platelet aggregation induced by ADP and thrombin was 55.27, 300.60 mg·L-1 respectively, while the IC50 of Paeoniae Radix Rubra was 336.20, 101.60 mg·L-1 respectively. IPA prediction showed that Typhae Pollen and Paeoniae Radix Rubra inhibited platelet aggregation probably by regulating the calcium mobilization (Ca2+), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. The results showed that Typhae Pollen could significantly inhibit the level increase of Ca2+ in platelet stimulated by ADP (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Paeoniae Radix Rubra could significantly increase the level decrease of NO in platelet induced by thrombin (P<0.01). Both of Typhae Pollen and Paeoniae Radix Rubra could not reverse the level decrease of cAMP induced by ADP or thrombin. Conclusion: The ethanol extracts of Typhae Pollen electively inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by ADP, while the ethanol extracts of Paeoniae Radix Rubra selectively inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. As the prediction by IPA, Typhae Pollen could decrease the level of Ca2+ and Paeoniae Radix Rubra could increase the level of NO, and they could inhibit the platelet aggregation probably by activating Gq/phospholipase C(PLC)/inositol triphosphate(IP3) of P2Y1, and phosphatidylinositide-3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathways respectively.关键词：Typhae Pollen;Paeoniae Radix Rubra;adenosine diphosphate;thrombin;Ingenuity Pathway Analysis;selective inhibition of platelet aggregation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on Ca2+ concentration change in dorsal root ganglia cells of rats with 0℃ cold stress, and mRNA expressions of transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8 (TRPM8). Method: The rat dorsal root ganglion neuron cells were put in 0℃ cold stress to detect the activity of cells under the different time length of cold stress by the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cinnamonaldehyde was added to detect the changes in intracellular Ca2+ distribution by the laser confocal microscopy. Furthermore, Real-time PCR method was used to measure the mRNA expression of TRPA1 and TRPM8. Result: There was no significant difference in cell viability under the different time length of cold stress. Cold stress decreased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration within dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons (P<0.05), while a certain amount of cinnamicaldehyde could make it significantly rise (P<0.01). Real-time PCR method showed that under long-time old stress, the mRNA expression of TRPA1 was up-regulated (P<0.05). And the TRPM8 mRNA expression under long-time cold stress was clearly higher than that under short-time cold stress (P<0.05). Cinnamaldehyde at the appropriate concentration can up-regulate the TRPA1 mRNA expression of rat DRG neurons under cold stress (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The effect of cinnamaldehyde on TRPM8 was unclear yet. Conclusion: The cold stress can impact TRPA1 and TRPM8, and decrease the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Its action mechanism is to activate TRPA1 channel and them increase the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration.关键词：cold stress;cinnamaldehyde;dorsal root ganglia (DRG);Ca2+;transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1);transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 8 (TRPM8)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Qishen Yiqi drop pills on myocardial injury in rats with myocardial ischemia based on angiogenesis theory. Method: The 160 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham operation group, model group, high dose Qishen Yiqi drop pills group, and low dose Qishen Yiqi drop pills group. Myocardial ischemia models were established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery in rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect cardiac pathological changes, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) on days 3, 7, 14 and 28, immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the blood vessel density in ischemic border zone. Real-time PCR method was used to detect the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2 and platelet derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) and platelet derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-β) mRNA. Result: After 3 days of infarction, the infarction area was obviously seen in heart, on days 7~28, with left ventricular dilation, the infarct zone wall was thinning; on days 3~28, new blood capillaries were seen in ischemic border zone; CD31 positive and α-SMA positive blood vessel densities were increased than those in sham operation group. As compared with the model group, high and low dose Qishen Yiqi drop pills could decrease the myocardial infarct size and promote the blood vessels in the border zone at different time points, and could inhibit ventricular dilatation at days 7~28 (P<0.05). PCR results showed that in the early stage of miocardial infarction, angiogenesis and stability related factors were increased; in the late stage of miocardial infarction, vascular maturation related factors were increased (P<0.05). On day 3 of Qishen Yiqi drop pills treatment, the expression levels of VEGF and Ang-1 mRNA were increased, but bFGF mRNA expression level was reduced (P<0.05), on day 7, the expression levels of VEGF and bFGF mRNA were increased (P<0.05), on day 14, the expression levels of VEGF, Ang-1, bFGF and PDGFR-β mRNA were increased (P<0.05), on day 28, the expression level of bFGF mRNA was increased, but VEGF, KDR, Ang-1, and Ang-2 mRNA expression levels were reduce (P<0.05). Conclusion: Qishen Yiqi drop pills can protect the myocardium in myocardial infarction model of rats, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of angiogenesis and maturation-related factors in ischemic border zone.关键词：Qishen Yiqi drop pills;myocardial ischemia;angiogenesis;α-smooth muscle actin;vascular endothelial growth factor;angiopoietin(Ang)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of Jitongning capsule(JTN) on rats with wind-cold-dampness retention type rheumatoid arthritis, and provide experimental basis for the clinical application of dispelling wind, removing obstruction in the meridians and promoting blood circulation (Qufeng Tongluo Huoxue method) in the treatment of wind-cold-dampness retention type rheumatoid arthritis. Method: The 90 male Wistar rats were randomized into the normal group, control group, high dose (JTN, 0.8 g·kg-1) group, middle dose (JTN, 0.4 g·kg-1) group, low dose (JTN, 0.2 g·kg-1) group and tripterygium glycosides (TG, 0.02 g·kg-1) group. Except those in normal group, bovine type Ⅱ collagen and complete Freund adjuvant mixture emulsion was intracutaneously injected into the other rats on the 1st and 14th day to induce the rat Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA) model. Besides, the ‘wind, cold, wet’ environmental factors were used for stimulation for 14 consecutive days to duplicate rat models of wind-cold-dampness retention type rheumatoid arthritis. After model establishment, JTN (0.2, 0.4, 0.8 g·kg-1) or TG (0.02 g·kg-1) were administered intragastrically once a day, for 28 days in drug treatment groups. The body weight, articular swelling degree of rats and the arthritis index (AI) were observed. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum were detected. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining method was used to observe the degree of articular histopathological changes and the pathology score of rat ankle joint damage was also evaluated. Result: As compared with the normal group, the joint of rats in model group showed swelling, with slower body weight growth, significantly increased AI, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in serum (P<0.05), with joint synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cells infiltration, and cartilage erosion. As compared with the model group, the body weight was increased in various treatment groups, with decreased articular swelling rate and AI (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and significantly decreased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in serum (P<0.05). The pathological results also showed that JTN groups and TG group could alleviate inflammatory cells infiltration, destruction of bone and cartilage, and reduce pathological scores (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The JTN capsule could significantly reduce joint inflammation and the degree of pathological damage of knee joints, and decrease the level of inflammatory factors, suggesting it has a positive therapeutic effect on model rats with wind-cold-dampness retention type rheumatoid arthritis.关键词：Jitongning capsule (JTN);rheumatoid arthritis;Wind-cold-dampness retention type rheumatoid arthritis;Qufeng Tongluo Huoxue method
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effects and initial mechanisms of Jinqi Jiangtang tablet on the cognitive dysfunction induced by diabetes. Method: C57BL/6J mice received STZ (120 mg·kg-1) by single intraperitoneal injection combined with high fat food to induce type 2 diabetic mice models. After 8 weeks, Morris water maze test was carried out to select the mice with cognitive dysfunction, then the selected ones were randomly divided into model group, metformin hydrochloride positive drug group, high dose (twice the clinical equivalent dose, 1.31 g·kg-1) and low dose (clinical equivalent dose, 0.655 g·kg-1) Jinqi Jiangtang tablet groups, n=14 in each group. The mice in normal group and model group received the same volume of distilled water for 10 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight of the mice were measured once respectively before and after administration for 10 weeks. After treatment for 10 weeks, the learning and memory ability was tested by Morris water maze; morphological changes of the hippocampus CA1 area were observed by Nissl staining; the levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in serum were detected by ELISA; synaptophysin(SYN) mRNA expression level in hippocampus was tested by Real-time PCR. Result: As compared with the normal group, FBG level was significantly increased in mice of model group; memory ability was reduced; with obvious hippocampal nerve injury, and serum BDNF levels were significantly decreased; SYN mRNA expression level in hippocampus was significantly reduced, and the body weight was also reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). As compared with the model group, Jinqi Jiangtang tablet high dose group could decrease the level of fasting blood-glucose of the diabetic mice, improve the learning and memory ability and hippocampal nerve injury, significantly increase the level of the serum BDNF and SYN mRNA expression in hippocampus; the body weight in mice of various treatment groups was stable, with statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Jinqi Jiangtang tablet may improve the learning and memory ability in diabetic mice by up-regulating the level of BDNF to protect and nourish the hippocampal neurons and up-regulating SYN mRNA expression in hippocampus to improve the cognitive deficits of the cognitive dysfunction mice.关键词：diabetes;cognitive dysfunction;Jinqi Jiangtang tablet;synaptophysin;brain derived neurotrophic factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the regulating effect of Guben Jiannao prescription on neuro-inflammatory reaction in hippocampus of the forgetful aged rats based on advanced glycosylation and products(AGEs)/advanced glycosylation end products receptor(RAGE) signal pathway. Method: Intra-peritoneal injection of D-galactose and NaNO2was used to establish the forgetful models in aged rats. Then they were treated with Guben Jiannao prescription (16.7 g·kg-1), Guipiwan (16.3 g·kg-1), Liuwei Dihuangwan (12.5 g·kg-1) and huperzine A (100 μg·kg-1) respectively by ig administration. The rats in normal group and model group received the same volume of normal saline. After treatment for 20 days, hippopocamus tissues were taken from all groups. The protein expression of AGEs was detected by immunohistochemistry. RAGE and nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65) protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. The contents of interleukim-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were detected by ELISA. Result: As compared with the normal group, the levels of all above indices were enhanced significantly in model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). As compared with the model group, the levels of all above indices were significantly decreased in various treatment groups (P<0.01). As compared with Guben Jiannao prescription, the levels of all above indices were up-regulated in other treatment groups (P<0.05); there was no statistical significance in the levels of all above indices between Guipi Wan group, Liuwei Dihuang Wan group and huperzine A group. Conclusion: All of the above Chinese herbal compound prescriptions can improve memory function of forgetful aged rats to a certain degree, but the effect of Guben Jiannao Prescription is best. Its molecular mechanism is closely related to AGEs/RAGE signaling pathway.关键词：Guben Jiannao prescription;forgetful model in aged rats;hippocampus;AGEs/RAGE signaling pathway
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effects and antidepressant mechanism of Buyang Huanwutang. Method: The Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, fluoxetine group (3.0 mg·kg-1) and Buyang Huanwu Tang low dose, middle dose and high dose groups (9.0, 18.0, 27.0 g·kg-1, ig), n=10 in each group. The drugs were administered by ig 1 h before daily stress, and normal saline with the same volume was given in other groups, for a total of 21 d. The mice models of depression were established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS); the depression-like behavior of the mice were observed by body weight measurement (BWM), open field test (OFT) and tail suspension test (TST). The morphological changes of neurons in hippocampas CA3 area were observed by Nissl staining; the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was observed by TUNEL method; and the ultrastructural changes of the hippocampus were observed by transmission electron microscope. Result: As compared with the normal group. depression-like behavior was found in model group, with decreased body weight, decreased scores of horizontal and vertical motion in OFT, and prolonged motionless time (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); changes of neuronal damage and early apoptosis in hippocampal CA3 area were revealed by Nissl staining and transmission electron microscope; TUNEL method showed that the number of apoptotic neurons in hippocampal CA3 area was increased (P<0.01). As compared with the model group, depression-like behavior was improved in Fluoxetine group and Buyang Huanwutang groups, with increased body weight, increased scores of horizontal and vertical motion in OFT, and less motionless time (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); neuronal damage and early apoptosis in hippocampal CA3 area were reduced in Nissl staining and transmission electron microscope; TUNEL method showed that the number of apoptotic neurons in hippocampal CA3 area was decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Buyang Huanwutang could improve the depression-like behavior in mice by reducing neuronal damage in hippocampus CA3 area and inhibiting the neuronal apoptosis, with neuroprotective and antidepressant effects.关键词：Buyang Huanwutang;chronic unpredictahle mild stress;depression;ethology;hippocampus;apoptosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Shenxiong Glucose injection (SGI) on H2O2-induced oxidative damage of HUVEC cells. Method: The in vitro models of oxidative stress damage based on HUVEC cells were established by treatment with H2O2(130 mmol·L-1) for 0.5 h. SGI pretreated group:HUVEC cells were pretreated with SGI (6%, 8%, 10%) for 6 h, and then treated with H2O2 for 0.5 h. The cell viability was detected by MTS assay; ELISA method was used to determine lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release, malondialdehyde(MDA) content as well as superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities; gene and protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in HUVEC cells were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Result: After HUVEC cells were treated with H2O2(130 mmol·L-1) for 0.5 h, the survival rate of the cells decreased to about 50%with a proper range and good repeatability, so that oxidative damage models were established under this condition. As compared with the H2O2 group, the cells survival was significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) after treatment with SGI for 6 h. SGI not only decreased the release of LDH, MDA (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but also significantly increased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In addition, Real-time PCR and Western blot showed SGI can significantly up-regulate the expression level of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and down-regulate the expression level of Caspase-3, Bax (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusions: SGI could protect the HUVEC cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in a certain range. The mechanism of action seemed to be relevant with inhibiting apoptosis.关键词：Shenxiong glucose injection;HUVEC cell;oxidative damage;apoptosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of rhubarb total anthraquinone on function and structure of hypothalamus, pituitary and its reversibility in female rats. Method: Forty female SD rats were selected, in which 10 rats were randomly selected as normal control group, and the remaining 30 rats were administered orally with 73 mg·kg-1 rhubarb total anthraquinone for 60 days. At 24 h, 30 d and 60 d after the last administration, 1/3 rats were put to death. ELISA was used to detect the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) levels in serum. Their estrous cycle was recorded. The pituitary was collected and weighed to calculate the index of pituitary. The morphological changes in hypothalamus and pituitary were observed by HE staining. Result: The LH and FSH levels of the model group at 60 d after administration and 30 d after drug discontinuance were higher than that in the normal control group, and GnRH level was lower than that in normal control group (P<0.05). The LH and FSH level of the model group at 60 d after drug discontinuance were lower than that at 60 d after administration, GnRH level was higher than that at 60 d after administration (P<0.05). The rate of the estrous cycle disordered and the number of diestrus days of the model at 30 d and 60 d after administration were higher than that in normal control group (P<0.05). The rate of the estrous cycle disordered and the number of diestrus days of the model group at 60 d after administration were higher than that at 30 d after administration (P<0.05). The rate of disordered estrous cycle of the model group at 30 d after drug discontinuance was higher than that in normal control group (P<0.05). The indexes of pituitary of the model group at 60 d after administration was higher than normal control group (P<0.05); and that at 30 d and 60 d after drug discontinuance was lower than at 60 d after administration (P<0.05). Pathological examination showed that the hypothalamus neurons of the model group at 60 d after administration reduced, red neurons, ghost cells and chromatin side pole appeared; pituitary cells decreased and became irregular, blood sinus was expanded, adaptability of eosinophilic cell was proliferated. The hypothalamus neurons of the model group at 30 d after drug discontinuance increased, red neurons decreased, ghost cells and chromatin side pole reduced; pituitary cells increased, blood sinus expansion was reduced, adaptability of eosinophilic cell hyperplasia was reduced. Pathological changes of the hypothalamus and pituitary were further recovered in the model group at 60 d after drug discontinuance. Conclusion: Estrogen level, estrous cycle and structure of hypothalamus and pituitary in female rats were affected by 60 d oral administration with rhubarb total anthraquinone, which however is reversible at 60 d after drug discontinuance.关键词：rhubarb total anthraquinone;Hypothalamus;pituitary;reversibility;estrous cycle
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Jiawei Duhuo Jisheng mixture in knee osteoarthritis and observe its effect on the levels of interleukin-1(IL-1), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)and NO in the synovial fluid. Method: The 90 patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The 45 cases in treatment group were treated with Jiawei Duhuo Jisheng mixture and 45 cases in control group were treated with glucosamine hydrochloride capsule for eight weeks. Then their curative effect was observed in both groups. Arthrocentesis was conducted before and after treatment to take synovial fluid, and then the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and NO were detected and compared. Result: Knee pain Visual Analogue Scales(VAS) scores were decreased after treatment in both groups (P<0.05). VAS score in treatment group was lower than that in control group after treatment (P<0.05). Knee joint function Western Ontario and McMaster Univesrsities (WOMAC) score in treatment group was superior to that in control group after treatment (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α and NO were decreased after treatment in both groups(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: Jiawei Duhuo Jisheng mixture could reduce the levels of IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α and NO in knee joint fluid, inhibit the inflammatory response, reduce pain of knee osteoarthritis, and improve the function of the knee joint.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Maxing Shigan Tang combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) directed penetrating medicine in treatment of pediatric pneumonia asthmatic with syndrome of wind-heat invading lung. Method: The 120 cases of pediatric pneumonia with syndrome of wind-heat invading lung were randomly divided into Maxing Shigan Tang group, western medicine (Azithromycin+ ribavirin) group and Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group, with 40 cases in each group. The patients in Maxing Shigan Tang group were treated with Maxingshigan Tang adjusted for children, western medicine group were received azithromycin and ribavirin combination therapy injection. Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group received Maxing Shigan Tang and TCM directed penetrating medicine in treatment of pediatric pneumonia asthmatic. The treatment course was 10 days for three groups. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, as well as the changes in average time of fever regression, cough disappearance, and pulmonary rales disappearance were observed in three groups. Result: The overall response rate was 95.0%in Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group, significantly higher than 77.5%in western medicine group (P<0.05), the scores of major and secondary symptoms and signs in Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group were (3.90±2.06) and (1.88±0.85) points, significantly lower than those of the other two groups (P<0.01). The average time of fever regression was (2.30±0.76) day in Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group, significantly shorter than that of the other two groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the cough disappearing time was (6.15±1.30) and (6.25±1.11) d respectively in Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group and Maxing Shigan Tang group, significantly shorter than that in western medicine group (P<0.01), the pulmonary rales disappearing time was (5.20±1.08) d in Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine group, significantly shorter than those of the other two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion: Maxing Shigan Tang combined with TCM directed penetrating medicine has significant clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of pediatric pneumonia asthmatic (syndrome of wind-heat invading lung).关键词：Maxing Shigan tang;traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) directed penetrating medicine;pediatric pneumonia asthmatic;syndrome of wind-heat invading lung
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the clinical effect of Xietu Huayu decoction on intractable insomnia (phlegm and blood stasis in the interior), and its effect on monoamine neurotransmitter and inflammatory factor. Method: One hundred and seventy patients were randomly divided into control group (85 cases) and observation group (85 cases) by random number table. Both groups were given sleep hygiene guidance, cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychotherapy for non-pharmacological interventions. Patients in control group took Estazolam tablets at bed time, 1-2 mg/day. Patients in observation group took Xietu Huayu decoction, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment were 4 weeks. Before and after the treatment, scores of pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and phlegm and blood stasis in the interior were scored. Total sleep time, sleep period time, sleep latency and awakening frequency were recorded by polysomnogram. Levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were detected. Result: The total clinical effect rate in observation group was 93.9%which was higher than 80.25%in control group (P<0.01). Scores of sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency, hypnotic, daytime function, the total scores and scores of SDS, SAS and phlegm and blood stasis in the interior were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). After the treatment, the total sleep time, sleep latency and awakening frequency were less than that in control group (P<0.01). Levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, 5-HT and 5-HIAA were higher than control group (P<0.01), whereas levels of IL-6 was lower than control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Xietu Huayu decoction can ameliorate sleep quality, prolong sleep time of the patients' with intractable insomnia (phlegm and blood stasis in the interior), with a superior clinical effect to Estazolam tablets, and its mechanism of action may be correlated to the regulation of levels of inflammatory mediator and monoamine neurotransmitter.关键词：intractable insomnia;phlegm and blood stasis in the interior;Xietu Huayu decoction;monoamine neurotransmitter;inflammatory factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the short-term and long-term efficacy of Shugan Tongqiao decoction as an adjuvant therapy in treating primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) with Qi stagnation and blood stasis, and its effect on vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), β-endorphin (β-EP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Method: One hundred and twenty-three patients with PTN were randomly divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (63 cases) by random number table. Both groups got radio frequency thermo-coagulation. After the operation, patients in control group took Lutongning granule, 6 g/time, 2 times/day; and patients in observation group took Shugan Tongqiao decoction, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment were 12 weeks. And the follow-up visit lasts for 48 weeks. Before the operation and at the first, second, third, fifth and seventh days after the operation, scores of the visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded. And before and after treatment, scores of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), life satisfaction index B (LSI B) and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome were scored. Levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), β-endorphin (β-EP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected. And relapses within 48 hours were recorded. Result: At the first, second, third, fifth and seventh days after the treatment, both groups' VAS scores decreased compared with before the treatment (P<0.01).At the 5th and 7th days, VAS scores in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The comprehensive clinical effect in observation group was superior to that in control group according to the Ridit analysis (P<0.05), pain relief in observation group was superior to that in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, scores of SAS, SDS, PSQL and TCM syndrome were lower than those in control group, and score of LSI-B was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Compared with healthy group, before the treatment, levels of VIP, IL-1β and TNF-α increased, and level of β-endorphin decreased (P<0.01). After the treatment, levels of VIP, IL-1β and TNF-α were lower than those in control group, and level of β-endorphin was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). And levels of VIP and IL-1β in observation group was higher than those in healthy group (P<0.01), with no statistically significant difference in levels of TNF-α and β-EP between the two groups. And recurrence rate in observation group was 16.13%, which was lower than 31.67%in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Shugan Tongqiao decoction can relieve the patients' pain, ameliorate symptoms and negative emotion, improve the patients' quality of life and clnical efficacy, and reduce the recurrence rate after the radio frequency thermo-coagulation. Its effect may be correlated with reduction of inflammatory injury and regulation of levels of β-endorphin and VIP.关键词：primary trigeminal neuralgia;Qi-stagnation and blood stasis;radio frequency thermo-coagulation;Shugan Tongqiao decoction;inflammatory response;vasoactive intestinal peptide;β-endorphin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Discuss on the characteristics of the Chinese patent medicines containing incompatible herbs, to provide information and reference for safe clinical medicine application. Method: Classify and summarize the products of medicine pieces and Chinese patent medicines about eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (volume I,2015), in which the situation is compared with that Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (volume I,2010). Result: In the 2015 version, 39 products of medicine pieces about eighteen incompatible herbs and 18 products of nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs are recorded; with 440 products more than that in the 2010 version, a total of 1 502 products of Chinese patent medicines are recorded, in which 8 products contain eighteen incompatible herbs, 9 products contain nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs, and 1 product contains both eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs; incompatible herb pairs of Caryophylli Flos and Curcumae Radix, Aconiti Radix/Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Bletillae Rhizoma/Ampelopsis Radix, as well as Cinnamomi Cortex and Halloysitum Rubrum are applied with high frequency; the proportion of Chinese patent medicines for external use is over 30%. Conclusion: Compared with the 2010 version, the Chinese patent medicines with incompatible herbs in the 2015 version have increasement in varieties, application frequency and external use proportion, indicating that it is worthy of further research on the eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs.关键词：Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (volume I,2015);Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (volume I,2010);Eighteen incompatible herbs;nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs;comparison and analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To apply TCMISS (V2.5) to analyze the composition principles of formula containing Shengmaisan in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Ophiopogonis Radix,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) and provide a basis for clinical medication and new drug research and development. Method: Formulas containing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Ophiopogonis Radix and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription were collected, sorted and entered TCMISS to build a database and analyze their medication rules and major indications. Result: The database records a total of 415 formulas, 25 core drug compositions and 25 TCM compatible with Shengmaisan and selects blood drug ‘Angelicae Sinensis Radix’,Qi drug ‘Astragali Radix’, Yin drug ‘Cornt Fructus’ and Yang drug ‘Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia’ to analyze drug compositions. It is suggested that although changes in formulas containing Shengmaisan are complex, generally they still give priority to tonifying Qi and Yin. As compatibility changes, the characteristics of treatment differ. Conclusion: Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription has a wide range of compatible drugs for Shengmaisan. The characteristics of treatment are clear. Most of them are tonic and beneficiary. Composition principles reflect the composition features of Shengmaisan when treating different diseases. They have a guiding significance for modern clinical application and provide a basis for modern inheritance and development of formulas containing Shengmai San.关键词：Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription;TCMISS;Shengmaisan;composition principle
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regularities and molecular mechanism for treating different diseases with same method on hyperuricemia (HU) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Method: The regularities of TCM syndrome and Chinese herbs on HU and NAFLD were mined out by text mining and were visualized. Then the common TCM syndromes of HU and NAFLD and their corresponding Chinese herbs compatibility compound (CHCC) were extracted and obtained. Human target proteins corresponding to active ingredients and relevant genes of the above diseases were retrieved. Then the proteins and genes were imported into molecular network analysis platform respectively to build the corresponding networks. By network mapping analysis, some pathways and high link molecules in CHCC for treating HU and NAFLD could be found. Result: Phlegm and blood stasis block syndrome was the most common TCM syndrome for HU and NAFLD. Chinese herbs in CHCC (Saloiae Miltiorrhizoma Radix et Rhizoma, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Atractybdis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were the most common herbs for the above two diseases. CHCC played a synergistic treatment effect on HU and NAFLD by regulating 5 molecules (26 S Proteasome, ERK1/2, NF-κB, UBC and Akt) and LXR/RXR activation pathway. Conclusion: HU and NAFLD had the biological foundation for treating different diseases with the same method. Text mining and molecular biological information network analysis were the effective methods for exploring the biological foundation.关键词：hyperuricemia;non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;biological networks analysis;molecular mechanism
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: As an important component of systems biology,metabonomics has the research mentality which is similar to the overall concept as well as the syndrome differentiation and treatment system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Therefore,the applying of metabonomics on the study of the TCM compound has the direct significance.This paper preliminary analyzes and sums up the metabonomics technology applied in TCM compound in recent years by introducing the metabonomics technology briefly,and as the same time sums up the application of metabonomics technology on Chinese medicine compound including efficacy and mechanism,security,compatibility and so on;this paper also summarizes the deficiencies of metabonomics on its application,technical operation is not standard,the connection of pharmacological research and clinical application is weak and so forth,meanwhile,this paper has faith in the development of metabonomics that it will be better to serve TCM compound research.关键词：metabonomics;traditional Chinese medicine compound;efficacy and mechanism;security;compatibility;quality control
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Ginsenoside has a wide range of pharmacological effects.It has obvious pharmacological effects on the central nervous system,cardiovascular system,immune system,blood and hematopoietic system and so on.Dammarane-type ginsenoside is one of the main effective components of Panax ginseng,and it consists of protopanaxadiol type and protopanaxatriol type.Referring to domestic and foreign research reports of dammarane-type ginsenoside in recent decades,we compare and analyze the literature data in aspects of absorption,distribution,metabolism and excretion.The pharmacokinetic data of ginsenoside Rb1,Rg1,Rc,Rd and Re are summarized.The pharmacokinetic profile and feature of dammarane-type ginsenoside are closely related to its chemical structure.There are significant differences between two dammarane ginsenoside types.This paper reviews the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the two dammarane ginsenoside types,in order to provide references for their further studies.关键词：dammarane-type ginsenoside;protopanaxadiol ginsenoside;protopanaxatriol ginsenoside;pharmacokinetic;ginsenoside Rb1;Ginsenoside Rg1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Lespedeza cuneata, a kind of plant of Leguminosae family, is widely distributed in northeast China, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Guizhou in China, with rich resources. This plant has a long medication history in China, and it is commonly used in the aerial parts with the function of heat-clearing and detoxifying, nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting lung, and scattering stasis and detumescence. By accessing CNKI, Wanfang date, SciFinder, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and multiple domestic and foreign databases, recent literature on chemical constituents, biological activity and clinical application L. cuneata were collected and summarized into a review. According to relevant domestic and foreign literature, 65 compounds have been isolated from L. cuneata, including 25 flavonoids, 12 phenolic acids, 8 lignans, 4 monosaccharides, and 16 other chemical constituents. Modern pharmacological research showed that L. cuneata and its chemical constituents showed diverse biological activities, such as hepatoprotective, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and nyctinastic leaf-movement effects. Particularly, flavonoids had a strong pharmacological activity. In addition, L. cuneata has been widely used as a folk medicine to treat diabetes, hematuria, insomnia, infantile malnutrition and other diseases. Based on the domestic and foreign studies on L. cuneata, the recent progress in the research on chemical constituents, biological activities and clinical applications of this plant was reviewed in this paper to provide reference for the further development and comprehensive utilization of L. cuneata medicinal resources.关键词：Lespedeza cuneata;chemical constituents;biological activities;clinical applications
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发布时间：2024-01-04
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