最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 21 ， 2017
- 摘要：Objective: To demonstrate the pharmacodynamic interaction in tonifying blood of couplet medicines of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Carthami Flos by comprehensive index method and three-dimensional response surface method. Method: Based on mouse blood deficiency model induced by injection of acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) and cyclophosphamide (CTX),the effect of this couplet medicines with different proportions (1:0,4:1,2:1,3:2,1:1,2:3,1:2,1:4,0:1) and different concentrations on the peripheral blood indexes and organ indexes were observed.Then all indexes were integrated and analyzed by relative equation.The three-dimensional response surfaces were gained by Matlab R2010a software. Result: When they were used singly,the best doses of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Carthami Flos were 7.80,0.52 g·kg-1·d-1,respectively.Most dose(about 50%) of this couplet medicines exhibited addition action,followed by antagonism,and little dose (0.5-1.2 g·kg-1·d-1 of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and 0-0.5 g·kg-1·d-1 of Carthami Flos) had synergetic effect. Conclusion: The range of synergetic effect of this couplet medicines on tonifying blood is little,and the intensity is not obvious,but it has antagonism in a certain amout.关键词：Angelicae Sinensis Radix;Carthami Flos;couplet medicines;tonifying blood;three-dimensional response surface method
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare in vitro hemolytic effect of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis (PPC) and P. polyhoylla var. yunnanensis (PPY) extract and to explore hemolytic property of various subtypes of steroidal saponins from Paridis Rhizoma. Method: The rhizoma of PPC or PPY was extracted with 75% ethanol.The extract was subjected to chromatography on HPD100 macroporous resin to give fractions of PPC(Y)-A-E. The sub-fractions of PPC(Y)-D-F, PPC(Y)-D-P and PPC(Y)-D-D were obtained by flash chromatography.The chemical profiles of these extract,fractions and sub-fractions were analyzed by HPLC and the main chromatographic peaks were identified on the basis of the comparison of reference substances and on-line ultraviolet spectra.The hemolytic effect of these samples against the rabbit red blood cells were determined by UV-VIS. Result: The hemolytic curves of PPC and PPY were obtained by plotting the hemolytic effect against the corresponding concentrations and the concentrations up to 50% hemolytic rate were calculated as 34.97,46.52 mg·L-1,respectively.Among fractions of PPC-A-E,PPC-D displayed the potent hemolytic effect at concentrations from 2.5-10 mg·L-1.For fractions of PPY-A-E,both PPY-D and PPY-E showed hemolytic effect at the same tested concentrations.The hemolytic rates of PPC-D at the concentration of 5.0,10 mg·L-1 were 78.00% and 95.68%,whereas PPY-D and PPY-E had the hemolytic rates of 31.86% and 63.29% as well as 15.82% and 55.25%.For the sub-fractions from PPC,furostanol saponins and dioscin saponins had no hemolytic effect,while pennogenin saponins took on the hemolytic rates of 5.89% and 90.33% at the concentration of 2.5,5.0 mg·L-1.For the sub-fractions from PPY,furostanol saponins display similar result as that of furostanol saponins from PPC,whereas pennogenin and dioscin saponins were observed at concentration of 2.5,5.0 mg·L-1 with the hemolytic rates of 0.51% and 57.75% as well as 4.29% and 49.39%,respectively. Conclusion: It is found that both PPC and PPY have hemolytic effects,and PPC is stronger than PPY.The hemolytic effect of PPC is related to its main constituents(pennogenin saponins) and that of PPY is due to the conjunction of pennogenin and dioscin saponins.The furostanol saponins from both plants have no hemolytic effect.The hemolytic level of PPC or PPY is determined according to the absolute and relative amounts of pennogenin and dioscin saponins in the extract.关键词：Paris polyhoylla var. chinensis;P.polyhoylla var. yunnanensis;spirostanol saponin;furostanol saponin;hemolysis;macroporous resin;effective fraction
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze the total saponins in Aralia elata leaves by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and determine the different polar sites,and separate different polar sites by C18 reversed-phase silica gel (ODS) column,then to compare the antitumor effect in vitro of different parts. Method: The total saponins was gained after extraction of A. elata leaves with 70% ethanol,and the extract was purified by AB-8 macroporous resin.Different polarity parts was determined by HPLC,and was eluted by methanol with different concentration on ODS column.Inhibitory effect of different parts on cancer cells was determined by thiazolyl blue(MTT) colorimetry,the cancer cells included human lung adenocarcinoma cell line(A549),human cervical cancer cell line(HeLa) and human colon cancer cell line(HT-29). Result: Five polar sites was identified by retention time of HPLC of the total saponins.The corresponding five parts were separated by ODS column,they were 0-20 min part of HPLC and eluents with 0-25% methanol(A for short),20-45 min part of HPLC and eluents with 30%-45% methanol(B for short),50-75 min part of HPLC and eluents with 50%-65% methanol(C for short),80-110 min part of HPLC and eluents with 70%-75% methanol(D for short),after 110 min part of HPLC and eluents with 80%-100% methanol(E for short),respectively.The inhibitory effects of A,B,C,D and E on three kinds of cells were significantly different.A had no effect on the three kinds of cancer cells,Inhibitory effect of B on the three kinds of cancer cells was weak.C had strong inhibitory effects on the three kinds of cancer cells;E had stronger inhibitory effects on the three kinds of cancer cells;D showed the strongest inhibitory effect on the three kinds of cancer cells,and Its IC50 of inhibition on A549,Hella and HT-29 were 4.06, 4.29, 3.60 mg·L-1,respectively. Conclusion: After total saponins in A. elata leaves being identified by HPLC and separated on ODS column,the best part of antitumor effect can be obtained.关键词：Aralia elata leaves;total saponins;reversed-phase silica gel column;antitumor;MTT colorimetry method;spectrum and efficiency
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To select the best formula and technology for the preparation of salvianic acid A sodium-poly(lactide-glycolic acid)(PLGA) sustained release microspheres and to discuss its pharmaceutical properties. Method: W/O/O emulsified solvent evaporation method was used to prepare the microspheres,taking drug loading,encapsulation efficiency and yield as indexes,single factor tests were used to optimize formulation,and its in vitro release was investigated.Laser particle size analyzer,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterise the microspheres. Result: Optimum formulation was determined,volume of internal phase was 300 μL,concentration of PLGA50/50 COOH was 125 g·L-1,the proportion of methylene chloride and acetone was 3:7,the volume of liquid paraffin was 200 mL as external oil phase,concentration of span80 was 0.25%,stirring speed was 1 400 r·min-1,stirring time was 4 h,volume of n-hexane was 6 mL.Drug loading,encapsulation efficiency and yield were (20.71±1.42)%,(63.27±1.70)% and (99.10±0.83)%,respectively.Cumulative release in vitro of 98% required 120 h.Mean particle diameter was (71.72±1.71) μm.Surfaces of salvianic acid A sodium-PLGA sustained release microspheres were smooth and spherical with honeycomb-like inner structure.XRD indicated that some drug may dispersed as crystals in carrier materials. Conclusion: Salvianic acid A sodium-PLGA sustained release microspheres can be prepared by W/O/O emulsified solvent evaporation method.This optimized process is simple and reasonable,which is base for further research of salvianic acid A sodium preparation.关键词：salvianic acid A sodium;poly(lactide-glycolic acid);microspheres;solvent evaporation method;n-hexane;sustained release preparations
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize processing technology of Arcae Concha,and to lay the foundation for controlling the quality of processed products of Arcae Concha. Method: Taking comprehensive score of properties,yield of decoction pieces,pH value of water extract,water soluble extract content and Ca2+ content in decoction as index,single factor tests and orthogonal test were used to optimize the calcining process and calcining vinegar quenching process of Arcae Concha,and the salt quenching process and water quenching process were compared for optimizing the best processing technology. Result: Optimum calcining process conditions were as follows:temperature of 750 ℃ and calcining time of 30 min.The best calcining vinegar quenching process conditions were as follows:temperature of 850 ℃,calcined 90 min immediately after adding 0.3 times the amount of vinegar with vinegar concentration of 9%.The ranking of multi-index comprehensive score of different processing technology was calcined vinegar products > calcined products > calcined salt water quenching products > calcined distilled water quenching products.Under the optimum conditions,the traits of calcined vinegar were in accordance with the requirements of gray and crisp texture,the yield of decoction pieces was 67.40%,pH of water extract was 12.47,water soluble extract content was 9.70% and Ca2+ content in decoction was 7.01%. Conclusion: The preferred process is stable and feasible,it can provide scientific basis for future production of Arcae Concha,improve the quality of its processed products and ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication.关键词：Arcae Concha;processing technology;calcining;calcined vinegar;comprehensive score;water soluble extract;Ca2+
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To research the feasibility of freeze-drying technique under low vacuum in preservation of fresh herb of Chinese medicines. Method: Rehmanniae Radix with thermal instability indigrents and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens with volatile indigrents were choosed as the research objects and divided into two groups(freeze-drying group dried by freeze-drying technique under low vacuum and electric thermostatic drying group dried by electric thermostatic drying technique).Differences between the two groups were compared by contrasting the appearance,microstructure,water content,content of active ingredients and rehydration after drying. Result: Crude drugs of freeze-drying group had bright color and intact shape,while electric thermostatic drying group had dark color and distorted shape.Water content in freeze-drying group was lower than that of electric thermostatic drying group.Microstructure of the two groups did not destroy.Retention rates of catalpol and 6-gingerol in freeze-drying group were higher than those in electric thermostatic drying group,but the retention rate of volatile indigrients in the two groups was very close.As for rehydration,Rehmanniae Radix in freeze-drying group had a 292% weight gain in 1 h,when the crude drug' water absorption came up to constant weight,it had a 300% weight gain;while Rehmanniae Radix in electric thermostatic drying group had a 220% weight gain in 4 h,then the weight of which was sustained. Conclusion: Products of freeze-drying technique have high quality,good appearance,low water content,complete microstructure,high retention rate of index ingredients and strong rehydration.All of the above statements prove that it is an excellent drying technology with high potential in preservation of fresh herb of Chinese medicines.关键词：low vaccum;freeze-drying;electric thermostatic drying;microstructure;Rehmanniae Radix;Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens;catalpol;6-gingerol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To determine the equilibrium solubility and the oil-water partition coefficient of baicalin-berberine hydrochloride complex for further study on the related preparations. Method: HPLC was validated for analysis of berberine hydrochloride and baicalin.The equilibrium solubilities of baicalin-berberine hydrochloride complex in water and media with different pH were measured by shaking flask method.The concentration of this complex in n-octanol and water was determined to calculate the oil-water partition coefficient. Result: The solubilities of berberine hydrochloride and baicalin in the complex were 2-fold and 50-fold lower than that of crude drugs in medium with pH of 6.8-8.0.The oil-water partition coefficients of baicalin and berberine hydrochloride in the complex were 2.37 times and 4.69 times higher than that of the pure drugs,respectively. Conclusion: Differences of solubility and partition coefficient are revealed between baicalin-berberine hydrochloride complex and pure drugs,which may affect the in vivo performance and gastrointestinal absorption of the complex.关键词：baicalin;berberine hydrochloride;solubility;oil-water partition coefficient;mixed decotion;precipitation;complex
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Through research on Poncirus Herbs,analysis process of poncirin and quality standards, provide the scientific basis for quality evaluation. Method: Literature review and field survey twere used to study the herbal textual of Poncirus Herbs, and qualitative analysis the synephrine,naringin,hesperidin and neohesperidin in Poncirus Herbs,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus were conducted by thin layer chromatography and HPLC. Result: In the history of the first herbs for Aurantii Fructus Immaturus use,the Song Dynasty is not the only authentic source of Poncirus Herbs. During the Ming and Qing dynasties,the genuine source of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus is Citrus aurantium contains synephrine,naringin,hesperidin and neohesperidin, but low content,the index components in Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus, are in line with the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia standard. Conclusion: From the herbal textual study,we find Poncirus Herbs have been used as the authentic source of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus,and have the same index components of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus, which provide a reference for the development of new medicinal resources.关键词：Poncirus Herbs;qualitative and quantitative analysis;herbal textual research;quality research
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze and evaluate the chemical constituents of Citrus reticulata ‘Shiyue Ju’ rapidly by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technique. Method: The LC separation was performed on a UPLC Aglient Zorbax Extend C18 column (4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm), with 0.1% formic acid solution (A)-acetonitrile solution (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.6 mL·min-1; column temperature was set at 35 ℃; and injection volume was 0.5 μL. Electrospray ion (ESI) source was applied for the TOF-MS analysis under the positive ion mode; the mass scanning range was between m/z 100-1 000; and the running time was 24 min. By using target compound screening method in the mass spectrometry analysis software, the structures of monitored chemical compositions were identified and speculated by retention time, exact relative molecular weight and the secondary mass spectra fragment of MS. Result: Under certain chromatographic conditions, thirty-one chemical compounds were separated and identified completely from the methanol extraction of C. reticulata ‘Shiyue Ju’ based on reference substances and related references, including five flavone C-glycosides, six flavone O-glycosides, seventeen polymethoxylated flavonoids (PMFs), alkaloid and two polyphenols compounds. Conclusion: The established detection method was convenient and accurate, providing an analytical approach for rapidly identifying and analyzing the chemical compounds. The study supplied the scientific basis to become available for the development and utilization of citrus resources.关键词：Citrus reticulata ‘Shiyue Ju’;UPLC-Q-TOF-MS;chemical compound
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the anti-complement constituents from the fruits of Toona sinensis. Method: The anti-complement constituents were screened by hemolysis method, then isolated and purified with different chromatographic techniques.Their structures were elucidated with the methods of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and together with the comparison of reported data. Result: The methanol extracts of the fruits of T.sinensis showed apparent anti-complement activity, and fourteen polypenols were isolated from the active EtOAc fraction.The structures of the compounds were identified as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), 6-O-galloyl-D-glucpyranose (3), 1,2,3-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (4), 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (5), 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (6), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (7), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyanoside (8), rutin (9), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-galactopyranoside (10), quercetin-3-O-β-galactopyranoside (11), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (13), and quercetin (14).Compounds 3-14 were isolated from the fruits of T.sinensis for the first time, and compounds 5, 10 and 11 were isolated for the first time from the plant.Compounds 4-7 showed apparent anti-complement activity, with the IC50 of 88.3, 76.2, 13.9 and 9.6 μmmol·L-1 respectively. Conclusion: The methanol extracts of the fruits of T.sinensis showed apparent anti-complement activity, and the EtOAc fraction was the active fraction.Epigallocatechin glucoside derivatives and flavonoids were the active components, and the former ones showed more potent anti-complement activity than the flavonoids; in addition, the activity was increased with the increasing of numbers of galloyl moieties.关键词：Toona sinensis;anti-complement;polyphenols;flavonoids
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a method for simultaneous determination of four diterpenoids in Isodon henryi, and evaluate the in vitro antitumor activity of four diterpenes (oridonin, zea pollinium, lasiokaurin, rabdosin B). Method: YMC C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm) was adopted with acetonitrile-water(38:62) as mobile phase for isocratic elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1;the column temperature was 30 ℃; and the detection wavelength was at 230 nm. They were tested for their cytotoxic effects against five human cancer cell lines: HCT-116, HepG2, BGC-823, MB-231, and A2780 by MTT. Result: A good linearity was observed in the range of 0.085 6-0.856,0.014 04-0.140 4,0.070 8-0.708,0.018 98-0.189 8 g·L-1 for oridonin, maoyecrystal E, lasiokaurin, rabdosin B,with the average recoveries of 101.78%,101.70%,100.23%,104.60%, respectively; 4 diterpenes showed a certain cytotoxic effect,in which oridonin, lasiokaurin 5 kinds of cell strains of the rate of inhibition were greater than 50%. Oridonin, lasiokaurin exhibited more obviously cytotoxic activity in the tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 4.10-6.46, 2.34-4.77 μmmol·L-1 respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple,sensitive and reproducible, and it can be used for the quality control of the main cytotoxic active diterpenes in I.henryi.关键词：Isodon henryi;diterpenoids;HPLC;content determination;cytotoxic activity
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a method for the content determination of aceglutamide, hydroxysafflower yellow A, rutin, syringing, kaempferide, kaempferol and quercetin in Guhong injection. Method: UPLC-MS/MS was conducted. The column of UPLC was Phenomenex Kenetix C18 (2.1 mm×50 mm, 5 μm), with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (gradient elution) at a flow of 0.5 mL·min-1. The multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) was adopted with simultaneous monitoring of positive and negative ions and, the injection volume was 5 μL. Result: The linear range was 10.36-663.0 μg·L-1 for aceglutamide, 0.500 0-32.00 μg·L-1 for hydroxysafflower yellow A, 0.047 8-3.059 μg·L-1 for rutin, 0.200 0-12.80 μg·L-1for syringing, 0.032 4-2.074 μg·L-1for kaempferide, 0.675 0-43.20 μg·L-1 for kaempferol, and 0.142 5-9.120 μg·L-1 for quercetin. The recoveries were between 97.0% and 99.2% (RSD ≤ 3.4%, n=6). The contents of aceglutamide, hydroxysafflower yellow A, rutin, syringing, kaempferide, kaempferol, quercetin in the three batches of samples ranged between 28.5-32.4 g·L-1 ,1.02-1.23 g·L-1,14.3-17.6 mg·L-1,101-123 mg·L-1,12.1-14.9 μg·L-1,0.138-0.155 mg·L-1, 73.4-95.6 μg·L-1. Conclusion: The method is convenient, rapid, effective, simple, accurate, reliable and suitable for the simultaneous determination for 7 ingredients in Guhong injection and offers a basis for establishing a more comprehensive quantity control method.关键词：Guhong injection;aceglutamide;hydroxysafflower yellow A;rutin;syringing;kaempferide;kaempferol;quercetin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To apply GC calibration factors in quantitative analysis of safrole and methyl eugenol in Asarum. Method: First, Agilent 6890N GC, detector FID, column DB-WAX (250 μm×30 m, 0.25 μm) were used with detector temperature of 250 ℃, inlet temperature of 230 ℃, gas of N2 under constant pressure mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, injection volume of 1 μL, hydrogen flow of 45 mL·min-1, air flow of 450 mL·min-1, and tail blown nitrogen of 35 mL·min-1. The initial temperature was 135 ℃ for 2 min; rose to 160 ℃ at 5 ℃·min-1 and maintained for 7 min; then rose to 220 ℃ at 20 ℃·min-1 and maintained for 3 min. After that, a variety of determination and calculation methods were adopted to obtain a number of GC calibration factor values. Finally, after verification of their feasibility through stability, repeatability and sample recovery rate tests to screen the calibration factors for quantitative analysis of safrole and methyl eugenol. Result: The values calculated in stability and repeatability tests all had RSDs less than 3%; the average recoveries were 92.96%-121.35%, with RSDs of 3.4%-4.8% for safrole; and 88.80%-112.54% with RSDs of 2.0%-3.4% for methyl eugenol. Finally, 10 batches of Asarum of safrole and methyl eugenol were determined by two GC calibration factors. Conclusion: Two GC correction factor values did not have many differences for quantitative analysis of safrole and methyl eugenol in Asarum, and the application of various determination and calculation methods of GC calibration factors can improve the accuracy of the test results.关键词：GC;calibration factor;safrole;methyl eugenol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To develop a method of HPLC fingerprinting analysis for the quality evaluation of Swertiae Herba. Method: The Waters 2695-2996,Dionex Ultimate 3000 and Agilent-1260 high performance liquid chromatograph instrument equipped with Shiseido CAPCELL PAK C18 MGⅡ(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),Boston Green ODS (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) and Phenomenex Gemini C18 110A column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was used. Methanol- acetonitrile-0.05 mol·L-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution (adjusted pH value to 3.9 with 0.1% phosphoric acid solution)(15:5:80) were used as mobile phase;the wavelength was set at 268 nm,and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1. The principal component relative retention time comparison method was used to evaluate the characteristic fingerprints of 10 batches of Swertiae Herba produced in different regions. Result: The chromatographic fingerprint was completed with five common peaks,and the RSD of relative retention time for the common peaks from 10 batches of Swertiae Herba was less than 2.0%. Conclusion: The method is simple,accurate and sensitive,which can be used for the quality control of Swertiae Herba.关键词：Swertiae Herba;characteristic fingerprint;HPLC;relative retention time
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish an UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of 14 components (berberine, phellodendrine, palmatine, magnoflorine, jatrorrhizine, tetrahydroberberine, tetrahydropalmatine, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, obaculactone, obacunone, atractylenolide I, atractylenolideⅡandatractylenolideⅢ) in Ermiaosan extracts. Method: A Waters Acquity BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used, with a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid (A)-methanol (B) for gradient elution (0-1.0 min, 10% B; 1.0-8.0 min, 10%-60% B; 8.0-9.0 min, 60%-90% B; 9.0-13.0 min, 90% B; 13.0-13.1 min, 90%-10% B; 13.1-15.0 min, 10% B).The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1, and the injection volume was 5 μL; 14 analytes were monitored under positive ionization conditions by multi reaction monitoringin an electrospray ionization mode.Mass spectrometric parameters of spectrometer and 14 index components were optimized for testing.Independent t-test (t-test) was applied for the data processing. Result: Within a certain linear range, the calibration curves of 14 analytes showed a good linearity (r > 0.999 5). The average recovery of 14 analytes were between 95%and 110%, with RSD ≤ 5%. The content of 14 components in different batches of samples wasslightly different. The compatibility of Ermiaosan showed a superiority, with increases inthe contents of phellodendrine, magnoflorine and atractylenolide (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It is the first report about simultaneous analysis of 14 components in Ermiaosan extracts by UPLC-MS/MS, and highly sensitive, stable, reliable and high reproducible, and provides a basis for comprehensive evaluation for quality of Ermiaosan extracts.关键词：UPLC-MS/MS;content determination;Ermiaosan extract;compatibility
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the tissue distribution of 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol from Trichosanthis Semen in rats after oral administration. Method: The stomach,heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney in healthy male SD rats were taken at 0.5,1,3,6 h after intragastric administration,tissue homogenates and pretreatment were performed.ZORBAX C18 column(2.1 mm×50 mm,3.5 μm) was adopted with mobile phase of 10 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate (containing 0.1% formic acid)-methanol for gradient elution,flow rate was 0.5 mL·min-1,the injection volume of 10 μL.A triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry equipped with electrospray ionization source was used as detector and operated by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) positive ion mode of the transitions m/z 684.7-527.6,m/z 472.4-436.4 for 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol and terfenadine,respectively. Result: After intragastric administration of 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol in rats,peak concentration in the lung reached at 0.5 h,that in the heart,liver,spleen and kidney reached at 1.0 h,but that in the stomach at 3.0 h.The distribution of drug in the stomach and lung is large,its concentration in the stomach at 3.0 h was (405.8±114.8) ng·g-1;but the drug distributed fastest in the lung,it can reached a high concentration of (338.8±85.5) ng·g-1 at 0.5 h,distribution of 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol in the heart,liver,spleen and kidney was low,the drug concentration in each organ were significantly reduced at 6.0 h. Conclusion: After intragastric administration of 3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol,it can be distributed to each organ tissue,which has high concentration in the stomach and lung,and this drug can still maintain a high level after 3 h,but its concentrations in the heart,liver,spleen and kidney are relatively low,which may be related to the nature characteristics and the acting features of itself.关键词：Trichosanthis Semen;3,29-dibenzoyl rarounitriol;terfenadine;tissue distribution;methodology
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a UPLC-ESI-MS/MS for determining anemoside B4 in rats,through comparing the distribution of anemoside B4 in liver,spleen,kidney,heart and lung of normal rats and rats with ulcerative colitis,in order to further study on the process and mechanism of Baitouweng Tang in treating ulcerative colitis. Method: Male SD rats were divided into normal group and model group,after intragastric administration of Baitouweng Tang lyophilized powder with dose of 5 g·kg-1,normal and model rats were anesthetized with 5% chloral hydrate at 15,45,120,360 min,then to take liver,spleen,kidney,heart and lung tissue.UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was adopted with mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution for gradient elution,column temperature of 35 ℃ and flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1. Result: Anemoside B4 was widely distributed and metabolized in rats.The concentration of anemoside B4 in liver,spleen,kidney,heart and lung of normal rats reached the maximum at 120 min.Compared with the normal group,the content of anemoside B4 in liver and heart of model group rats was significantly increased (P < 0.05) at each time point;in spleen and kidney,it increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 45 min and 120 min;in the lung,it increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 120 min. Conclusion: Absorption and bioavailability of anemoside B4 in ulcerative colitis rats are better than those of the normal group,and the pathological state of ulcerative colitis can cause absorption enhancement of anemoside B4 in Baitouweng Tang.关键词：anemoside B4;toosendanin;tissue distribution;lyophilized powder;intragastric administration;ulcerative colitis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Fuzheng Kangai (FZKA) decoction on the proliferation and apoptosis, in order to discuss the molecular mechanism of apoptosis induced by FZKA decoction in A549 cells. Method: Non-small lung cancer cells (A549 cells) were taken as the research objects and treated for 24, 48, 72 h with 0 (blank group), 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, 2.8, 3.2 g·L-1 FAKA decoction. Then, methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to detect the effect of FZKA decoction on the cell proliferation and apoptosis. A549 cells were treated for 24 h with 0 (blank group), 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 g·L-1. Then, quantitative Real-time PCR was used to detect the effect of FZKA decoction on PTEN mRNA expression. A549 cells were treated for 24 h with 0 (blank group), 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 g·L-1. Then, Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and phospho-Bad (p-Bad), and discuss the relationship between them. Result: Compared with blank group, the proliferation of A549 cells were inhibited by FZKA decoction in concentration-dependent and time-dependent manners (P < 0.01). Compared with blank group, mRNA and protein expressions of PTEN were up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with blank group, the protein expression of PI3K was down-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and p-Bad was down-regulated in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Apoptosis is induced by FZKA decoction by up-regulating PTEN and regulating PI3K/Akt/Bad pass way in A549 cells.关键词：FZKA decoction;proliferation;phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten;phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase;pro-apoptotic protein
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the protective effect of gastrodin on primary cortical neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R), and the impact on expression of inflammation-related signaling pathway. Method: The primary cortical neurons of rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, and high, middle and low-dose gastrodin (80,60,40 mg·L-1).The OGD/R damage model was built by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion.The survival rate of nerve cells was determinated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphengl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) method, and the leakage rate of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured by colorimetric method, high-throughput RNA-Seq transcriptome sequencing analysis was used to detect the differential expressions of all genes in the treated cells, and the OGD/R damage or protection-related genes or/and metabolic pathways were screened by functional annotation and enrichment analysis. Result: The activity of cortical cells decreased and the release of LDH increased after OGD/R, while gastrodin pretreatment increased cell viability and significantly lowered the LDH leakage rate.The sequence analysis revealed that the molecular mechanism mainly involved the inhibition of NF-kappa B signaling pathway (NF-κB, 18 gene), and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway (TNF, 21 gene).Compared with the model group, gastrodin inhibited expressions of NF-κB, Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1/2 (TNFR1/2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1), CXC-chemokine 1/2/3 (CXCL1/2/3), CXC-chemokine 9(CXCL9/Mig), and other inflammatory signaling molecules. Conclusion: Gastrodin has a protective effect on the cortical neurons of rats after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion, and its mechanism is mainly related to the inhibition of TLR-NF-κB-TNF inflammatory cascade-related signaling pathways.关键词：gastrodin;cortical nerve cell;oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion;transcriptome;inflammation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Gualou Guizhi granule on oxidative stress and its molecular mechanism. Method: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to measure cerebral infarction area. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) activity and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were determined by respective kits. Meanwhile, Western blot and Real-time PCR were used to detect the protein and gene expressions of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1). Result: Gualou Guizhi granule can significantly reduce the area of cerebral infarction and the production of MDA and ROS (P < 0.05), and increase the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px (P < 0.01). In addition, Western blot and Real-time PCR showed that Nrf2, HO-1, Keap1and NQO1 mRNA and protein expressions were up-regulated (P < 0.05) by Gualou Guizhi granule. Conclusion: Gualou Guizhi granule may inhibit oxidative stress by suppressing Nrf2 pathways in the rat model with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.关键词：Gualou Guizhi granule;cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury;oxidative stress;NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To research the resistance effect of radix of Euphorbia fisheriana(REF) combined with Jujubae Fructus(JF) on liver cirrhosis ascites in rat model. Method: Phenobarbital combined with CCl4 method was used to establish the rat live cirrhosis ascites model.The rats were divided into 4 groups, namely normal group, model group,REF group, and REF combined with JF group, with 10 rats in each group.Water metabolism and liver pathological changes in 4 groups were observed by HE staining method.Expressions of Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen Ⅲ, Fibronectin (FN), Laminin, Desmin in different groups of rat liver issues were determined by immunohistochemical method. Result: Compared with the model group, the REF group and the REF combined with JF group significantly increase 24 h urine volume (P < 0.01), and reduced peritoneal seroperitoneum (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the treatment groups significantly improved liver fiber interval and degeneration degree.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the contents of Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen Ⅲ and FN in liver cirrhosis model group and REF group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.01).The contents of LN and Desmin in the model group wree significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.01), and the treatment group can significantly decreased integral absorbance (IA). Conclusion: The combination of REF and JF can obviously improve the pathological process of cirrhotic ascites in rats, increase the amount of urine, and promote the excretion of ascites.The mechanism may be related to the regulatory effect of REF combined with JF on Collagen Ⅰ, Collagen Ⅲ, FN, LN, Desmin factors.关键词：radix of Euphorbia fisheriana(REF);Jujubae Fructus(JF);liver cirrhosis ascites;immunohistochemistry
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of baicalin zinc (HBZn) in repairing BNB in mice by alleviating anti-oxidative stress and activating hematogenous factors in optic nerve injury. Method: A model of optic nerve injury in mice was established by unilateral interlocking carotid artery, and the mice were divided into 7 groups, namely ischemia group, sham operated group, HBZn group (3.75, 6.5, 13 mg·kg-1), HB group, and zinc gluconate group. Each group was administered by gavage for 5 days before operation. Optic nerve crush injury was made on every group, except for sham group. Mitochondrias were observed under electron microscope; superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) of plasma were measured by colorimetric. The expressions of immunoglobulin G(IgG), Fibriogen and matrix metallo protein9(MMP-9) were detected by Western blot. MMPs/TIMPs were detected by qPCR. Result: HBZn can effectively prevent the injury of mitochondria, reduce the concentrations of MDA and MPO, increase the concentration of SOD, compared with HB group and znic gluconate group (P < 0.05). HBZn can reduce the expressions of IgG, Fibriogen and MMP-9 more effectively than ischemia group, suppress the expression of the MMPs family and adjust the balance of MMPs/TIMPs. Conclusion: HBZn can protect the optic nerve injury in mice, and its mechanism may be correlated with the ability to resist oxidative stress and the activating MMP-9, IgG and Fibriogen. HBZn has better anti-oxidative and repairing abilities than monomer baicalin and trace element zinc.关键词：baicalin zinc(HBZn);optic nerve injury;oxidative stress;superoxide dismutase (SOD);malondialdehyde (MDA);myeloperoxidase (MPO);immunoglobulin G (IgG);Fibriogen;matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Gegen Qinlian Tang (GQT) on expressions of inflammatory cytokines C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) of Zucker diabetes fatty (ZDF) rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: The 8 male ZDF(fa/+) rats were used as normal group, 24 male ZDF rats (fa/fa) rats were randomized divided into model group (Nacl, 10 mL·kg-1), Metformin group (300 mg·kg-1), GQT group (13.8 g·kg-1); and Zucker lean rats (ZL) were included into the blank control group, with 8 rats in each group. Weight and fasting blood-glucose(FBG) of rats were observed once every two weeks. Samples were taken 8 weeks after administration. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect CRP and fasting insulin in rat serum(FINS), and the expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 was detected by Western blot. Result: Compared with model group, GQT group show significant improvements in weight, FBG,TG,TC,CRP,FINS, IRI and ISI (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, GQT group can reduce the expressions of CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 in obesity type T2DM rats (P < 0.05). Conclusion: GQT can effectively reduce insulin resistance among ZDF rats with T2DM. Its action mechanism may be correlated with decrease in expressions of cytokines in relevant low-grade inflammatory reactions.关键词：Gegen Qinlian Tang;obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus;C reactive protein (CRP);tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α);interleukin-6 (IL-6)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the protective effect of Serissa serissoides water extract on acute liver injury in mice based on oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Method: A total of 60 mice were randomly divided into six groups, namely normal group, model group, silymarin group, and high, middle and low-dose S. serissoides water extract (4, 2, 1 g·kg-1·d-1) groups, with 10 in each group. Continuous administration lasted for 7 d. Two hours later after the last administration, the mice in the groups except for the normal group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.12% CCl4 peanut oil solution (10 mL·kg-1) to establish the acute liver injury model. The blood was taken from eye sockets, and the liver was collected. Biochemical method was used to detect serum content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total-superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and nitric oxide (NO). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in liver tissues were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA), and the protein expression of NF-kappa B in liver tissues was detected by the western blotting. the pathological change in liver tissues was observed through microscopy. Result: Compared with the normal group, the serum activity or contents of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, MDA and NO significantly increased, whereas T-SOD and GSH-Px activity decreased (P < 0.01), and the hepatic expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α,IL-6 and NF-κB increased in the model group (P < 0.01). After intervention of the water extract of S. serissoides on acute liver injury, the activities and concentrations of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL, MDA and NO in serum were decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), the T-SOD and GSH-Px activity were increased, and the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and NF-κB protein expressions in liver were inhibited (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); The pathological changes also showed that water extract of S. serissoides could significantly improve the pathological characteristics of damaged liver. Conclusion: Water extract of S.serissoides has an obvious protective effect on acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.关键词：water extract of Serissa serissoides;carbon tetrachloride;acute liver injury;oxidative stress;inflammatory reaction
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To examine the effect of Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells, and explore the neuroprotective effect of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Method: A total of 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and high, middle and low-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum groups (22.8, 11.4, 5.7 g·kg-1). The rats were intragastrically given Tianma Gouteng Yin to prepare Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum. The control group was given the same volume of normal saline. The proliferation of PC12 cells was cultured and divided into the blank group, the model group, and high, middle and low-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum groups. The blank group and the model group were given blank serum, while the other three groups were given 10% Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum incubated for 30 min. The model group and Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum groups were additionally given 500 μmol·L-1 MPP+ and co-cultured for 48 h. The cell viability was measured by Cell Titer 96° Aoueous MTS Reagent powder (MTS). The follow-up experiment was divided into five groups, namely blank group, MPP+ group, MPP++high-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum group, MPP++SP600125 group, and MPP++SP600125+high-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum group. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cysteine aspartate protease-3 (Caspase-3) activity was detected by spectrophotometry. The expressions of JNK, p-JNK, c-Jun, p-c-Jun protein were detected by Western blot. Result: Compared with the blank control, cell viability was significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, cell viability was significantly increased in high, middle and low-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum groups (P < 0.05). In the follow-up experiment, compared with blank control, apoptosis, Caspase-3 activity, and expressions of p-JNK and p-c-Jun protein were significantly increased in the MPP+ group (P < 0.05). Compared with the MPP+ group, poptosis, Caspase-3 activity, and expressions of p-JNK and p-c-Jun protein were significantly decreased in the MPP++high-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum group and MPP++SP600125 group (P < 0.05). Co-treatment with SP600125 and high-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum resulted in a slight increase in neuroprotection, which was significantly greater than high-dose Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum treatment alone (P < 0.05), but not significantly greater than SP600125 treatment alone. The expressions of JNK and c-Jun protein showed no significant change. Conclusion: Tianma Gouteng Yin-containing serum has the neuroprotective effect against MPP+-induced apoptosis, which may be closely related to the JNK signaling pathway.关键词：Tianma Gouteng Yin;serum pharmacology;neuroprotection;apoptosis;1-methyl-4-phenglpyridininm(MPP+);JNK pathway
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus-Epimedii Wushanensis Folium extract (SEE) on the learning-memorizing ability in D-galactose induced brain aged mice and explore its relative mechanisms. Method: The ICR mice were divided into five groups randomly, including blank control group (gavage administration of distilled water, subcutaneous injection of normal saline), aging model group (gavage administration of distilled water, subcutaneous injection of 220 mg·kg-1 D-galactose), and three SEE groups (150, 300, 600 mg·kg-1, gavage administration of SEE, orally, subcutaneous injection of D-galactose).All mice were treated for 7 weeks.By using step-through test and step-down test, the effects of SEE on learning-memorizing ability in mice were observed.Water soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) and thiobarbituric acid methods were used to detect the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in the brain tissues of mice. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expressions of p19, p53 and p21 mRNA in the brain, and linoleic acid-ferric thiocyanate method and Oyaizu method were used to test the antioxidation in vitro of SEE. Result: Step-through test and step-down test results showed that 300, 600 mg·kg-1 SEE could significantly improve the learning-memorizing ability (P < 0.05, P < 0.01),increase SOD activities and decrease content of MDA (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and decrease the expressions of p19, p53 and p21 mRNA significantly in D-galactose induced brain aged mice (P < 0.05,P < 0.01).Linoleic acid-ferric thiocyanate method results showed that SEE could inhibit oxidation of linoleic acid after establishment of reaction system for 36 hours and its inhibition effect was higher than vitamin E. Oyaizu experiment showed that the reducing capacity of SEE on Fe3+ was stronger than vitamin E, with absorbance of 0.711. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that SEE could improve the learning-memorizing ability in D-galactose induced brain aged mice, and this effect may be related to its antioxidative activity and decrease of expressions of p19, p53 and p21 mRNA in the brain.关键词：Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus;Epimedii Wushanensis Folium;mixed extraction;brain aging;learning;memory
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of corilagin on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human liver cancer cells and its relevant mechanism. Method: Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, transwell chamber and wound healing assay were used to evaluate the effect of corilagin on cell viability, cell cycle progression and migration of human liver cancer cells. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot assays were performed to explore the effect on F-actin distribution, formation of lamellipodia and filopodia, and expressions of relevant signal molecules. Result: The MTT assay demonstrated that the proliferation of SMMC7721 and MHCC97H cell were inhibited by different concentrations of corilagin. Half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) at 48 h were 388.67,314.42 μmol·L-1, respectively. Wound-healing assay showed that 200 μmol·L-1 corilagin exhibited the greatest inhibition on SMMC7721 cell, and 120 μmol·L-1 corilagin exhibited the greatest inhibition on MHCC97H cell. Transwell assay demonstrated that compared with negative control group, the number of penetrating cells in experimental group was decreased significantly. Immunofluorescence staining showed that corilagin can cause F-actin skeleton remodeling in SMCC7721 and MHCC97H cells. With higher concentrations, cell edge filopodia and lamellipodia formation gradually decreased, while fiber tension number increases gradually. This effect was significant in SMMC7721 200 μmol·L-1 and obvious in MHCC97H 120 μmol·L-1. Western blot showed that corilagin can significantly down-regulate protein expressions of N-Cad and Vimentin in EMT (P < 0.05), and down-regulate MAPK pathway's p-ERK expression and increase p-p38 lightning protein expression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Corilagin inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration in human liver cancer cells in vitro. The mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of N-Cad and Vimentin protein expressions and p-ERK expression, and up-regulation of p-p38 lightning protein expression.关键词：corilagin;SMMC7721 cell;MHCC97H cell;proliferation;invasion;migration
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of Shenling Baishu San combined with antibiotics on inflammatory factors, immune function and clinical efficacy in senile community-acquired pneumonia with syndrome of Qi deficiency of both lung and spleen. Method: From January 2014 to January 2016, 236 CAP patients were included. They were randomly divided into control group (118 cases) and treatment group (118 cases) by random number table. Treatment group and control group were respectively treated with Shenling Baishu San plus moxifloxacin and moxifloxacin for 10 days. The clinical curative effect and the changes of inflammatory mediators and immunity levels in two groups were observed. Result: The total effective rate and the bacterial clearance rate of treatment group were both higher than those of control group (P < 0.05), and the clinical recovery time of treatment group was lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in treatment group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels were increased in treatment group, which were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05); CD8+ level was decreased in both groups, and the level in treatment group was significantly lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Shenling Baishu San combined with antibiotics has a remarkable effect in the treatment of senile community-acquired pneumonia with syndrome of Qi deficiency of both lung and spleen, with an important role in inhibiting the body's inflammatory response and enhancing the immune function.关键词：Shenling Baishu San;community-acquired pneumonia;syndrome of Qi deficiency of both lung and spleen;clinical efficacy;inflammatory factor;immune function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical effect and safety of Tongbian decoction in the treatment of elderly patients with laxative constipation, and investigate its possible mechanism. Method: A multicenter, large sample, randomized controlled clinical trial was designed.Ninety-two elderly patients with slow transit constipation (STC) were randomly divided into treatment group (Tongbian decoction, 47 cases) and control group (Clostridium butyricum powder, 45 cases).The treatment course of each group was 30 days.The clinical symptom score, fecal character score and clinical efficiency of constipation were observed before and after treatment in both groups.PCA-QOL score was used to evaluate the life quality in both groups.Short chain fatty acid and butyric acid contents in feces were detected; and the recurrence rates and adverse reactions after drug withdrawal for 4, 8 weeks were also observed. Result: The total clinical efficacy was 91.4% in treatment group, superior to 80.0% in control group, with statistical difference.After treatment by Tongbian decoction, the treatment group could significantly increase the short chain fatty acid and butyric acid contents in feces (P < 0.01), improve defecation character score, defecation time score, defecation interval score, interval difficulty score and principal components analysis (PCA)-QOL score (P < 0.05).The recurrence rates in treatment groups were lower than those in control group after drug withdrawal for 4 weeks and 8 weeks, without significant adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion: It is worth spreading that Tongbian decoction can decrease the recurrence incidence of laxative constipation with an significant role in clinical effect, and its effect may be relevant to rising short chain fatty acids and acid casein in feces, thus improving colonic motility.关键词：laxative constipation;Tongbian decoction;score of patient assessment of constipation-quality of life;short-chain fatty acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Tangshen prescription combined with beraprost sodium on inflammatory factors and safety of patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Method: The randomized parallel control study was carried on among three groups, which were the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) group (Tangshen prescription), the western medicine group (beraprost sodium) and the combined group (combination of the two medicines). Clinical curative effect, symptom score, fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), and relevant inflammatory factors, such as interleukin (IL)-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were observed before and after the administration. Result: After treatment, all of the indexes in each group were significantly reduced, compared with before treatment. Compared with western medicine group, the level of FBG in TCM group was significantly lower, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The level of IL-18 in western medicine group was lower than that of traditional Chinese medicine group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Compared with group, the total clinical efficiency of combined group increased, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05); and it was also increased in combined group, compared with western medicine group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). In improving the deficiency of spleen Qi (soreness and weakness of waist and knees and thirst without desire to drink), and reducing the levels of FBG, UAER and inflammatory factors, the combined group was superior to both group and western medicine group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). In releasing the deficiency of spleen Qi (fatigue, anorexia and swollen limbs), combined group was superior to western medicine group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). No serious adverse reaction was found in three groups. Conclusion: Tangshen prescription combined with beraprost sodium could enhance the effect of reducing proteinuria and inflammation, with a better effect in treatment of DKD at the clinical stage.关键词：Tangshen prescription;beraprost sodium;diabetic kidney disease;inflammatory factor;syndrome score;clinical observation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical curative effect and the mechanism of Tongluoling tincture combined with intermediate frequency import in patients with phlegm-blood stasis type rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method: The 120 patients with phlegm-blood stasis type RA were randomly divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (60 cases) by random number table.Both groups took joint function exercise according to guide, and patients in control group received intermediate frequency import of lidocaine injection, 20 min/time, 1 time/day, while patients in observation group received intermediate frequency import of Tongluoling tincture, 20 min/time, 1 time/day.The swollen joint count, tender joint count, morning stiff time, and mean grip strength were observed before and after treatment in both groups; numeric pain scale (NPS) scores, health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) scores, disease activity score using 28 joint counts (DAS28) were recorded before and after treatment in two groups.Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were detected before and after treatment.In addition, the adverse reactions were observed in two groups. Result: The total rate of clinical effect was 88.33% in observation group, higher than 71.67% in control group (χ2=5.208, P < 0.05).After treatment, swollen joint count, tender joint count, and morning stiff time in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01); mean grip strength in observation group was higher than that in control group (P < 0.01); scores of NPS, HAQ and DAS28 in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01); levels of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), TNF-α, and BAP in observation group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01), while level of IL-10 in observation group was higher than that in control group (P < 0.01).There were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups of patients. Conclusion: Based on joint function exercise, Tongluoling tincture combined with intermediate frequency import has significant clinical efficacy and safety in treatment of phlegm-blood stasis type RA, and the mechanism of action may be related with decreasing VEGF, TNF-α, BAP and increasing IL-10.关键词：Tongluoling tincture;intermediate frequency import;phlegm-blood stasis type;rheumatoid arthritis;vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF);tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α;bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP);interleukin (IL)-10
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the effect of different administration routes with Shuangjinlian mixture on exopathic fever of children. Method: A total of 122 children with exopathic fever were randomly divided into clysis group (62 cases) and oral group (60 cases). Clysis group was given Shuangjinlian mixture by clysis administration, while the oral group was treated with Shuangjinlian mixture by oral administration. Clinical curative effect, scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms, interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in two groups, and average onset time of fever receding, average antipyretic time and average time of complete fever receding of two groups were observed. Result: The average onset time of fever receding, the average fever antipyretic time and the average time of complete fever receding of the clysis group were significantly shorter than those of oral group (P < 0.05). After treatment, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α levels in two groups were significantly decreased, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). And the two indicators in treatment group were significantly better than those in control group, with significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). The curative effect of the clysis group was obviously superior to that of oral group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Shuangjinlian mixture has a satisfactory clinical efficacy in treating pediatric exogenous fever. Clysis is an effective route of administration and good compliance among children patients, which were better than oral administration, and thus worth of clinical application. Therefore, clysis can be used as the first choice in treatment of children patients with exopathic fever.关键词：Shuangjinlian mixture;administration route;children;exopathic fever
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Jianpi Shudan Jiangzhuo prescription in treating impaired glucose regulation(IGR) and its effect on adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Method: A total of 96 patients of IGR were randomly divided into treatment group (48 cases, treated with Jianpi Shudan Jiangzhuo prescription) and control group (48 cases, treated with metformin hydrochloride). Both groups received health education and life intervention. The treatment course lasted for 12 weeks. The changes in therapeutic efficacy, Chinese medicine syndrome score, fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial glucose (2 h PG), fasting insulin (FINS), 2 h postprandial insulin (2 hINS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), adiponectin, IL-6 and TNF-α were observed and compared. Result: After treatment, the total effective rate in treatment group was obviously higher than that in control group (P < 0.05), and the clinical outcomes of Chinese medicine syndrome score, FPG, 2 hPG, FINS, 2 hINS, HbA1c, TC, TG, IL-6 and TNF-α of both groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), adiponectin increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with control group, Chinese medicine syndrome score, 2 hINS, TC, TG and TNF-α of treatment group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in adiponectin level. There was no obvious adverse reaction during the treatment. Conclusion: Jianpi Shudan Jiangzhuo prescription canobviously improve the clinical symptoms of IGR and alleviate the level of blood glucose. The mechanism may be correlated with alleviation of insulin resistance, elevation of the level of adiponectin and reduction of the level of inflammatory factors.关键词：impaired glucose regulation;stagnation of gallbladder;Jianpi Shudan Jiangzhuo prescription;adiponectin;tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α);interleukin-6 (IL-6)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Qingshi Zhiyang ointment combined with modified Xiaofeng Zhiyang decoction treating neurodermatitis, and its impact on itching medium and inflammatory factors. Method: One hundred and sixty patients were randomly divided into western medicine(TCM) group in 80 cases and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) group in 80 cases. Patients in western medicine group was given Mometasic Fumarate cream twice daily, and loratadine tablets, 10 mg/time, 1 time/day. A course of treatment was 21 days. Patients in TCM group was given Qingshi Zhiyang ointment twice daily, and modified Xiaofeng Zhiyang decoction, 1 dose/day. A course of treatment was 21 days. Before and after treatment, itching degree was evaluated by visual simulation score (VAS), degree of skin damage was evaluated by eczema area and severity index (EASI), scores of TCM syndromes was graded, and quality of life was graded by quality of skin care (DIQL). And before and after treatment, levels of serotonin (5-HT), histamine, substance P (SP), beta-endorphin (β-EP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected. Result: The total effect rate of clinical efficacy of TCM group was 95.95%, which was higher than 84.93% in western medicine group (χ2=5.173, P < 0.05). The total effect rate of TCM symptoms in TCM group was 95.95%, which was higher than 78.08% in western medicine group (χ2=10.419, P < 0.01). After treatment, scores of VAS, EASI, TCM symptoms and DIQL in TCM group were all lower than those in western medicine group (P < 0.01). And levels of 5-HT, histamine, SP, β-EP, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were all lower than those in western medicine group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Compared with routine western medicine therapy, Qingshi Zhiyang ointment combined with modified Xiaofeng Zhiyang decoction can reduce itching of patient, ameliorate skin lesions, reduce scores of TCM syndromes, improve the quality of life of patients, and regulate chemical medium causing itching and immune inflammatory factors, with a better disease efficacy and TCM syndromes.关键词：neurodermatitis;Qingshi Zhiyang ointment;Xiaofeng Zhiyang decoction;itching medium;inflammatory factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of Gongliuxiao capsules on endometriosis (EMs) with Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and investigate their effect on levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Method: One hundred and twenty-eight patients with Ems were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table, 64 cases in each group. Two groups of patients were treated with Gestrinone capsules, 2.5 mg/times, 2 times/week, first days after menstruation, weekly fixed time medication. Patients in observation group got Gongliuxiao capsules, 4 capsules/time, 3 times/day. 6 menstrual cycles were course of treatment in both groups. Menstrual pain was recorded by visual simulation score (VAS), and scores of non-menstrual pelvic pain, sexual intercourse pain, pelvic tenderness, sacral ligament tenderness nodules and blood stasis syndrome were graded before and after treatment. In addition, levels of carcinoembryonic antigen 125 (CA125), CA199, VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, bFGF, TGF-β1 and TNF-α were detected before and after treatment. Result: The total effective rate was 91.67% in observation group, higher than 76.27% in control group (χ2=5.255, P < 0.05). At the 4th, 5th, 6th menstrual cycle, VAS in observation group was lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). Scores of non-menstrual pelvic pain, sexual intercourse pain, pelvic tenderness, sacral ligament tenderness nodules and blood stasis syndrome in observation group were all lower than those in control group after treatment (P < 0.01), and scores of CA125, CA199, VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, bFGF, TGF-β1 and TNF-α were all lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Gongliuxiao capsules can ameliorate pain-related symptoms, improve clinical efficacy, reduce levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as VEGF, and promote the formation of neovascularization from different targets to control the condition.关键词：endometriosis;Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome;Gongliuxiao capsules;proinflammatory cytokines;angiogenesis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study on the effective molecular mechanism of Indigo Naturalis in intervening K562 cell of chronic myelocytic leukemia(CML) under the guidance of protein-protein interaction network,the molecular docking technique and in vitro cell experiment. Method: CML-related genes were obtained by screening the online mendelian inheritance in man database(OMIM),then String 10.0 was used for text mining and constructing the CML protein-protein interaction network,the interaction data were input in Cytoscape 3.4.0 software and plug-in CentiScaPe 2.1 was used to implement topology analysis.Small active substances of Indigo Naturalis were obtained from a third-party database,which were optimized by Chemoffice 8.0 and Sybyl 8.1,then small molecular ligand library was obtained the molecular docking was carried out by Surflex-Dock module and the target,the key target was received after scoring.After in vitro experiment was designed,MTT assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of proliferation of K562 cell in blank group(drug-free serum) and experimental group(10%,20% and 30% serum contained Indigo Naturalis) at 24,48,72 h,while the expression of JAK2 protein was detected by Western blot. Result: Protein-protein interaction network of CML was constructed,which consisting of 425 nodes (proteins) and 2 799 sides (interactions),the key gene JAK2 was got by further analyzed.Indigo Naturalis can inhibit the proliferation of K562 cell and reduce the expression of JAK2 protein. Conclusion: CML is a complex disease controlled by polygene,JAK2 is likely to be a key node,the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of Indigo Naturalis on the proliferation of K562 cell may relate to the down-regulation of JAK2 protein by indirubin.关键词：Indigo Naturalis;chronic myelocytic leukemia;protein;interaction network;molecular docking;janus kinase 2;indirubin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma in the treatment of heart failure. Method: Protein-protein interaction network related to heart failure was constructed, and targets related to 24 active chemical components from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma were predicted. Active compound-predicted target network, active compound-potential target network related to heart failure, and potential target-pathway network were constructed to explore the mechanism of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma in the treatment of heart failure. Result: The active compound-potential target network of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma related to heart failure contained 23 targets, in which key targets involved Carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2), Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1 (HSD11B1), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A (FKBP1A), cAMP-specific 3,5-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D), and heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha (HSP90AA1). In Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, there were 7 KEGG pathways, mainly involving Renin-angiotensin system. Conclusion: The findings preliminarily verify and predict the basic pharmacological effects and relevant mechanisms of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma in the treatment of heart failure, in order to lay a solid foundation for further studies on the mechanism of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma in the treatment of heart failure.关键词：Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Zingiberis Rhizoma;heart failure;network pharmacology;protein-protein interaction network;target;signaling pathway
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Flavonoids have a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-thrombosis, antibacterial, antiviral, and hypolipidemic, etc. As a commonly used safe edible fungi, Aspergillus niger is widely used in microbial transformation and plays an important role in the biotransformation of flavonoids. This paper reviews the progress of biotransformation of flavonoids and their derivatives in A. niger at home and abroad in recent 15 years in order to provide reference for the further development and application of A. niger. The results showed that the main types of flavonoids participated in biotransformation were flavone, flavonoid glycoside, flavanone, chalcone, polymethoxyflavonoids, and isoflavanone. Hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, methylation, demethylation, carbonylation, decarbonylation, glycosylation, and de-glycosylation were the main reactions. The transformation mechanism may be generated with enzyme involved, and would develop conversion products after the occurrence of the above reaction. The study on the progress of the transformation of flavonoids from A. niger was carried out not only to provide theoretical guidance for the application of A. niger to the actual production of flavonoids,but also lay the theoretical basis and reference for the microbial efficient transformation of chemical compositions with pharmacological activity.关键词：Aspergillus niger;fermentation;biotransformation;flavonoids;research progress
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Prescriptions are the main clinical application form of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), carrier of TCM, and its compatibility regularity and formulation principle are the essences of TCM theories. Pharmacological research of prescriptions is the key point of modern TCM study. Its difficulty is based on the various pathogenesis and TCM combinations. Modern scientific technology could significantly promote the modernization, scientific and innovative development of TCM theories. Modern studies on TCM should focus on TCM theories, and be integrated with modern system theories and technological methods, so as to reveal the mechanism of TCM prescriptions for preventing and treating disease theories in an all-round way. In recent years, pharmacological research methods are mainly concentrated in the following aspects, namely whole prescription study, decomposed prescription study, comparative study on similar prescriptions, dosage form study, decoction method study and pharmacokinetic study. The pharmacology methods are combined with modern techniques, such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, molecular chemistry, serum pharmacochemistry of TCM, prescription metabonomics, genomics and proteomics, so as to promote the prescription development significantly. Each method has its own application range and advantages, but some shortages, such as holistic TCM concept deficiency, separation between whole and parts, separation between macroscopic and microscopic views, and methods limitations. Therefore, we make conclusions on the above methods, in order to make good combination on prescriptions and modern techniques, avoid limitations and promote pharmacological research development.关键词：prescription;compatibility regularity;theory of traditional Chinese medicine;decomposed prescription;Pharmacological study;experimental method
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发布时间：2024-01-04
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