最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 10 ， 2017
- 摘要：Objective: To study content changes of index compositions from Gardeniae Fructus in microwave processing and its correlations with powder color changes,in order to provide scientific basis for quality assessment of its microwave processed products. Method: HPLC was employed to determine the contents of genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside,geniposide,crocin-Ⅰ,crocin-Ⅱ and crocin-Ⅲ with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (containing 0.2% phosphoric acid) for gradient elution and detection wavelengthes of 238,440 nm.The content of total tannin was measured by UV at 760 nm.The correlations between contents of these components and color quantization parameters (L,a and b) were analysed. Result: With the increase of microwave processing time,the temperature gradually increased,the contents of geniposide,crocin-Ⅰ and crocin-Ⅱ decreased;the contents of genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside and crocin-Ⅲ increased slightly at the beginning,and gradually reduced when the temperature exceeded 200 ℃;the content of total tannin increased gradually and reached the highest at 5 min, and then decreased rapidly.The content of geniposide was positively correlated with L,the content of crocin-Ⅰ was positively correlated with a and b. Conclusion: There are correlations between the contents of index components and powder color changes in microwave processing of Gardeniae Fructus.关键词：Gardeniae Fructus;microwave processing;color of powder;geniposide;crocin-Ⅰ;tannin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Based on constituents knock-out strategy,the preliminary recognition of main anti-dysmenorrhea effect components in Cyperi Rhizoma with Jianchangbang processing method was investigated. Method: Silica gel column chrppmatography and preparative HPLC were used,the main active ingredients of anti-dysmenorrha [α-cyperone(A),cyperotundone(B) and sugeonol(C)] in the petroleum ether part of Cyperi Rhizoma were knocked out,according to the method knocked out the component of A,B,C,AB,AC,BC,ABC in sequence,thus got the target components of A+,B+,C+,AB+,AC+,BC+,ABC+and its corresponding negative samples of A-,B-,C-,AB-,AC-,BC-,ABC-.The target compositions and corresponding negative samples were detected by HPLC,through the test of uterine smooth muscle contraction from isolated mouse uterus,to explore influence of various target compositions and corresponding negative sample,petroleum ether on the isolated mouse uterine smooth muscle. Result: Combination of α-cyperone,cyperotundone and sugeonol on the goal of the composition of anti-dysmenorrhea effect was better than separate on the goal of composition;compared with petroleum ether part,anti-dysmenorrhea effect of the negative samples A-,B-,C-decreased obviously;the anti-dysmenorrhea effect of AB+was significantly better than the knocked-out negative sample AB-;the knocked-out negative sample ABC-still remained a certain of anti-dysmenorrhea effect;the summary of average inhibiting rate in each target components and corresponding negative samples were more than in petroleum ether part. Conclusion: Cyperotundone,α-cyperone and sugeonol are anti-dysmenorrhea effect components in Cyperi Rhizoma based on the whole level of traditional Chinese medicine,and there is a synergy relationship among them,but there are other components about anti-dysemenorrhea effect in Cyperi Rhizoma except these three components.There may be an antagonistic effect between target components and corresponding negative samples (mixture of other components).关键词：Cyperi Rhizoma with Jianchangbang processing method;anti-dysmenorrhea;α-cyperone;cyperotundone;sugeonol;constituents knock-out/knock-in
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of different root diameters and section thicknesses on drying efficiency and active components content in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Method: HPLC was used to measure the content of active components in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma under different drying conditions.The chromatographic conditions of liposoluble components was mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2% acetic acid and detection wavelength of 270 nm.The chromatographic conditions of water-soluble components was mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2% formic acid and detection wavelength of 286 nm. Result: The thinner of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma section,the faster of drying process for the same diameter of roots.The content of rosmarinic acid was the highest as the root diameter was 0.3-0.4 cm and the section thickness was 0.2-0.3 cm.The content of salvianolic acid B was the highest as the root diameter was 0.4-0.5 cm and the section thickness was 0.2-0.3 cm.The content of dihydrotanshinone was the highest as the root diameter was 0.4-0.5 cm and the section thickness was 0.1-0.2 cm.The content of cryptotanshinone was the highest as the root diameter was 0.3-0.4 cm and the section thickness was 0.1-0.2 cm.The content of tanshinone Ⅰ and tanshinone ⅡA were the highest as the root diameter was 0.4-0.5 cm and the section thickness was 0.2-0.3 cm. Conclusion: When the root diameter is 0.4-0.5 cm and the section thickness is 0.2-0.3 cm,it can ensure the quality of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma sections to the maximum extent,this study provides a theoretical basis for optimization of its production and drying technology.关键词：Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;drying;root diameter;section thickness;salvianolic acid B;dihydrotanshinone;rosmarinic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: In order to improve the stability and solubility of quercetin,quercetin solid dispersion was prepared with the combination of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) as carriers. Method: The quercetin solid dispersion was prepared by solvent evaporation method.The microscopic structure and physicochemical properties of the solid dispersion were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),in vitro dissolution behavior and stability of the solid dispersion were also investigated by small cup method and stability test,respectively. Result: Quercetin in the solid dispersion was amorphous form in the carriers.The cumulative release rate of quercetin in the solid dispersion [drug-matrix (1:3),PVP-PCC (2:1)]was >90% at 15 min.The stability of quercetin solid dispersion was not affected by light,high humidity and high temperature. Conclusion: Quercetin solid dispersion,prepared by combining PVP with PCC as a hybrid carrier,has an immediate release effect;and it can significantly increase the dissolution behavior of quercetin with good stability.关键词：quercetin;povidone;precipitated calcium carbonate;solid dispersion;in vitro dissolution;stability
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To prepare and characterize polylactic acid (PLA)-α-asarone nanoparticles,then to evaluate the its toxicity to nasal mucosa after intranasal administration. Method: α-Asarone was prepared to PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles by organic solvent evaporation method.The average particle size,drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of α-asarone nanoparticles were used to evaluate process conditions of the nanoparticles.Infrared spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry analysis,X-ray diffraction and in vitro dissolution test were researched to analyze the state of α-asarone in the nanoparticles.Nasal mucosa and mucosa cilia pathological were used to evaluate the nasal mucosal toxicity after nasal administration of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles suspension. Result: The average particle size of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles was 265.4 nm,polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.038,drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were 12.40% and 55.86%,respectively.α-Asarone existed in the nanoparticles in the form of molecular or amorphous state.In vitro release of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles was biphasic dynamics,which included the immediate-release and sustained-release.PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles had no significant toxicity on nasal mucosa. Conclusion: The results of characterization and nasal mucosal toxicity on PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles prepared by organic solvent evaporation method indicate that the preparation is suitable for intranasal administration.关键词：α-asarone;nanoparticles;intranasal administration;nasal mucosal toxicity;solvent evaporation method;encapsulation efficiency;polylactic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the resolvability of chemical constituents in Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex and their effects on heat syndrome rats. Method: We split the chemical constituents in Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex with 95% ethanol extraction,ethyl acetate extraction,macroporous resin and cation exchange resin separation.We established the total ion current fingerprint of these chemical constituents by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS for principal component analysis (PCA).We observed effect of the spilt components in Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex on central nervous system neurotransmitter and energy metabolism of heat syndrome rats induced by levothyroxine sodium tablets. Result: The chemical constituents in Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex were split three components,namely,alkaloid component,non-alkaloid component and ethyl acetate component,their yields were 0.65%,4.70% and 2.50%.The chemical components in Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex were proved basically no cross by PCA.The chemical components in Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex should decrease the contents of neurotransmitters,hormones and enzymes related to central neurotransmitters and energy metabolism in the serum and liver of heat syndrome rats with different degrees. Conclusion: The material basis of ‘cold’ nature of Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex are mianly for alkaloid component and ethyl acetate component.关键词：Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex;chemical resolution component;UPLC-Q-TOF/MS;heat syndrome;levothyroxine sodium tablets;alkaloids
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the accumulation of main secondary metabolites in leaves and stems of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem. Method: The contents of polyphyllin Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅵ and Ⅶ in the leaves and stems of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem were determined by HPLC.One-way ANOVA,cluster analysis and HPLC analysis were used to evaluate the accumulation of its secondary metabolites. Result: There were significant differences in the contents of polyphyllin Ⅱ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ and their total content in the leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem;in addition to individual populations,polyphyllin Ⅶ content had a certain difference in the stems of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem.Polyphyllin Ⅱ and polyphyllin Ⅶ were mainly detected in the leaves,and only polyphyllin Ⅶ was detected in the stems.The similarity of HPLC were low both in the leaves and stems of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem and P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.Six populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem had reached the standard of the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia in the total content of polyphyllin Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅵ and Ⅶ. Conclusion: There are some differences in accumulation of main secondary metabolites in the leaves and stems between P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem and P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis,but the contents of active substances is higher in the former.This study provides a scientific basis for development and utilization of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem.关键词：Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis;Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis with multi-stem;stems and leaves;polyphyllin;similarity;secondary metabolites
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of HgCl2 pollution on the physiological status and bufadienolides level of toad by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and provide references for quality evaluation of Chinese medicine venenum bufonis. Method: The different concentrations of HgCl2 solution (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 g·L-1) were prepared to treat the toad with semi-static water method, and then their physiological status was observed. Venenum bufonis was collected after 30 days. Furthermore, ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the level of bufadienolides in toad venom and HemI heat map software was used for data analysis. Result: The results showed that HgCl2 solution could significantly influence the bufadienolides level. As compared with normal group, 20 kinds of bufadienolides were up-regulated in low concentration (0.5 g·L-1) Hg2+ exposure group, and there were 12 kinds of bufadienolides with 1.5 fold change. However, 15 kinds of bufadienolides in 0.75 g·L-1 Hg2+ exposure group and 13 kinds in 1.0 g·L-1 Hg2+ exposure group were down-regulated, and most of them were medium and low fat-soluble toad steroids (bufarenogin, dehydrated cinobufagin, etc.). Conclusion: These illustrated that Hg2+ exposure could affect the levels of bufadienolides in toad venom, showing an obvious decrease tendency with the increase of HgCl2 solution concentration.关键词：Hg2+;LC-MS/MS;bufadienolides;Bufo bufo gargarizans;secrete Bufonis Venenum
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a quantitative analysis for the determination of the six components in Congrong Zonggan capsule based on multi-components with a single-marker (QAMS) method and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and compare with the standard curve method, in order to evaluate the adaptation and application of QAMS method in the quality control of Congrong Zonggan capsule. Method: Chrlorogenic acid and acteoside were used as the internal reference substances. The relative correlation factors (RCF) of caffeic acid with chrlorogenic acid, as well as tubuloside A, isoacteoside and echinacoside with acteoside were calculated and established. At the same time, the durability of each RCF was investigated. The results were compared with those obtained by the standard curve method, in order to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the method. Result: Within the linear ranges, the RCF values of chlorogenic acid with caffeic acid was 0.538, and that of acteoside with tubuloside A, isoacteoside and echinacoside were 1.346, 1.266 and 1.135, respectively. The durability of each RCF was good. The two methods showed no significant difference in assay results for the 10 batches of samples. The obtained RCF was credible. Conclusion: The QAMS method is feasible and credible, and could be used to determine the multiple components in Congrong Zonggan capsule.关键词：quantitative analysis of multi-components with a single-marker;Congrong Zonggan capsule;chrlorogenic acid;acteoside;UPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a method of fingerprint analysis on Polygoni Multipiori Caulis formula granules by HPLC, identify the main chemical compounds, and provide a reference for their quality control. Method: The HPLC method was used to determine the HPLC fingerprint of fifteen batches of Polygoni Multipiori Caulis formula granules from different manufacturers. The analysis was performed on a Waters XBridgeTM shield RP18 C18 column with acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1; the detection wavelength was 271 nm; the column temperature was 30 ℃; and the injection volume was 15 μL. Result: The fingerprint of Polygoni Multipiori Caulis formula granules was established, and the results were calculated according to Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint. With the analysis of the HPLC fingerprints, totally eight common peaks were found, including six identified peaks for gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin, and physcion. Good similarities were found in the established fingerprint through similarity analysis and the resolution was good. Main characteristic peaks were also determined, and the similarities of the chromatograms were all larger than 0.86, which can realize comprehensive and overall evaluation of its chemical compositions and better control the quality. Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate with good reproducibility, which may provide the reference for quality control and evaluation of Polygoni Multipiori Caulis formula granules.关键词：Polygoni Multipiori Caulis formula granules;HPLC;fingerprint;2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxys-tilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a HPLC-QQQ-MS method for simultaneous determination of six alkaloids in processed Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia from Fuzi Lizhong Wan. Method: Thermo Accucore column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.6 μm) was adopted and eluted with mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in water-0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile, with a flow rate at 0.3 mL·min-1. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The detection was accomplished in the positive ionization mode with scanning viaelectrospray ionization (ESI), the scanning mode was multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM). According to the quantitative analysis, the ions were benzoylmesaconine m/z 105.0, benzoylaconitine m/z 105.0, benzoylhypaconitine m/z 542.3, mesaconitine m/z 572.3, aconitine m/z 586.3 and hypaconitine m/z 556.3. Result: Benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconitine, benzoylhypaconitine, mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine had a good linearity in the ranges of 0.184 80-1.848 ng (r=0.999 6), 0.035 36-0.353 6 ng (r=0.999 6), 0.129 60-1.296 0 ng (r=0.999 8), 0.011 65-0.116 5 ng (r=0.999 8), 0.002 95-0.029 5 ng (r=0.999 8), 0.036 96-0.369 6 ng (r=0.999 8), respectively. The recoveries for the six analytes were between 91.93% and 106.70%, with RSD less than 6%. Conclusion: This method is simple, accurate, sensitive and repeatable, and can be used to determine content of alkaloids in processed Aconiti Lateralis Radix praeparaia from Fuzi Lizhong Wan.关键词：HPLC-QQQ-MS;Fuzi Lizhong Wan;content determination;alkaloid;processed Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparaia
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a GC chromatographic fingerprint analysis method of volatile components in Tibetan medicine Zhenzhu pills (Ershiwuwei Zhenzhu Wan and Qishiwei Zhenzhu pills), initially determine the properties of their part components, and provide experimental basis for quality control. Method: Agilent DB-1 capillary column (0.25 mm×30 m, 0.25 μm) was used. The injection port temperature was 200 ℃; while the FID detector temperature was 320 ℃. The temperature program was as follows: the initial column temperature was 60 ℃, maintained for 1 min; then 4 ℃·min-1 up to 90 ℃, maintained for 1 min; 2 ℃·min-1 up to 110 ℃, maintained for 10 min; 2.5 ℃·min-1 up to 200 ℃, maintained for 5 min; and finally 5 ℃·min-1 up to 280 ℃, maintained for 8 min. The carrier gas was nitrogen and its flow rate was 3 mL·min-1, with a diversion ratio of 5:1. Result: In all common peaks in the GC characteristic chromatogram, all of their precision, stability and repeatability met the requirements (RSD< 5.0%). Analysis of similarity showed small differences in the chemical compositions from various batches of samples, but the difference in the contents and proportion of chemical compositions were obvious. Conclusion: The established GC chromatographic fingerprint method was in good separation, and can be used as a quality control method for Tibetan medicine Zhenzhu pills.关键词：Zhenzhu pills series products;Ershiwuwei Zhenzhu Wan;Qishiwei Zhenzhu pills;GC characteristic chromatogram;quality evaluation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize formula of Bixie Fenqing rectal gel and compare its pharmacokinetics after oral and rectal administration in rabbits. Method: Taking appearance,uniformity,viscosity and pH value as indexes,the amount of carbomer 940,dosage ratio of glycerol and propylene glycol,the amount of NaOH were independent variables,uniform design-response surface methodology was adopted to optimize formulation of the rectal gel.Concentration of glycyrrhetic acid in the plasma was detected by HPLC after oral and rectal administration,3P97 software was employed to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluate the pharmacokinetic behavior. Result: The best formula was as following: 1.5% of carbomer 940,8% of glycerol and 2% of propylene glycol,1% of NaOH,0.03% of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate.The main pharmacokinetic parameters after rectal administration were as follows: Cmax of (35.144 7±5.272 4) mg·L-1,Tmax of (27.114 6±13.358 7) min,AUC0-6 h of (5 125.468 5±368.745 9) mg·min·L-1. Conclusion: This established mathematical model has good prediction,the appearance of Bixie Fenqing rectal gel is exquisite,its viscosity is suitable,its main components are absorbed rapidly with high bioavailability.关键词：Bixie Fenqing Yin;gel;carbomer;rectal administration;pharmacokinetics;glycyrrhetic acid;methyltestosterone
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To clarify the anti-ulcer chemical compositions of bupleurum saponins and explore the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of bupleurum saponins for curing gastric ulcer, which could lay an experimental basis for exploring its effective substance and mechanism action. Method: High resolution mass spectrometry, first and secondary mass spectrometry method were used to explore the chemical compositions of bupleurum saponins, and at the same time, the blood of SD rats on different time points after orally administration of bupleurum saponins extract (300 mg·kg-1) was taken. HPLC method was used to determinate the blood drug concentration of bupleurum saponins B2 and bupleurum saponins D; the time-effectiveness correlation between bupleurum saponins B2 and D concentrations and the proliferation rate of human gastric epithelial cells in vitro, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was analyzed; and the characteristics of effect and the possible mechanism of bupleurum saponins were evaluated. Result: The main anti-ulcer chemical compositions of bupleurum saponins were saikosaponin A, D, B2, I, E, prosaikogenin D, F, and G. Bupleurum saponins drug-containing plasma and the proliferation rate of human gastric mucosa epithelial cells presented a good correlation, showing a certain time-effect relationship with MDA and SOD levels in blood. Conclusion: This study has clarified the anti-ulcer chemical compositions of bupleurum saponins, explored the correlation between the components absorbed in blood and the efficacy, and its mechanism may be associated with MDA, SOD protein regulation.关键词：bupleurum saponin;GES-1;efficacy composition;malondialdehyde;superoxide dismutase
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of Shuanghuang Tiaozhi prescription in vivo and in vitro, in order to explore its lipid-lowering mechanism. Method: KM mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, positive drug group (Xuezhikang, 0.6 g·kg-1), high and low-dose Shuanghuang Tiaozhi prescription groups (22.5, 7.5 g·kg-1). The effects of Shuanghuang Tiaozhi prescription on hyperlipidemic rat models induced by Triton-WR 1339 were studied. Based on the experiment in vivo, the effects of curcumin, berberine and puerarincan on the contents of cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R), cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid (OA) were studied to explore the ways of reducing blood lipid. Result: Compared with normal control group, serum CHO and TG content of model mice were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, high-dose Shuanghuang Tiaozhi prescription (22.5 g·kg-1) can significantly decrease serum CHO and TG content of model mice (P<0.05, P<0.01). In vitro, compared with normal control group, CHO, TG and HMG-CoA reductase content of model cells significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), HDL-C, LDL-R, CYP7A and LPL content of model cells were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with model group, high-dose curcumin (10 mg·L-1) can significantly increase HDL-C, LDL-R, LPL content and decrease TG, HMG-CoA content in model cells (P<0.05, P<0.01); high-dose berberine (40 g·L-1) can significantly increase CHO, HDL-C, LDL-R, CYP7A1 content in model cells (P<0.05, P<0.01); high-dose puerarincan (300 mg·L-1) can significantly increase HDL-C, LDL-R, CYP7A1, LPL content and decrease CHO, TG, HMG-CoA content in model cells (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Shuanghuang Tiaozhi prescription can reduce blood lipid by inhibiting endogenous cholesterol synthesis, promoting RCT and LDL receptor pathway, cholesterol transformation and degradation of triglyceride.关键词：Shuanghuang Tiaozhi prescription;HepG2;cholesterol(CHO) metabolism;triglyceride(TG) metabolism;lipid-lowering mechanism
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of Shenlian (SL) extract on inflammatory regulation. Method: The models of inflammation based on peritoneal macrophages and Raw264.7 cells were established by being induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Treatment groups were given SL extract (5, 10, 20 mg·L-1) for 24 h. The blank group was also set up. The protein and mRNA content of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PCR (Real-time PCR); p65 in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) protein expression were detected by Western blot, and subcellular location of Raw264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophage NF-κB-p65 was determined by immunofluorescence. Result: Compared with the blank group, the model group showed significant increases in Raw264.7 and macrophage TNF-α, IL-1β content and mRNA expressions, Raw264.7 p-p65/p65 protein expression (P<0.01). According to the immunofluorescence assay, the model group showed obvious nuclear import of Raw264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Compared with the model group, low, medium and high-dose SL extract groups showed significant decreases in Raw264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophage Raw264.7 and peritoneal macrophage TNF-α, IL-1β content and mRNA expressions(P<0.05,P<0.01), and Raw264.7 p-p65 protein expression(P<0.01). And the medium-dose SL extract group showed an obvious weak nuclear import of Raw264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Conclusion: SL extract can inhibit the inflammatory reaction of macrophages. Its mechanism may be related to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB signaling pathways in macrophages.关键词：Shenlian extract;nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB);inflammation;macrophage
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish animal models of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency that were suitable for activity discovery of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds, efficacy evaluation, new drug research and development and correspondence between formula and syndrome of TCM. Method: A syndrome scoring table that was suitable for evaluating the rat models was established according to the evolution laws of etiology and pathogenesis of TCM and the modern clinical pathological mechanism. At the same time, bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills were selected as drug counterevidence for the models. Rats in model groups were given different proportions of high-fat and low-protein fodder and different concentrations of alcohol every day, and intraperitoneally injected with pig serum twice a week. Drug groups were given with respectively bifendate pills and Sanqi Zhigan pills (8.1 mg·kg-1, 2.7 g·kg-1) for 14 consecutive days. General status, weight, daily appetite and water quantity of the animals were observed during the experiment, and TCM syndromes were scored. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamine transpeptidase (γ-GT), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum were detected. And the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed after the experiment. Result: Compared with normal group, body weight, daily food and water intake of rats increased slowly in model group, and the contents of ALT, AST, γ-GT, TC, TG and LDL-C increased significantly, while the level of HDL-C decreased. Pathological examination showed that fatty degeneration and fat granule were observed in hepatocytes of rats in model group. Behavioral observation found that main syndromes and minor symptoms of rats in model group conformed to the syndrome manifestation of liver depression and spleen deficiency, which suggested that the three model groups were established successfully. Among them, three rats died in model group 1, and one rat died in model group 2. All the above lesions manifestation can be alleviated by drug counterevidence. Conclusion: The animal model of fatty liver due to liver depression and spleen deficiency shows an obviously lower mortality and shorter duration, and can be used for research of correlation between prescription and syndrome and its mechanism.关键词：Fatty liver;liver depression and spleen deficiency;animal model;toxicity
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the toxicity of triptolide on HepG2 cells and its modulating effects on autophagy. Method: HepG2 cells were cultured in vitro, and triptolide with the concentrations of 0.003 2, 0.016, 0.08, 0.4, 2 g·L-1 were added into the cells for 48 h. Compared with the control group, the cells viability was detected by MTT assay, ELISA methods was used to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, the expressions of the autophagy-related protein LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1 were detected by Western blot, and the expression of the autophagy-related protein LC3 was detected by immunofluorescence. Result: Compared with the control group, with the increase in the dose of triptolide, the HepG2 activity was decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); the levels of SOD and GSH-Px expressions were lower than the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01); the expressions of autophagy-related protein LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1 were detected by Western blot (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3 was also detected by immunofluorescence in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Certain concentrations of triptolide could cause hepatotoxicity, which was related to peroxidation and overactivating autophagy caused peroxidation.关键词：triptolide;HepG2 cells;autophagy;hepatotoxicity;peroxidative damage
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the mechanism of centella asiatica alcohol extract on hepatic insulin resistance of Zucker diabetes fatty(ZDF) rats. Method: Six male (fa/+) ZDF rats were selected as control group, and 18 modeled male (fa/fa) ZDF rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely model group (normal saline 10 ml·kg-1), metformin group (0.18 g·kg-1·d-1) and centella asiatica group (0.1 g·kg-1·d-1) based on body weight and random blood glucose. Body weight, random blood glucose and fasting blood glucose were monitored every two weeks. Materials were collected six weeks later to measure the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting serum insulin, and calculate insulin resistance index homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Gene expressions of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in the liver were detected by Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Protein expressions of PDK1 and IRS2 were observed by immuno-histochemical method. Result: The administration groups could significantly improve weight, random blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin and insulin resistance index of (fa/fa) ZDF rats (P<0.01). Compared with model group, IRS2, PDK1 and GLUT2 mRNA expressions and PDK1 and IRS2 protein expressions of centella asiatica group increased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Centella asiatica alcohol extract can effectively improve the hepatic insulin resistance of (fa/fa) ZDF rats. Its mechanism may be related to expressions of IRS2, PDK1 in insulin signaling pathway and glucose transporter GLUT2.关键词：centella asiatica alcohol extract;type 2 diabetes;ZDF rats;liver;insulin resistance
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of tetrandrine on proliferation and apoptosis in multiple myeloma stem cells. Method: Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the survival of cancer cell. Flow cytometer was used to detect the cell circles and apoptotic induced by tetrandrine. Western blot were used to detect the activity of cleaved-Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-9. Result: Compared with blank group and solution group, 10, 20, 30, 40 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine treatment for 6, 12, 24 h could significantly inhibit the proliferation of CD138-B cells (P<0.01). Compared with blank group and solution group, the cells in G0/G1 phase increased significantly (P<0.01), and the cells in S phase significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), when being treated with 30, 40 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine. The apoptotic rate increased significantly at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40 μmol·L-1of tetrandrine (P<0.01). Compared with blank group and solution group, the expression of cleaved-Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-9 protein was significantly increased after being treated with 20, 30, 40 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine (P<0.01), the expression of cleaved-Caspase-3 protein was significantly increased when being treated with 10 μmol·L-1 tetrandrine (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tetrandrine can arrest CD138-B cell line in the G0/G1 phase, inhibit the cell survival, and enhance CD138-B cell apoptosis by promoting the activity of cleaved-Caspase-3, cleaved-Caspase-9.关键词：tetrandrine;multiple myeloma stem cell;cell proliferation;apoptosis;cleaved-Caspase
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of flavonoids from Psidium guajava leaves on pancreatic duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1), neurogenin 3 (Ngn3), NK6 transcription factor-related locus 1 (Nkx6.1) expression in pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, and explore the mechanism of pancreatic islets regeneration. Method: Diabetic mouse were randomly divided into model group and treatment groups, the latter included P. guajava leaves flavonoids low and high-dose groups and metformin group, and the other 10 normal mice were included into normal group. P. guajava leaves flavonoids low and high-dose groups were administered intragastrically with the doses of 0.198, 0.396 g·kg-1·d-1, metformin was 0.087 5 g·kg-1·d-1, and normal group and model group were administered intragastrically with the same volume of distilled water. After two weeks of administration, fasting blood glucose and weight were measured. Pancreatic tissue was sliced, and observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. And Real-time PCR was used to investigate the mRNA expressions of PDX-1, Ngn3, Nkx6.1. Result: Compared with normal group, the expressions of PDX-1, Ngn3 and Nkx6.1 were decreased in pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic mice (P<0. 05). Compared with model group, the expressions of PDX-1, Ngn3 and Nkx6.1 were increased in P. guajava leaves flavonoids low and high-dose groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: P. guajava leaves flavonoids can increase the expressions of PDX-1, Ngn3, Nkx6.1 in the pancreatic tissues in mouse with diabetes mellitus. Its mechanism of pancreatic islets β cell regeneration may be related to the increase in expressions of PDX-1, Ngn3, Nkx6.1.关键词：total flavonoids from Psidium guajava leaves;diabetes mellitus;pancreatic islets regeneration;pancreatic duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1);neurogenin 3 (Ngn3);NK6 transcription factor related locus 1 (Nkx6.1)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of combined administration of Rhei Radixet Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex in treating acute pancreatitis(AP)rats and its possible mechanism. Method: The SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, including sham-operated group, model group and six treatment groups(C-H). The rat model of acute pancreatitis was established by the retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate. At 15 min after injection, the rats were given drugs. Abdominalaortic blood was collected at 24 hours for determing serum amylase, pancreatic lipase,interleukelin-6(IL-6), IL-10 and tumor necrosis fuctor-α(TNF-α) content. Pancreasand lung tissues were sent tothepathological examination. Western blot method was used for detecting nucleax factor-κB(NF-κB) protein expression in lung tissues. Result: Compared with model group, amylase, pancreatic lipase, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB protein expression in lung tissues in treatment groups were significantly decreased (P< 0.01,P< 0.05). But the IL-10 was significantly decreased (P< 0.01) only in group H. The pancreas in model group rats showed large necrosis and unclear structures of pancreatic acinar, and notably smaller alveolar cavity, alveolar epithelial hyperplasia and significantly increased interval.This situation had been greatly alleviated in treatment groups. Besides, NF-κB protein expression in lung tissues of treatment groups was remarkably lower than model group. Conclusion: Components in Rhei Radixet Rhizoma and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex have an effect in treating acute pancreatitis, and its mechanism may be related to NF-κB protein regulation and inflammatory cytokines mediation.关键词：acute pancreatitis;rheum emodin;aloe-emodin;magnolol;honokiol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of different concentrations of ursolic acid (UA) on cholesterol efflux and peroxisome proliferatros activated receptor -γ (PPAR-γ) transporter expression in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells, and its possible mechanism. Method: RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured in vitro and incubated with 20 mg·L-1 oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) for 48 hours to induce foam cells. Oil red O staining was used to identify morphological changes of foam cells. The mRNA and protein expressions of PPAR-γ were detected by Real-time polyerse chinrection (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: Macrophages were transformed into foam cells by being induced with ox-LDL for 48 h. Compared with the blank group, the cholesterol efflux rate of foamed cells in the UA intervention group increased at concentrations of 10,15,20,25 mg·L-1(P<0.01), and were dose-dependently within a certain concentration range. At concentrations of 10,15, 20,25 mg·L-1,the protein expression of PPAR-γ mRNA in foam cells in the UA intervention group was up-regulated(P<0.01), and wasdose-dependently within a certain concentration range. The protein expression of PPAR-γ in foam cells of UA treated at concentrations of 10,15,20,25 mg·L-1 increased (P<0.01), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: After 20 mg·L-1ox-LDL induced macrophages are differentiated into foam cells, a large number of intracellular lipid increases, and UA promotes macrophage cholesterol efflux, which may be related to increase in intracellular expression of PPAR-γ.关键词：ursolic acid;atherosclerosis;RAW264.7 macrophage;cholesterol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Chaiyue decoction on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of model in rats with chronic stress depression model, in order to provide the theoretical basis for clinical medication. Method: Sixty healthy male Wistar rats were used as experimental animals, all of which were fed for 7 days and then randomly divided into six groups, namely normal control group, disease model group, positive control group, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) groups (including Chaiyue decoction group, Xiao Chaihutang group, and Yuejuwan group). Except for the normal control group, all of the other groups were provided with isolated supporting and different chronic unpredictable moderate stressors for 21 days, in order to establish the depression model. After modeling, the rats were administered with clinic equivalent doses of drugs for 21 days. The changes in weight, sugar consumption experiment and open field test were observed for behavioral evaluation. The pathological changes in hippocampus, the changes in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT), the expression of GR and MR in hippocampus were detected to explore Chaiyue decoction's anti-depression effect. Result: Compared to the model group, all of TCM groups can significantly increase body weight, behavior number scores and sugar consumption (P<0.05), and reverse ACTH and CORT level and up-regulate GR in hippocampus, but with no impact on MR protein. Chaiyue decoction group showed the best effect in TCM groups. Conclusion: Chaiyue decoction has a good antidepressant effect, while the effect of its separated prescriptions (Chaiyue decoction and Yuejuwan) is decreased. Its action mechanism may be related to increase in the expression of GR in hippocampus and decrease in plasma ACTH and serum CORT content, which can resist depression.关键词：Chaiyue decoction;depression;hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of modified Erchentang on expression of Smad3, 4, 6, 7 genes in the lung tissue of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, and low, middle and high-dose modified Erchentang groups (5, 10, 20 g·kg-1·d-1). COPD model in rats was prepared by using cigarette smoke and dripping lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in trachea. After the modeling, normal and model groups were given normal saline solution through intragastric administration, while other groups were given corresponding herbal drugs intragastrically (5, 10.20 g·kg-1·d-1) for 14 days. The pulmonary function was evaluated [forced vital capacity (FVC), at the end of the first seconds forced expiratory volume (FEV1)]. The expressions of Smad3, Smad4, Smad6 and Smad7 mRNA were detected by quantitative real time PCR (Real-time PCR) method, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) method was used to detect the expression of Smad3, Smad4, Smad6, Smad7, TGF-β1 and it's receptor (TGF-beta RI) protein in the lung tissue of all of the groups. Result: Compared with normal group, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC of the model group were decreased significantly (P<0.01); the expression of Smad3 and Smad4 mRNA and was increased (P<0.05), the expression of Smad4 and Smad3 protein was incr eased significantly (P<0.01), the expression of Smad6 and Smad7 mRNA was decreased (P<0.05), the expression of Smad7 and Smad6 protein was decreased significantly (P<0.01) in model group. Compared with model group, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC index were increased significantly (P<0.01), the expression of Smad3 and Smad4 mRNA was decreased (P<0.05), the expression of Smad3 and Smad4 protein was decreased significantly (P<0.01), but the expression of Smad6 and Smad7 mRNA was increased (P<0.05), Smad6 and Smad7 protein was increased significantly (P<0.01), in modified Erchentang of 10 g·kg-1·d-1 and 20 g·kg-1·d-1groups. Conclusion: Modified Erchentang can effectively inhibit bronchial remodeling, and improve pulmonary ventilation of COPD. Its mechanism may be correlated with reduction of Smad3 gene expression, increase of the expression of Smad6 and Smad7 genes, coordination of Smad4 gene expression and inhibition of the expression of bronchioles and pulmonary tissue remodeling.关键词：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD);modified Erchentang;signal trnsduction;Smads
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of modified Erchentang on gene expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and its receptor TGF-βRⅡ in lung tissue, the expression of mRNA and activity of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in peripheral blood mononuclerar cells (PBMCs) of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: The method of smoke combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to prepare COPD model in rats. The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, high, middle and low-dose modified Erchentang groups (20,10,5 g·kg-1). Normal group and model group were orally given normal saline (10 g·kg-1), and high, middle and low-dose modified Erchentang groups were orally given the drug for consecutively 14 days. The activity of HDAC2 was determinate by Enzyme-linked immune fluorescence. Euzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of TGF-β1 in lung homogenates and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in peripheral blood mononuclerarcells (PBMCs) of all groups before and after treatment. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (Real-time PCR) method was used to detect the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and HDAC2 mRNA. Immunohistochemical (IHC) detection was performed for the expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-βRⅡ protein in lung tissues. Result: Compared with the normal group, the levels of TGF-β1 was significantly increased (P<0.05), expression of TGF-β1 mRNA, and TGF-β1 and TGF-βRⅡ protein expressions in lung homogenates were significantly higher (P<0.01), while the expression of mRNA, content and activity of HDAC2 in PBMCs were decreased significantly in model group, with statistically significant differences. Compared with the model group, expressions of TGF-β1 mRNA (P<0.01) and TGF-βRⅡ protein in lung tissue of the rats treated with high and middle-dose modified Erchentang(20,10 g·kg-1) were decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01), TGF-β1 and TGF-βRⅡ protein expressions were lower than model group (P<0.01), the expression of HDAC2 mRNA, content and activity of HDAC2 were higher significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01), with statistical significance and obvious improvement in lung tissue structures. Conclusion: Modified Erchentang has an anti-inflammatory effect on COPD. Its mechanism may be correlated with inhibition of expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β receptor Ⅱ genes, improvement of the expression and activity of HDAC2 in PBMCs, and inhibition of the inflammatory response.关键词：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD);lung function;modified Erchentang;transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1);histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of modified Erchentang on lung function, oxidative stress, Hif-1α and Sirtuins1 (Sirt1) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in order to evaluate the effect and mechanism of modified Erchentang on oxidative damage and anti-inflammation in patients of COPD. Method: A multicenter, randomized single blind and placebo-controlled study was carried out. Totally 120 cases of COPD patients in acute exacerbation stage and 120 cases patients in stable stage were selected. Patients were randomly divided into modified Erchentang group and placebo-controlled group. In addition to the western medicine, modified Erchentang was additionally used in modified Erchentang group, and placebo was additionally used in control group for 14 days. The lung function was detected, and pH, PaO2, PCO2 and SaO2were measured. Ultraviolet spectrophotometer was used to detect glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA). Euzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients plasma of all groups before and after treatment. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expressions of Hif-1α and Sirt-1 mRNA, and content of Hif-1α and Sirt-1 in PBMCs was measured by ELISA method. The activity of Sirt1 was determinate by Enzyme-linked immune fluorescence. Result: Compared with the control group, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1%), PaO2, SaO2, SOD, GSH-Px, the activity of Sirt1 in treatment group were higher significantly. However, the levels of PCO2, MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP in plasma, the total number of neutrophils, inflammatory cells, the expressions of Hif-1α mRNA and the content of Hif-1α were significantly lower in COPD treatment group with modified Erchentang in acute exacerbation and stable stages than those in control group. Conclusion: Modified Erchentang has anti-oxidative damage and anti-inflammatory effect on COPD. It may weaken the oxidation damage, reduce levels of inflammation medium IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and CRP, prevent inflammatory progress, adjust the expressions of Hif-1α and Sirt-1 mRNA, so as to treat COPD and improve the structure and function of the lung through multiple targets and in multiple ways.关键词：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD);pulmonary function;oxidative stress;Erchentang;hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIf-1α);Sirtuins1 (Sir1)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study of the effect and mechanism of modified Erchentang on Clara cell protein (CC16), pulmonary surfactant associated protein-D (SP-D), histone acetyl transferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) in patients at acute aggravating stage of COPD. Method: Totally 200 cases at acute exacerbation period of COPD (AECOPD) were randomly divided into modified Erchentang group and placebo-controlled group, with 100 cases in each group. In addition to western drugs, modified Erchentang was also used in the modified Erchentang group, and placebo was also used in control group for 14 days. Their pulmonary function was detected, and euzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-17 (IL-17), CC16, SP-D, HDAC1 and HAD2 in plasma and exhaled breath condensate of all groups. The activities of HAT and HDAC were determinate by enzyme-linked immune fluorescence. Result: The activity of HDAC2 was higher significantly, but the levels of CRP, IL-17, CC16 and SP-D (P<0.05, P<0.01) in plasma and exhaled breath condensate, and the activity of HAT were significantly decreased in treatment group with modified Erchentang, compared with those in control group. Conclusion: Modified Erchentang may have an effect on COPD by adjusting the HAT/HDAC, reducing levels of CRP, IL-17, CC16 and SP-D, preventing inflammation progress and improving the structure and function of respiratory system and lungs.关键词：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD);Erchentang;Clara cell protein (CC16);pulmonary surfactant associated protein-D(SP-D);histone acetyl transferase (HAT);histone deacetylase (HDAC)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect and mechanism of modified Erchentang on immune function, chemoattractant cytokine 18 (CCL18), interleukin-8 (IL-8), clara cell protein (CC16) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (sICAM-1) in patients at acute exacerbation stage of COPD (AECOPD). Method: Totally 120 cases of elder AECOPD patients were randomly divided into modified Erchentang group and placebo-controlled group, with 60 cases in each group. In addition to western drugs, modified Erchentang was also used in modified Erchentang group, and placebo was also used in control group for 14 days. Their pulmonary function was detected, and euzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of CCL18, CC16, IL-8 and sICAM-1 in patients' plasma and exhaled breath condensate of all groups before and after treatment. Result: Compared with control group, treatment group showed increases in total effective rate (P<0.05), and FEV1 and FEV1% (P<0.01), but decreases in total inflammatory cell counts, neutrophil counts, monocytes and lymphocytes (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the group showed no significant difference in IgG, IgA, IgM, increases in CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and decreases in CD8+, CCL18, CC16, IL-8, sICAM-1, CCL18 and CC16 in EBC (P<0.05). Conclusion: Modified Erchentang has an anti-inflammatory effect on AECOPD by reducing level of inflammation medium CCL18, CC16, IL-8 and sICAM-1, preventing inflammation progress and adjusting the immune function.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of Yifei Xuanfei decoction on inflammatory cytokines of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at acute exacerbation stage based on the thought of strengthening Yang. Method: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at acute exacerbation stage who were hospitalized from January 2015 to June 2016 were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, with 60 patients in each group. Control group received routine therapy for anti-infection, eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma. In addition to the therapy, treatment group was also given Yifei Xuanfei decoction. Before and after the treatment, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%), FEV1/FVC, hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), equivalent Series Resistance (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), syndrome score of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the recurrence rate were detected. Result: The efficiency of two groups had no significant difference. Before and after the treatment, two groups showed significant reductions in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC(P<0.05), with no statistically significant difference. Before and after the treatment, two groups showed significant reductions in hs-CRP, ESR, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-alpha and comparison of TCM syndrome score (P<0.05). The difference between groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Yifei Xuanfei decoction could down-regulate inflammatory factors, improve disease symptom and reduce the recurrence rate, with a considerable clinical efficacy and long-term efficacy.关键词：strengthening Yang;Yifei Xuanfei decoction;chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;forced vital capacity (FVC);forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1);hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP);interleukin (IL)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of Shenkangning capsules in treating diabetic nephropathy (Qi deficiency of spleen and kidney) and investigate their effects on levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Method: Altogether one hundred and thirty-eight patients were randomly divided into control group (69 cases) and observation group (69 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group orally took telmisartan tablets, 1 tablet/day, atorvastatin calcium tablets, 10 mg/day. Based on the treatment in control group, patients in observation group added Shenkangning capsules, 4 capsules/time, 3 times/day. The treatment course was 24 weeks for both groups, with a follow-up of 24 weeks. The number of patients entering Stage V, or the endpoint events such as serum creatinine (SCr) doubling were recorded during treatment period and follow-up period. The levels of fasting blood-glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), hemoglobin (Hb), plasma-albumin (ALB), urine protein quantitation at 24 hours (24 h Upr), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected before and after treatment. The scores of qi deficiency of spleen and kidney were graded.And levels of TGF-β1, NF-κB and PDGF were detected both before and after treatment. Result: The total effective rate of clinical efficacy was 78.26% in observation group, higher than 57.97% in control group (χ2=6.539, P<0.05). The effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms was 85.51% in observation group, higher than 65.22% in control group (χ2=7.649, P<0.01). The incidence of endpoint events was 15.94% in observation group, lower than 33.33% in control group (χ2=5.619, P<0.05). Levels of HbAlc, 24 h Upr, BUN, Scr and LDL-C in observation group were lower than those in control group after treatment (P<0.01). Levels of Hb, ALB and HDL-C were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Levels of TC and TG had no statistically significant difference between two groups. Levels of TGF-β1, NF-κB and PDG in observation group were lower than those in control group after treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion: Based on the conventional western medicine therapy, Shenkangning capsules can ameliorate symptoms of Qi deficiency of spleen and kidney, decrease albuminuria, regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, ameliorate patients' nutritional status, and reduce the incidence of endpoints events to delay the disease development on patients at DKD Ⅳ, and the mechanism of action may be associated with down-regulating the levels of TGF-β1, PDGF and NF-κB.关键词：diabetic nephropathy Ⅳ;Shenkangning capsules;endpoint events;transcription factor;transforming growth factor-β1;platelet-derived growth factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Xuebijing injection combined with dialectical therapy of Qingwen Baiduyin and Lianggesan on inflammatory response, intestinal barrier function, coagulation and blood rheology of patients with severe heat poisoning syndrome of sepsis, in order to discuss the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on prognosis of patients with symptoms of heat poisoning. Method: Altogether one hundred and eighteen patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group took early goal-directed fluid resuscitation, anti-infection, mechanical ventilation, nutritional support therapy, blood sugar control, prevention of stress ulcers, inhibition of capillary thrombosis, correction of electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance and other comprehensive intervention measures. In addition to the therapy of control group, observation group was also given Xuebijing injection dissolved in 250 mL of 5% dextrose injection, intravenous drip, 100 mg/time, 2 times/day. And Qingwen Baiduyin and Lianggesan for oral or via gastric tube, 1 dose/day. The course of treatment for both of the groups is 7 d. Acute physiology and chronic health scoring (APACHEII), infection related organ failure estimation (SOFA) and serum procalcitonin (PCT) were adopted as prognostic indicators. And levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), inflammatory factor, prothrombin time (PT), plasma thrombin time (TT), partial prothrombin time (APTT), D-dimer (D-D), platelets (PLT), Fibrin (FIB) and hemorheology index were detected. Endotoxin and serum D-lactic acid were taken as intestinal barrier function indexes. Mortality rate within 14 days were recorded. And scores of severe heat poisoning syndrome of sepsis before and after treatment were graded. Result: The total effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome was 77.97%, which was higher than 42.37% in control group (χ2=15.594, P<0.01). After treatment, scores of APACHEⅡ and SOFA decreased (Fcontrol=6.73, Fobservation=7.412, P<0.05). According to the paired T-test, at the 3th and 7th day after treatment, scores of APACHEⅡ and SOFA were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). At the 7th day, levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and D-lactic acid, endotoxin and PCT in observation group were lower than those in control group, and level of IL-10 in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). The amelioration of whole blood high shear viscosity, whole blood low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index and erythrocyte degeneration index in observation group were better than those in control group (P<0.01). And levels of FIB, D-D and PLT in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: In addition to integrated western intervention measures, Xuebijing injection combined with dialectical oral and adjuvant therapy of Qingwen Baiduyin and Lianggesan can inhibit early inflammatory response, control bacterial and toxin translocation, ameliorate coagulation disorders and body microcirculation, decrease APACHEII and SOFA scores and serum PCT levels, reduce the disease and improve prognosis.关键词：sepsis;severe heat poisoning syndrome;Xuebijing injection;Qingwen Baiduyin;Liangge san;inflammatory response;intestinal barrier function;coagulation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the mechanism of Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Tang (GZSYZMT) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using bioinformatics. Method: Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrative Database (TCMID), Herbal Ingredients' Target Database (HIT), and TCM Database@Taiwan were retrieved to obtain active components and target proteins of GZSYZMT, and national center for biotechnobgy information (NCBI) was retrieved for genes related to RA. The above proteins and genes were imported into Cystoscape 3.2.1 to respectively build the molecular interaction networks and make analysis of biological processes and biological functions. The networks and biological processes of GZSYZMT and RA were compared, and the mechanism of GZSYZMT in treating RA was discussed on the basis of relevant literatures. Result: Both of biological process and function of GZSYZMT and RA were associated with immune response, inflammatory reaction, cell signal transduction, cell proliferation and apoptosis. The number of the common targets of interaction networks of GZSYZMT and RA was 37, including IL-2, HRAS, IL-6, CD14, CD40, PRKCB, BTK; the common biological pathways were 35 pairs, including toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion: Analysis method based on bioinformatics can predict the action mechanism of GZSYZMT in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). GZSYZMT shows an effect in treating RA by regulating IL-2, HRAS, IL-6, CD14, CD40, and TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway, TLR-MAPKs signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and NLR signaling pathways.关键词：bioinformatics;Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Tang;rheumatoid arthritis;action mechanism
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus on immune pathway of H1N1 Influenza A based on bioinformatics approach. Method: Target proteins of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus, and genes of H1N1 Influenza A were searched in TCM Database @Taiwan, PubChem and Gene online public platform databases. Bioinformatics software was used to analyze the data sets, and explain the effect of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus on immune pathway of H1N1 Influenza A. Result: There were 16 target proteins of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, eight target proteins of Forsythiae Fructus and 32 genes of H1N1 influenza A. According to the bioinformatics analysis, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus have their specific immune pathways, respectively. After the production pathway of IL-12 signaling and the pathway IL-8 signaling were treated with the drug pairs, the -log P value representing the correlation between drug target protein and biological pathway was higher than that of single administration of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos or Forsythiae Fructus.Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) involved in the most of specific immune pathways of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, and PRKCA involved in the most of specific immune pathways of Forsythiae Fructus. Conclusion: Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus have their own characteristics in regulating specific immune pathways related to H1N1 Influenza A. When being used as a drug pair, they have more advantages in regulating the production pathway of IL-12 signaling and the pathway IL-8 signaling. MMPs and PRKCA may be the key proteins of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus in regulating immune pathways.关键词：H1N1 influenza A;Lonicerae Japonicae Flos;Forsythiae Fructus;immune pathway;bioinformatics
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of modified Shenling Baizhu San in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), in order to provide a scientific basis for clinical promotion. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) for comparing the efficacy of Shenling Baizhu San with western medicines in treating ulcerative colitis were searched in CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases. The studies were screened. The following data were extracted, such as effective rate, improvement time of main symptoms, endoscopic improvement and adverse events. The risk bias of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane scale. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 13 RCTs were eventually included. A total of 1 285 cases were included, including 659 cases in Shenling Baizhu San group and 598 in western medicine group. Compared with the western medicine group, the combined RR of the effective rate in the Shenling Baizhu San group was 1.17, (95%CI [1.13,1.22], P<0.001), the Shenling Baizhu powder group showed a shorter improvement time of diarrhea, abdominal pain, sepsis, and fever, with the effect size (RR=-12.32, 95%CI[-14.27,-10.37], P<0.001), (RR=-8.06, 95%CI[-9.88,-6.24], P<0.001), (RR=-9.89, 95%CI[-10.77,-9.00], P<0.001), (RR=-8.29, 95%CI[-9.59,-6.98], P<0.001). The adverse events were statistically significant (RR=0.06, 95%CI [0.01, 0.40], P=0.004). The endoscopic examination showed no significant difference. The effectiveness and safety of Shenling Baizhu San in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are more superior to western medicines, so it is suitable for clinical use. However, more large-sample-size double-blind RCTs shall be included to support this conclusion.关键词：Shenling Baizhu San;ulcerative colitis;Meta-analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) classical prescriptions for treating depression based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISS). Method: Articles for classical prescriptions treatment for depressionin CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Datas from January 1986 to December 2016 were searched. The data was entered into TCMISS (V2.5) to set up a database, andassociation rules and unsupervised hierarchical clustering were used to analyze common herbs and core combinations and find new prescriptions. Result: Totally 461 cases and 119 prescriptions were screened out,involving 155 herbs. Through analysis, totally 35 frequently used herbs were found, and the top five were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle, Jujubae Fructus, Bupleuri Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pinelliae Radix Alba. Totally 25 core combinations were mined through association rules, and three new prescriptions were mined through the cluster analysis from the database. Conclusion: Through TCMISS(V2.5),TCM classical prescriptionsin the treatment of depression were analyzed to find that frequently used TCM classical prescriptions for treating depression medication frequency are mostly pungent-sweet-warm herbs and those entering heart,spleen and liver and kidney meridians, especially those entering the heart channel. These frequently used TCMs mostly have an effect in replenishing Qi and tonifying spleen, calming nerves and replenishing vital energy, nourishing heart and relieving the depressed liver.Classical prescriptions for treating depression show an effect by activating Yang,nourishing the heart,disperse stagnated liver energy and replenishing spleen Qi, and can provide areference for clinical treatment of depression.关键词：classical prescription;depression;association rules;clustering algorithm;composition principle
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To summarize the regularity of Professor JI Li-jin's prescriptions in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in clinical practice, in order to give a better clinical guidance and inherit Professor JI's clinical thought. Method: Professor JI's 382 clinical records involving 167 cases between 2015 and 2016 were collected to build Professor JI's medical record database. Through Medcase V3.2, strengthened associated rules operation model and clustering analysis model were used to analyze and summarize Professor JI's medical records and discuss Professor Ji's thoughts in prescribing medicines. Result: The database included 382 clinical records, involving 158 herbs, the mean of single prescription drugs was 13; high-frequency drugs were Bupleuri Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Coptidis Rhizoma and other drugs; association rules analysis showed that commonly used drugs were mostly combined with Xiaochaihutang, Pingwei San, Banxia Xiexin Tang as basic prescriptions. The first 8 categories of drugs were those for promoting diuresis, tonfying, regulatvig Qi, diaphoretics clearvig away heat, drug astringent, etc. Conclusion: Professor JI's prescriptions in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome are mostly composed of mild herbs for compromising Shaoyang cardinal spleen dampness, regulating Qi, and give consideration to such pathological factors as pathogenic heat and dampness, phlegm and stagnation of Qi, and stagnation of foode.关键词：JI Li-jin;irritable bowel syndrome;medication experience
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Tacit knowledge is the core of knowledge, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tacit knowledge is an important part of TCM science. Externalization of tacit knowledge in TCM is a necessary condition for effective exchange and sharing of TCM knowledge, and important guarantee to promote the development and innovation of TCM. However, the process of externalizing tacit knowledge is affected by many factors. Data mining technology can extract unknown, potential, useful information and knowledge hidden in a large number of incomplete, fuzzy, random practical application data. By taking advantages of data mining technology in extracting implicit knowledge, this study focused on externalization of tacit knowledge in TCM with support of association rules analysis, complex system entropy clustering analysis, decision tree analysis, factor analysis, bayesian network analysis and other data mining technologies. Through literature analysis and collation, with specific data mining technology as classification criteria and main line, the study involved individual physicians, ancient medical classics and modern clinical researches, with content involving TCM pathogenesis, the rule of treatment, dialectical law, regularity of using prescriptions, regularity of herbal pairs and composition and other aspects of tacit TCM knowledge. The results showed that, according to the characteristics of the research content, specific data mining technology can be selected to externalize tacit TCM knowledge, which is beneficial to expand the channels of externalizing tacit knowledge of TCM, and improve the externalization of tacit TCM knowledge and maximize externalization and sharing of tacit knowledge in TCM. Based on the active role of data mining technology in the externalization of tacit knowledge of TCM, the data mining and inheritance platforms with TCM characteristics shall be popularized, integrated and optimized to promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM.关键词：data mining;tacit knowledge;externalization;Research;review
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Garlic is a traditional condiment and traditional Chinese medicine, with a good medicinal value. Traditionally, garlic is mainly used for detumescence, detoxification and sterilization. Modern researches showed that garlic is favored by many scholars because of its good pharmacological activities in preventing and treating tumor, reducing hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and cholesterol, and anti-aging. Garlic mainly contains alliin, garlic neuraminidase, naphtha, saponins, polysaccharides and trace elements. Among them, garlic polysaccharide is one of important chemical components, and one of pharmacodynamic material bases of garlic. With a relative molecular mass ranging between 9-10 kDa, garlic polysaccharide belongs to a type of small molecule heteropolysaccharide. According to hydrolysis, it mainly contains fructose and glucose. Quality control mainly aims to detect total polysaccharide and decomposed monosaccharide content. Garlic polysaccharide content is more than 70%, and can be extracted through refluxing extraction, ultrasonic extraction and enzymatic method. Garlic has such biological activities as enhancement immunity, antioxidation, antivirus, liver protection, myocardial protection, prevention of myocardial fibrosis, and can be developed into healthcare products and medicines. In addition, it can also be used as raw materials in food production. Therefore, it has an important research value and exploitation prospect. The paper has summarized garlic polysaccharide's composition, method of extraction and purification, content determination, pharmacological activity and application, in order to provide a reference for further research, development and utilization.关键词：garlic polysaccharide;composition;purification method;content determination;pharmacological activity;application
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发布时间：2024-01-04
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