最新刊期
卷 22 ， 期 16 ， 2016
- 摘要：Objective: To explore and confirm the bioequiavailability between Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos,and provide a new solution for the dispute between them. Method: Three groups of rats were treated with 2 mL of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract,Lonicerae Flos extract and ultrapure water by oral administration,respectively.Blood taking time points were 0.25,0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,12,24 h,then determined by HPLC and calculated pharmacokinetic parameters and spectral parameters by chromatokinetics formula. Result: Total amount of zero-order moment,the first and second-order moment of overall drug metabolism,the first and second-order moment of total amount of fingerprint characteristic peaks of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were 1 621.014 μg·min·L-1,12.632 min,34.717 min2,16.088 min and 16.626 min2;these parameters of Lonicerae Flos were 1 769.339 μg·min·L-1,13.308 min,38.929 min2,16.569 min and 17.391 min2,respectively.These parameters between Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos had no significant difference. Conclusion: Plasma concentration of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos can keep pace with the time,they have the same in vivo metabolic effects.关键词：Lonicerae Japonicae Flos;Lonicerae Flos;chromatokinetics of Chinese materia medica;fingerprint;bioequiavailability
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare difference between gastrointestinal absorption of oleuropein and its aglycone (hydroxytyrosol) in rats,analyze metabolites of oleuropein in rats,and provide a scientific basis for research on synergistic mechanism of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus steamed with wine. Method: Gastrointestinal perfusion model of rats was used,contents of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol in the gastrointestinal perfusion effluent of rats were detected by HPLC after administrating at different time points,absorption rate constant (Ka) and cumulative absorption rate were calculated.The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution for gradient elution,detection wavelength was set at 240 nm.By positioning of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol reference,metabolites of oleuropein in rat's stomach and small intestine were determined. Result: Cumulative absorption rate in 4 h and Ka of hydroxytyrosol in rat stomach and small intestine were significantly higher than oleuropein.Hydroxytyrosol can be detected in rat stomach and intestine metabolites after pouring into oleuropein. Conclusion: Compared with oleuropein,hydroxytyrosol is more conducive to be absorbed by the body.Oleuropein can be metabolized into hydroxytyrosol both in rat stomach and small intestine.关键词：oleuropein;hydroxytyrosol;gastrointestinal absorption;phenol red;Ligustri Lucidi Fructus
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a HPLC-PDA method for simultaneous determination of atractylenolide Ⅰ and Ⅲ in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,compare contents of these two constituents under sulfur-fumigation and ventilation baking,then explore a ventilation baking method to substitute sulfur-fumigation as the best processing method. Method: Analysis of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma extract under sulfur-fumigation and ventilation baking was performed on Inertsil® ODS-SP column,mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (52:48),flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1,column temperature was maintained at 40℃ and chromatograms were monitored at 220 nm. Result: Good linear relationships of atractylenolide Ⅰ and Ⅲ were in the ranges of 20.4-326.4 ng and 20.9-334.4 ng with r>0.999 5,their average recoveries were 99.43% and 99.20% with RSD of 0.2% and 0.3%,respectively.Contents of atractylenolide Ⅰ and Ⅲ in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma baked at 70℃ was the highest. Conclusion: High temperature baking and sulfur fumigation will reduce contents of atractylenolides,baking at 70℃ is the best processing method to substitute sulfur-fumigation for Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.The method is convenient,reliable and safe.关键词：Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma;baking temperature;sulfur-fumigation;atractylenolide Ⅰ;atractylenolide Ⅲ
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To identify chemical components in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus by simulation of its steamed products with four secoiridoid glycosides,and discuss transformation mechanism of secoiridoid glycosides in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus during steaming process. Method: HPLC was employed with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid solution for gradient elution and detection wavelength at 240 nm.Agilent 6230 LC-TOF/MS coupling system was adopted.Chemical components in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus by simulation of its steamed products with four secoiridoid glycosides were determined by reference positioning,mass spectrometry data and literature reference. Result: Olivanic acid was determined in four simulation of steamed products;salidroside and two kinds of specnuezhenide isomers were detected in specnuezhenide simulation of steamed products;3,4-dihydroxy-ethyl-β-D-glucoside was identified in neonuezhenide simulation of steamed products;oleuropein and ligustroside simulation of steamed products were detected their respective glycosides of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. Conclusion: Property of secoiridoid glycosides in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus is instable,water and heating can make them hydrolysis to produce its secondary glycosides or glycosides,specnuezhenide can convert into its isomer during simulation process.The enhancement of tonifying liver and kidney efficacy of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus is closely related to hydrolysis of its secoiridoid glycosides.关键词：secoiridoid glycoside;steamed products;transformation mechanism;Ligustri Lucidi Fructus;specnuezhenide;olivanic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize formulation process of Dioscoreae Rhizoma polysaccharide liposomes and investigate its characterization. Method: The liposomes was prepared by the reverse evaporation-microporous membrane extrusion method.Taking lecithin concentration,ratio of lecithin to cholesterol and ratio of drug to lipid as factors,orthogonal test was adopted to optimize formulation process with entrapment efficiency as index.High-speed centrifugation was developed for determination of entrapment efficiency.The content of Dioscoreae Rhizoma polysaccharide was measured by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Result: Optimum formulation of Dioscoreae Rhizoma polysaccharide liposomes was as following:lecithin concentration of 12 g·L-1,lecithin-cholesterol (6:1),drug-lipid (1:15).These average values of particle size,polydispersity index and Zeta potential were 121.6 nm,0.136 and -31.8 mV,entrapment efficiency and drug loading were 83.29%and 3.83%,respectively. Conclusion: This optimized process is stable and feasible.Dioscoreae Rhizoma polysaccharide liposomes has round shape,uniform particle size distribution and high entrapment efficiency.关键词：Dioscoreae Rhizoma;total polysaccharides;liposomes;reverse evaporation method;entrapment efficiency
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize extraction conditions of Gangxi Ⅱ gels. Method: UPLC was employed to determine contents of berberine hydrochloride,rutin and quercetin in gels with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid solution for gradient elution,flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1 and detection wavelength at 260 nm.Taking composite score of extracting amounts of berberine hydrochloride,rutin and quercetin as index,orthogonal test and single factor tests were adopted to optimize extraction process. Result: Optimum extraction technology was:extracted thrice with 10 times the amount of water for 1 hour of per time;under these conditions,extracting amounts of rutin,berberine hydrochloride and quercetin were 9.154,1.264, 0.734 mg·g-1,respectively. Conclusion: This optimized technology is stable and feasible,which offers expermental basis for further development of Gangxi Ⅱ gels.关键词：extraction technology;orthogonal test;berberine hydrochloride;rutin;quercetin;comprehensive scoring method
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the secondary metabolites from endophytic fungus of Astragalus membranaceus. Method: The compounds were isolated by repeated silica gel column chromatography combined with Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography and identified on the basis of physic-chemical constants and spectral analysis. Result: Eight compounds were obtained and elucidated as 23-methylergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6α-triol (1), 5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol (2), cyclotryprostatins A (3), cyclotryprostatins C (4), trypacidin (5), monomethylsulochrin (6), fumiquinazoline D (7) and fumiquinazoline J (8). Conclusion: The eight compounds were obtained from the endophytic fungus of Astragalus membranaceus for the first time.关键词：endophytic fungi;astragalus membranaceus;Penicillium sp.;secondary metabolites
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the content determination method for flavonoids ingredients (quercetin-3-rutinoside)in Guizhou Miao medicine Laportea bulbifera, find out the dominant environmental factors which impact the original differences of quality in Guizhou Miao medicine L. bifera by gray correlation analysis, and discuss the influence of environmental factors on formation mechanism of quality in medicinal materials L. bifera. Method: HPLC method was employed to measure the difference of quercetin-3-rutinoside content of Guizhou Miao medicine L. bifera from different producing areas, with acetonitrile-methyl alcohol-water (15:15:70) as the mobile phase. The wavelength was set at 360 nm. The ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, pH and water in the soil of different producing areas were determined by soil nutrients tester; geographical climatic factors were obtained by consulting the meteorological department near the place of origin and by GPS and altitude meter. The correlation between flavonoids ingredient (quercetin-3-rutinoside) content and climate and soil factors was analyzed by grey correlation analysis. Result: The content of quercetin-3-rutinoside of L. bifera from different producing areaswas 0.094 6-4.969 mg·g-1 due to the great influence of geographical climate factors. Conclusion: The established determination method for flavonoids contents of medicinal material of L. bifera is easy, fast, accurate and feasible. It can be used as the quality control method for medicinal materials L. bifera. The dominant environmental factors were ensured by gray correlation analysis. It provides preliminary experimental basis for selection of excellent germplasm resources and GAP standardized planting. It also provides experimental basis to improve the quality standard of the medicinal materials of Guizhou Miao medicine L. bifera.关键词：Miao medicine Laportea bifera;contents of quercetin-3-rutinoside;environment factors;formation mechanism of quality;grey correlation degree
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the differences in the content of effective constituents of Bletillae Rhizoma from areas with different altitudes, in order to explore the correlation between the altitudes and the contents of effective constituents. Method: The content of 4-hydroxymethylphenyl β-D-glucoside (1), blestroside(2), dactylorhin A(3), militarine(4), dihydrophenanthrenes 5(5), gymnosides V(6), dihydrophenanthrenes 1(7), benzylphenanthrenes 3(8), gymnosides IX(9) were determined by UPLC. The correlation between the contents of nine kinds of components and the altitude was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Result: The total effective constituents from areas with different altitudes had significant differences. The samples from areas with altitudes between 779-1 337 m showed a higher content of total effective constituents, which rose with the increase of the altitude. Conclusion: Altitude is closely related to the content of effective constituents of Bletillae Rhizoma from Guizhou Province, which suggests that this herb shall be planted in areas with altitudes between 800-1 300 m.关键词：Bletillae Rhizoma;main constituent;altitude;correlation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To simultaneously determine the content of three components vanillin, coniferyl aldehyde, trans-[tetrahydro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxofuran-3-yl] methyl benzoate in the Benzoinum by HPLC. Method: HPLC was performed on a Phenomenex Luna C18(2) (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column, with methanol and water as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL·min-1. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. Result: All of the three components achieved baseline separation, with a good linear relationship. The average recovery rate was 99.51%, 101.25%, 100.71%respectively. Conclusion: This method is sensitive, accurate, reproducible and stable, and so can be used for the determination of the three components in Benzoinum, and provide reference for the quality control over the Benzoinum.关键词：Benzoinum;vanillin;coniferyl aldehyde;trans-[tetrahydro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxofuran-3-yl] methyl benzoate
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: This study evaluated the medicinal value of different tissue fractions of different varieties of Paridis Rhizoma. Method: Polyphyllin was extracted respectively from underground rhizomes, stems, leaves, seeds, peels and testa of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis, P. polyphylla,P. fargesii var. fargesii and P. Polyphylla var. stenophylla. The content of polyphyllin Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅵ and Ⅶ were detected using HPLC method. Result: Total polyphyllin content in the underground rhizomes of the four varieties of Paridis Rhizoma was higher than that in their aboveground fractions; specifically, the total polyphyllin content in underground rhizomes of P. polyphylla was the highest, which was 26.34 mg·g-1. In terms of different aboveground fractions, polyphyllin Ⅰ content in the peels, polyphyllin Ⅵ content in the seeds and polyphyllin Ⅶ content in the testa of P. polyphylla were the highest, which were 10.18, 0.84, 8.61 mg·g-1, respectively. Polyphyllin Ⅱ content in the seeds of P. fargesii var. fargesii was the highest, which was 1.1 mg·g-1. Conclusion: Due to the highest total polyphyllin content in either underground rhizomes and the whole plant of P. polyphylla among the four varieties of Paridis Rhizoma, P. polyphylla could be used as a good variety for future artificial cultivation. Polyphyllin Ⅰ content in the stems, peels and testa of Paridis Rhizoma presented positive correlations with the polyphyllin Ⅰ content in the underground rhizomes, suggesting that the medicinal value of the underground rhizomes could be preliminarily evaluated through detection of polyphyllin Ⅰ content in the aboveground fractions.关键词：Paridis Rhizoma;different tissue fractions;polyphyllin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study chemical constituents of Guangxi characteristic medicine Pegia sarmentosa. Method: The slica column chromatography and recrystallization were used to isolate and purify chemical constituents of P. sarmentosa. Result: Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol palmitate (1), vitamin E (2), tetracosanoic acid (3), taraxerol (4), stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (5), heptadecanoic acid (6), glyceryl hexacosanoate (7), stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (8), glyceryl heptacosanoate (9), ethyl gallate (10), scopoletin (11), 3,3',4'-tri-O-methylellagic acid (12), gallic acid (13). Conclusion: Compounds 1-13 were isolated from this plant for the first time.关键词：Pegia sarmentosa;β-sitosterol palmitate;vitamin E;tetracosanoic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the isolation, puriffication and structural analysis of the polysaccharides from the Curculiginis Rhizoma. The work will provide the theoretical foundation for the further application of Curculiginis Rhizoma polysaccharides. Method: The crude polysaccharide was obtained by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and freezedrying. After further purification by DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography, pure polysaccharide (XMP-1) was achieved. The structural of XMP-1 was elucidated by GPC, UV, IR and GC-MS. Result: XMP-1 was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose with a molar ratio of 81.2:5.7:1. Total carbohydrate content of XMP-1 was 91.8% and the molecular weight was 3 031 Da. XMP-1 have no nucleic aicd, protein and pigment. IR chromatography showed that XMP-1 has pyrane characteristic absorption peak. XMP-1 in molecular conformation in aqueous solution can be naturally curly structure. Conclusion: XMP-1 is a kind of small molecular weight neutral pure heterosaccharides.关键词：Curculiginis Rhizoma;polysaccharide;separation;structural analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a new method for rapidly determining the water content in Arisaematis Rhizoma using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Method: The water content in Arisaematis Rhizoma was determined by the oven drying method, and the multivariate calibration model between the measured content and the NIR spectrum was established by the partial least square (PLS) regression method. The established model was optimized and evaluated using the correlation coefficient (R), the root-mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC), the root mean square of cross-validation (RMSECV) and the root mean square of prediction (RMSEP). The accuracy of the calibration model was tested by comparing the predicted values and the measured values of the water contents in samples of the prediction model. Result: The NIR spectra were processed by the second derivative spectrophotometry, and the optimal spectral intervals for establishing model ranged between 4 774-9 845 cm-1, and six optimal principle components were included. Under the optimal conditions, the quantitative calibration model was established, with R of 0.990 6, RMSEC of 0.16 and RMSECV of 0.38.According to the external validation, the RMSEP and average recovery of the calibration model were 0.298 and 99.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The near-infrared spectroscopy quantitative model established in this study is stable, accurate and reliable for the rapid determination of the water content in Arisaematis Rhizoma.关键词：near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS);partial least squares (PLS);nondestructive analysis;Arisaematis Rhizoma;water content
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To determine ferulic acid in Angelicae Sinensis Radix by HPLC, while establishing their fingerprints to explore differences in ferulic acid content and fingerprint between the original drugs and the medicinal powder after the blending, in order to find ways to standardize the quality of drugs. Method: The blending target for ferulic acid is 130%according to pharmacopoeia standards. The reference fingerprint is based on nine different batches of Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Fingerprints and ferulic acid data were collected after the blending. Result: After blending, content result was close to the target, with a deviation of less than ±10%, and the fingerprint similarity after the blending was above 0.980. Conclusion: After different batches of pieces were processed by stepwise blending method, the index component content was close to the target, and fingerprint similarity became consistent, indicating that the quality consistency of Chinese materia medica increased significantly. The method was accurate and simple, with no need to use complexity mathematical software, and so can be used as a new method for blending Chinese materia medica pieces.关键词：stepwise blending method;blending;ferulic acid;Angelicae Sinensis Radix
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the changes in chemical component content in fungal substance of Trametes robiniophila/Isatidis Radix co-fermentation system. Method: Chloroform and water were used respectively to extract fat-soluble and water-soluble components in fungal substance at the different fermentation time. The fat-soluble and water-soluble fractions of the co-fermentation system were analyzed by UPLC-MS, and the obviously changed chromatographic peak in the fermentation process was identified to determine the molecular structure. Result: There were 11 chromatographic peaks isolated in the fat-soluble part of Trametes robiniophila/Isatidis Radix fungal substance, and eight compounds were identified by mass spectrometry. They were 3-formaldehyde indole, hypoxanthine, 2,4-quinazoline diketone, clove acid, (E)-3-(3',5'-2) methoxy-4'-(hydroxy benzal)-2-indole ketone, 2, 5-2 hydroxy indole, guanine, and indigo red, respectively. In the water-soluble part, eight chromatographic peaks were isolated and identified by mass spectrometry. The five compounds were arginine, licorice essence, adenine, epigoitrin, and lubricious amine ketone, respectively. Conclusion: The 13 isolated compounds with various pharmacodynamics effects provide a theoretical basis for follow-up pharmacodynamics studies.关键词：UPLC-MS;Trametes robiniophila;Isatidls Radix;co-fermentation system;change in chemical component content in fungal substance
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a HPLC method for determination of the contents of vanillic acid, syringic acid, and ferulic acid in the Corallodiscus flabeilatus. Method: The contents of vanillic acid, syringic acid, and ferulic acid were detected under the following conditions:Agilent TC18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column, withacetonitrile (A)-0.2%phosphoric acid solution(B)as the mobile phase for gradient elution (0-22 min, 10%-13%A; 22-30 min, 13%A). The detection wavelength was 290 nm. The column temperature was 40℃, and flow rate was 1 mL·min-1. Result: Vanillic acid showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.092-0.46 μg (r=0.999 7), with an average recovery of 98.47%and RSD of 1.7%(n=6). Syringic acid showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.092-0.46 μg (r=0.999 6), with an average recovery of 98.07%and RSD of 1.9%(n=6). Ferulic acid showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.073 6-0.368 μg (r=0.999 5), with an average recovery of 98.58%and RSD of 1.4%(n=6). The results showed the content was 0.265 mg·g-1for vanillic acid,0.159 mg·g-1for syringic acid and 0.085 mg·g-1for ferulic acidin tested 6 batches of C. flabeilatus. Conclusion: The study showed that the HPLC method could detect the contents of vanillic acid, syringic acid, and ferulic acid in C. flabeilatus. This method is simple, highly specific, and reliable, which can be used for the quantitative control of C. flabeilatus.关键词：Corallodiscus flabeilatus;vanillic acid;syringic acid;ferulic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate pharmacokinetic characteristics of total saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma in rats. Method: Rat acute gout arthritis model induced by monosodium urate crystal suspension was used,taking inflammatory levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as indexes,pharmacological effect method was adopted to estimate pharmacokinetic characteristics of total saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma in rats. Result: Main pharmacokinetic parameters were as following:AUC0-t of 121.84 ng·h·L-1,AUC0-∞ of 542.56 ng·h·L-1,MRT0-t of 5.92 h,MRT0-∞ of 45.95 h,tmax of 1.96 h,Cmax of 13.21 ng·L-1. Conclusion: Apparent kinetics of total saponins from Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma in rats accords with single compartment model.关键词：Dioscoreae Nipponicae Rhizoma;total saponins;pharmacological effect method;pharmacokinetic parameters;monosodium urate;interleukin-1β;tumor necrosis factor-α
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate effect of compatibility of Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus on pharmacokinetics of ephedrine in rats by microdialysis. Method: The suitable microdialysis sampleing technical conditions of ephedrine were developed by investigating the velocity,the concentration of ephedrine and other factors.Rat plasma samples were collected by microdialysis sampling technique,Rats were given ephedrine,Ephedrae Herba and herb pair of Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus solutions.The concentration of ephedrine was determined by LC-MS at different times.Pharmacokinetic differences of three groups were compared by DAS 3.0 software. Result: The suitable conditions of microdialysis for ephedrine were the velocity of 1.5 μL·min-1,sample interval for 20 min and sample concentration within 0.1-3.0 mg·L-1.There were no difference of AUC in three groups.Compared with the ephedrine group,Tmaxand Cmax of the Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus (3:2) group had no statistical significance;while their T1/2,MRT,CLZ/F and VZ/F had statistical significance.By comparing with the Ephedrae Herba group,Cmax of the Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus (3:2) group had no statistical significance,but their Tmax,T1/2,MRT,CLZ/F and VZ/F had statistical significance. Conclusion: Compatibility of Ephedrae Herba-Cinnamomi Ramulus accelerates the metabolism of ephedrine,and it may be the reason why Ephedrae Herba is relatively safe when compatibility with Cinnamomi Ramulus.关键词：Ephedrae Herba;Cinnamomi Ramulus;herb pair;microdialysis;pharmacokinetics;ephedrine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the influence of dose change of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on active components alignment in Dahuang Gancao Tang by using single factor analysis,to provide scientific basis for clinical rational use of this prescription and establishing the quality standard of traditional Chinese medicine. Method: HPLC-DAD was employed to determine the content of aloeemodin-rhein-glycyrrhizic acid-emodin-chrysophanol-physcion (λ=254 nm),liquiritin-liquiritigenin (λ=276 nm),sennoside B-sennoside A-isoliquiritin-isoliquiritigenin (λ=360 nm) in Dahuang Gancao Tang with different compatibility of herbs. Result: When compatible dose of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma or Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in Dahuang Gancao Tang increased,contents of active components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma or Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma reduced without exception.When compatible dose of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma stayed 12 g/3 g,contents of liquiritin-isoliquiritin-liquiritigenin-isoliquiritigenin-glycyrrhizic acid were (1 258.03±35.52),(115.26±7.88),(246.09±4.02),(15.41±0.20),(1 823.44±23.44) μg·g-1;contents of sennoside B-sennoside A-aloeemodin-rhein-glycyrrhizic acid-emodin-chrysophano1-physcion were (124.51±0.60),(189.91±7.04),(214.03±6.08),(1 110.60±24.36),(193.83±0.95),(133.21±3.28),(51.26±1.00) μg·g-1. Conclusion: As compatible dose of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma dose changing,dissolution of active components alignment in Dahuang Gancao Tang is significantly different by comparing with classic compatibility,efficacy of Dahuang Gancao Tang changes with compatible dose.Changes of compatible dose of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) have significant influence on active components alignment in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma),itself and Dahuang Gancao Tang.Influence of dose of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on active components alignment in Dahuang Gancao Tang is stronger than that of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.关键词：Dahuang Gancao Tang;active components;compatible dose;liquiritigenin;Rhei Radix et Rhizoma;Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;chrysophanol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of Platycodonis Radix combined with Cnidii Fructus-Psoraleae Fructus on C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)-C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis in nude mice with bone metastasis of breast cancer. Method: The model of bone metastasis of breast cancer in nude mice were established by left ventricle injection of MDA-MB-231BO cells. The modeled mice were treated with traditional Chinese medicine decoction ‘Cnidii Fructus 1.28 g -Psoraleae Fructus 1.28 g’, ‘Cnidii Fructus 1.28 g-Psoraleae Fructus 1.28 g -Platycodonis Radix 0.32 g’ and ‘Cnidii Fructus 1.28 g-Psoraleae Fructus 1.28 g-Cyathulae Radix 0.32 g’. After the interventions, the nude mice models were observed for the effects of the treatment methods on upper limb and lower limb bone metastasis damages and degree of bone metastases, CXCL12 and CXCR4 mRNA expressions and protein expressions in bone metastasis lesions of upper and lower limbs were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Result: Cnidii Fructus-Psoraleae Fructus had certain inhibitory effects on bone metastasis degree, bone damage degree of upper limb and lower limb, as well as CXCL12 and CXCR4 gene expressions in bone metastases tissues (P<0.05). The upward medicinal guide drug Platycodonis Radix can enhance the inhibitory effect of Cnidii Fructus-Psoraleae Fructus on bone metastasis degree, bone damage degree of upper limb, as well as mRNA and protein expressions of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in bone metastasis tissues (P<0.05). The downward medicinal guide drug Achyranthes had no obvious effects on the above indexes. Conclusion: Platycodonis Radix can enhance the therapeutic effect of Cnidii Fructus-Psoraleae Fructuson in nude mice with bone metastasis of breast cancer, and the mechanism may be associated with the enhancing effect of Cnidii Fructus-Psoraleae Fructus on down-regulating the mRNA and protein expressions of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in bone metastasis lesions of upper limb.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Jianpi Huayu decoction (JHD) on the proliferation in human colorectal carcinoma cells (SW480) through PI3K/Akt pathway. Method: SW480 cells in the logarithmic phase were collected. MTT was used to determine the effect of JHD with different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 g·L-1) on the proliferation of SW480 cells. Flow cytometry assay was used to determine the effects of JHD on cell cycle and apoptosis in SW480 cells. qPCR assay was used to observe the expressions of genes (PI3K, Akt, p27, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bax) after JHD acting on SW480 cells. Western blot assay was used to observe the expressions of proteins (PI3KⅢ, Akt, p27, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bax) after JHD acting on SW480 cells. Result: JHD inhibited the proliferation of SW480 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Compared with the blank group, JHD can promote cell apoptosis after acting on SW480 cells; as the cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase, JHD can obviously reduce PI3K, Akt, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2 gene and protein expressions, and significantly increase p27 and Bax gene and protein expressions (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Jianpi Huayu decoction can inhibit the proliferation in human colorectal carcinoma cells (SW480) by down-regulating PI3K and Akt expressions, impacting downstream Cyclin D1, p27, Bcl-2 and Bax expressions, inducing G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibiting the proliferation of SW480 cells.关键词：Jianpi Huayu decoction;PI3K/Akt pathway;cell cycle;apoptosis;colorectal cancer
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Bixie Chubi decoction (BXCBD) on nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), monocyte chemotactic factor-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)in renal tissues of rats with uric acid nephropathy, study on regulation of BXCBD on the expression of the above cell inflammatory index, and discuss about the mechanism of BXCBD in preventing and treating uric acid nephropathy renal protection. Method: Adenine (100 mg·kg-1) and ethambutol hydrochloride (250 mg·kg-1) were used to prepare the model of uric acid nephropathy rats. The rats were divided into six groups:normal group, model group, western medicine allopurinol group (5 mg·kg-1), BXCBD low, medium and high-dose groups (7.25, 14.49, 29.98 g·kg-1). The rats was sacrificedatthe 21st day.The contents of NF-κB, MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and mRNA in kidney tissues of each group were detected by real-time PCR and Western bolt methods. Meanwhile, NR 8383 macrophages were cultured in vitro, each group wasgiven different concentrations of drug-containing serums, and divided into blank group, model group, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) low-concentration (2.5%), middle-concentration (5%) and high-concentration (10%)groups (n=5).NR8383 total cellular proteins were extracted after being cultured for 24 h. Western bolt method was used to detect the expression of the above indicators. Result: According to the in vivo experiment,compared with the normal group,the BXCBD low, medium and high-dose groups showed signficiantly lower NF-κB, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein and mRNA expressions. Compared with allopurinol group, BXCBD low, medium and high-dose groups showed no inter-group statistical difference. On the basis of the in vitro experiment, compared with the model group, BXCBD low, medium and high-dose groups showed lower protein expressions (P<0.05), particularly middle and high-concentration groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: In vivo and in vitro experiments have confirmed that Bixie Chubi decoction has the effect in preventing and treating uric acid nephropathy.By inhibiting NF-κB, MCP-1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in the inflammatory reaction. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of the deposition of uric acid salts.关键词：uric acid nephropathy;Bixie Chubi decoction;in vivo and in vitro experiment;nuclear transcription factor-κB;monocyte chemotactic factor-1;intercellular adhesion molecule-1;vascular intercellular adhesion molecule-1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the protective effects of total flavonoids from Campsis Flos (CFTF) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Method: Sixty SPF grade Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, positive drug group (aspirin, 50 mg·kg-1), CFTF high dose and low dose groups (200, 100 mg·kg-1). Models of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) were established in all the rats except those in sham operation group. The behavioral injury was detected by neurologic deficit scores (NDS); the cerebral histopathology was detected by HE staining; and the levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE) in serum, interleukin(IL)-10, and TGF-β1 in brain homogenate were detected by ELISA, to discuss the protective effect of CFTF on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Result: As compared with sham operation group, the neurologic deficit scores were significantly higher in rats of model group (P<0.01), with serious cerebral histopathology injuries; and the level of NSE in serum was significantly increased (P<0.01); the levels of IL-10, and TGF-β1 in brain homogenate were decreased dramatically (P<0.01). As compared with the model group,the neurologic deficit symptoms were significantly improved in CFTF high dose group (200 mg·kg-1), with decreased neurologic deficit scores (P<0.05); cerebral histopathology injury was significantly decreased(P<0.01, P<0.05), NSE level in serum was decreased (P<0.05), and levels of IL-10, TGF-β1 in brain tissues were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05) in CFTF high dose and low dose groups (200, 100 mg·kg-1) and aspirin group. Conclusion: CFTF had the protective effects on tMCAO rats by decreasing the level of NSE, increasing the levels of anti-inflammation cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1), and attenuating the inflammation injury.关键词：total flavonoids from Campsis Flos;cerebral ischemia reperfusion;neurologic deficit scores;neuron specific enolase;anti-inflammation cytokine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To screen optimal ratio of hydroxyurea and mifepristone of kidney deficiency and luteum inhibition models of miscarriage rats. Method: After cohabitating 100 female SD rats and 50 male rats,there were 9 subjects according to the orthogonal table L9 (34) design. In addition to this, control group (normal saline) was added. Therefore, there were 10 groups altogether. Beginning with first day of pregnancy,the control group was administered with distilled water while other groups were administered with hydroxyurea according to orthogonal design table. All weights of the rats were measured in the 1st,4th,9th day after mating. During the 10th day,all groups were administered with mifepristone according to orthogonal design table except the control group. Then observed the general conditions of the rats,measured the weights,embryo diameter,calculated the miscarriage rate. Result: The embryo diameter of model group 1-4,6-8 decreased significantly (P<0.05) comparing with control group during the 11th day of pregnancy. The miscarriage rate of model group 1-9 increased significantly (P<0.05) comparing with control group during the 11th day of pregnancy. Therefore,mifepristone is more of contribution than hydroxyurea in miscarriage rate and embryo diameter. Conclusion: The miscarriage rate and embryo diameter are as the core indicators to evaluate pregnant rats and to screen the optimal ratio of hydroxyurea and mifepristone of model group 2,3,6.关键词：miscarriage;animal models;orthogonal design;Hydroxyurea;Mifepristone
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the effects of alternol on the level of glycolysis in melanoma B16F0 cells of mice, and to explore its mechanism. Method: Mice melanoma B16F0 cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of alternol in vitro. The proliferation of melanoma B16F0 cells was detected by a sulforhodamine B assay. The content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was detected by a reverse high performance liquid chromatography method, and the content of lactic acid in the medium was detected by a lactic acid assay kit. Glucose intake of B16F0 cell was determined by radioactive isotopes. The activities of hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were detected by the related assay kits. Result: Compared with the control group, alternol could inhibit the release of lactic acid and the production of ATP, reduce glucose uptake and the activities of PK and LDH in B16F0 cells(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion: alternol inhibits glycolysis in B16F0 cells, which may be related to reducing the glucose uptake and the activities of PK and LDH.关键词：alternol;B16F0 cell;glycolysis;hexokinase;pyruvate kinase;actic dehydrogenase
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of Huanglian Jiedu Tang (HLJDT) on function of NO secretion of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and blood pressure in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). Method: The 60 male 12-week-old SHR were randomly divided into five groups:model control group, captopril positive control group, HLJDT low-dose group, HLJDT middle-dose group, HLJDT high-dose group, with 12 rats in each group. Another 12 male Wistar-Kyoto(WKY) rats were used as blank group. WKY control group and model group were given normal saline ig(20 mL·kg-1), while the remaining groups were respectively given captopril ig(0.001 35 g·kg-1), HLJDT low-dose ig(0.0135 g·kg-1), HLJDT middle-dose ig(0.027 g·kg-1), HLJDT high-doseig(0.054 g·kg-1) for 2 weeks. On the day before the administration and after the pretreatment, BP-6 rat noninvasive blood pressure tester was used to determine each group's caudal artery systolic blood pressure; the density gradient centrifugation separation method was adopted to isolate and culture endothelial progenitor cells from bone marrows. The cultured EPCs were identified by Dil-ac-LDL and FITC-UEA-I double-staining, and then assayed with CCK-8, Transwell chamber and adhesion function test and NO test, in order to analyze EPC proliferation, migration, adhesion capacity and NO secretion of each group. Result: Compared with the normal group, the model group showed significant increase in SHR blood pressure, and significant decrease in the number of EPCs, proliferation, migration capacity, adhesion capacity and NO secretion (P<0.01); compared with the model group, HLJDT can decrease the SHR blood pressure, and the number of EPCs, proliferation, migration capacity, adhesion capacity and NO secretion were increased in all of HLJDT groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: HLJDT can decrease SHR blood pressure, and increase the number of EPCs, and EPCs' proliferation, migration capacity, adhesion capacity and NO secretion.关键词：endothelial progenitor cell;endothelial function;Huanglian Jiedu Tang;number of cells;cell function;nitric oxide secretion
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Cinobufacini (Cino) injection on the proliferation of human esophageal carcinoma cells ECA109, analyze the effect of Cin combined with irradiation on cell cycle, and explore the potential mechanisms of Cino injection combined with radiotherapy. Method: ECA109 cells were divided into blank group, Cino group, radiotherapy group, and combined group (Cino+radiotherapy). After the esophageal carcinoma cells ECA109 were treated for 48 h, methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the effects of Cino on proliferation of ECA109 cells, flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the changes in cell cycles, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to respectively detect the mRNA expressions and protein expressions of ring finger protein 2 (RNF2), p16 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in ECA109 cells. Result: Cinobufacini injection significantly inhibited ECA109 cells proliferation in doses and time dependent ways. As compared with the blank group, the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase were significant increased (P<0.05) and the proportion of cells in S phase were significant decreased (P<0.05) in various treatment groups. As compared with the blank group, the mRNA and protein expressions of RNF2 in the combined group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), mRNA and protein expressions of p16 were higher in various treatment groups (P<0.05), while mRNA and protein expressions of CDK were lower in the various treatment groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cino injection can effectively inhibit the proliferation of human esophageal carcinoma ECA109 cells and arrest cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. The mechanism might be partly related to the down-regulation of RNF2, CDK4 levels, and the up-regulation of p16 mRNA expressions.关键词：Cinobufacini injection;X-ray irradiation;esophageal carcinoma;cell proliferation;cell cycle;RING finger protein 2;p16;cyclin-dependent kinase 4
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of ginseng polysaccharide injection on the proliferative inhibition of hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 and HpeG2. Method: The hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 and HpeG2 were treated with different concentrations of ginseng polysaccharide injection. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to detect the proliferative inhibition of cells. Inverted microscope was used to observe the changes both in quantity and morphology of the cells before and after the treatment. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the morphological changes such as apoptosis and necrosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). Result: Ginseng polysaccharide injection could effectively inhibit the proliferation of BEL-7402 and HpeG2 cells (P<0.05), which was positively correlated with concentration and time. It could significantly inhibit the proliferation of BEL-7402 and HpeG2 cells after 24, 48, 72 h treatment with the concentrations of 60, 80 and 100 g·L-1 ginseng polysaccharide injection (P<0.01). It could also inhibit the proliferation of BEL-7402 and HpeG2 cells after 24, 48, 72 h treatment with the concentration of 40 g·L-1 (P<0.05). The results of TEM showed that ginseng polysaccharide injection resulted in morphological changes of BEL-7402 and HpeG2 such as nuclear edge set and apoptotic bodies after 48 hours treatment, and vacuoles appeared in part cells after 72 hours treatment. As compared with the blank group, after BEL-7402 and HpeG2 cells were treated with 40, 60, 80 g·L-1 ginseng polysaccharide injection, the relative expressions of TNFR1 protein were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Ginseng polysaccharide injection can effectively inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cell line BEL-7402 and HpeG2, and the mechanism may be associated with induction of apoptosis.关键词：hepatocellular carcinoma;ginseng polysaccharide injection;BEL-7402 cell;HpeG2 cell;apoptosis;tumor necrosis factor receptor 1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective mechanism of flavonoid from Diospyros kaki leaves (FDKL) on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) of diabetic nephropathy(DN) rats. Method: The 50 DN rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(STZ) (120 mg·kg-1) to establish the rat diabetic model. The blood glucose was measured before modeling, and the DN rats were randomly divided into model group, aminoguanidine group, FDKL low, medium and high-dose (100, 200, 400 mg·kg-1) groups, with 10 rats in each group. Normal group was composed of 10 normal rats. The rats were administrated with the corresponding medicines for 12 weeks, and the rats of normal and model groups were given equal volume of normal saline. Before and during the administration, the 24 h urine protein and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were determined every 3 weeks. Two hours later after the last administration, the levels of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and fructosamine (FTS) in kidney tissues were tested after the treatment. The changes of kidney morphology were tested through HE-staining. The expressions of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in kidney tissues were detected using Western blot. Result: Compared with the normal group, the model group showed continuous increase in 24 h urine protein and FBG content, and the levels MDA, AGEs, FTS in kidney tissues, and significantly decrease in SOD (P<0.05, P<0.01).Compared with the model group, all of FDKL groups showed significant reduction in 24 h urine protein and the levels MDA, AGEs, FTS in kidney tissues, and significant increase in SOD (P<0.05, P<0.01), notable decrease in TGF-β1 in kidney tissues, and up-regulation in MMP-9 (P<0.05), particularly FDKL high-dose group. Conclusion: FDKL has a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy rats, and its mechanisms are associated with the decrease in blood glucose, lipid, oxidative stress and non-enzymatic glycosylation and the inhibition of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 proteins.关键词：flavonoid from Diospyros kaki leaves;diabetic nephropath;transforming growth factor-β1;matrix metalloproteinase-9
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the anti-proliferation effect of quereetin on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, and explore its possible mechanisms of anti-prostate cancer. Method: PC-3 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with capsaicin at various concentrations. The cells without quereetin treatment were used as blank group. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to observe anti-proliferation effect of quereetin on PC-3 cells, and 50%inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. Apoptosis of PC-3 cells was observed by flow cytometry, the protein expressions and transcriptional levels of β-catenin and its downstream target genes (Cyclin D1 and c-Myc) were analyzed by Western blot and reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR), immunofluorometric assay was used to detect the effect of quereetin on β-catenin expressions, luciferase reporter assay was performed to detect the effect of quereetin on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in PC-3 cells. Result: As compared with the blank group, quereetin significantly inhibited proliferation of PC-3 cells (P<0.05) and induced their apotosis (P<0.05). Quereetin also significantly reduced protein expressions and transcriptional levels of β-catenin, suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and down-regulated the expressions of downstream target genes (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Quercetin could significantly inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.关键词：prostate cancer;quereetin;Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway;cyclin D1;c-myc
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effects of resveratrol(Res) on pancreatic cell oxidative injury in gestational diabetic rats. Method: The 100 rats with gestation for five days were injected STZ (35 mg·kg-1) by intraperitonal to make gestational diabetic model, which were randomly devided into five groups:normal gestation group, gestational diabetic model group, Res(60,120,240 mg·kg-1) treated groups and metformin hydrochloride 200 mg·kg-1 treated group, which was 20 expremental animals every group. And selected 20 rats with gestation for five days as normal gestation control group and another 20 rats with no gestation as normal control group. Before the drugs were given and 7, 14 days after treated, the level of plasma glucose and insulin were determined. Two weeks later, the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) and reactive oxygen species(ROS) were detected; the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px), catalase(CAT) in pancreatic tissue were detected, and the content of MDA was also detected; the histopathological changes of pancreatic tissue and pancreatic cells apoptosis were observed, and the apoptosis index were analysised. Result: Compared with normal control group, the level of plasma glucose and insulin of the normal gestation control group was not significantly different, the content of MDA, ROS in serum was not significantly different, the activity of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and the content of MDA in pancreatic tissue were not significantly different, the level of pancreatic tissue histopathological changes and hepatic cells apoptosis were not significantly different. Compared with the normal gestation control group, the level of plasma glucose in gestational diabetic model group was significantly increased and the level of insulin was significantly decreased(P<0.01); the content of MDA, ROS in serum were significantly increased(P<0.01); the activity of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT in pancreatic tissue were significantly decreased and the content of MDA were significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), the pancreatic tissue histopathological changes and hepatic cells apoptosis were obviously improved, the AI were significantly increased(P<0.01). Compared with the estational diabetic model group, the content of MDA, ROS in serum in Res(60,120,240 mg·kg-1) treated groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01), and the content of MDA in pancreatic tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01); the level of plasma glucose in Res(120,240 mg·kg-1) treated groups were significantly decreased and the level of insulin was significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), the activity of SOD, CAT in pancreatic tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), the AI of pancreatic cell was significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); the activity of GSH-Px in pancreatic tissue of Res 240 mg·kg-1 treated group was significantly increased(P<0.05); and pancreatic tissue histopathological changes and hepatic cells apoptosis were significantly improved, especially the level of Res 240 mg·kg-1 treated group. Compared with the Metformin hydrochloride treated group, the level of insulin in Res 240 mg·kg-1 treated group was significantly increased(P<0.05), the content of MDA, ROS in serum were significantly decreased(P<0.05), the activity of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT in pancreatic tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), the AI was significantly decreased(P<0.01). Conclusion: Res could effectively improve insulin secretion, lowering blood sugar, improve antioxidant ability, reducing the damage of free radical, depress the pancreatic tissue histopathological changes and hepatic cells apoptosis, suggesting that Res had dose-dependent protective effects on pancreatic cell oxidative injury in gestational diabetic rats, and these effects of Res was better than Metformin hydrochloride except lowering blood sugar.关键词：resveratrol;gestational diabetes;pancreatic cell;oxidative stress;protection
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the protective effect and potential mechanism of ginsenosides CK on rat's myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). Method: SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham-operated group, MIRI group (normal saline) and ginsenosides CK low, medium and high-dose groups (10, 20, 40 mg·kg-1). Ginsenosides CK was intraperitoneally injected for 14 days. the anterior descending coronary artery was ligated; 30 min later, reperfusion was performed for 120 min to establish the reperfusion model. Effects of ginsenosides CK on infarct area, levels of serum lactic denydrogenase(LDH), creatine phosphokinase(CPK), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and malondialdehyde(MDA) content, super oxide dismutase(SOD) activity and high mobility group box-1(HMBG1) expression were investigated. Result: Compared with the normal group, the MIRI group showed significant increase in MDA content in myocardia, serum iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and HMGB1 protein in myocardia, and significant decrease in SOD activity (P<0.05). Ginsenosides CK could reduce the infarct size and activities of LDH and CPK compared with those in the MIRI group (P<0.05). Ginsenosides CK could lessen the MDA contents and SOD activity of cardiac muscle tissues compared with those in the MIRI group (P<0.05). Ginsenosides CK could lower the levels of iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-α compared with those in the MIRI group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, Ginsenosides CK could inhibit the expression of HMBG1 compared with those in the MIRI group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ginsenosides CK has a certain protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and its effect is related to the enhancement in antioxidant capacity, the reduction of inflammation and the inhibition of the HMBG1 expression.关键词：ginsenosides CK;myocardial ischemia reperfusion;oxidative stress;inflammation;high mobility group box-1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the mechanism of shikonin-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. Method: The PC-3 cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of shikonin in vitro. The anti-proliferative effect of shikonin was performed by MTT assay. The morphologic change was observed by the contrast phase microscope. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by flow cytometric analysis. The protein expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and p-ERK1/2 were examined by Western blot analysis. Result: Shikonin inhibited PC-3 cell growth in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The morphologic changes including cell shrinkage, cavitations, shedding and apoptosis bodies in PC-3 cells were observed after treatment with shikonin. The expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 were up-regulated, and Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated. Shikonin also induced the production of ROS in a dose-dependent manner. The cell growth inhibition ratio of shikonin-treated group was markedly decreased by ROS scavenger DTT. In addition, pretreatment of PC-3 cells with 0.2 mmol·L-1 DTT could reverse the shikonin-induced activation of Caspase-3 and ERK1/2. Conclusion: Shikonin could induce apoptosis in PC-3 cells by ROS/ERK1/2 pathways.关键词：shikonin;prostate cancer PC-3 cells;reactive oxygen species;apoptosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the acute toxicity and chronic toxicity of Fufang Jinling Sini Siwu Shixiao powder (FSXP) and evaluate its safety in clinical applications. Method: The 40 KM mice were randomly divided into FSXP group (192 g·kg-1) and normal group according to their body weight. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined in mice by oral gavage. In chronic toxicological test, 80 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their body weight:normal group, FSXP high-dose group, medium-dose group and low-dose group (30.6, 15.3, 7.65 g·kg-1), n=20 in each group. The medicine was given intragastrically once a day for consecutive 4 weeks. The changes of general state, body weight, food intake, food utilization rate and organ index were observed respectively, and the histopathological examination of the main organs were determined after 4 weeks of treatment and 2 weeks after drug withdrawal. Result: The maximum tolerated dose for mice was 192 g·kg-1, which was equivalent to 217.4 times of the recommended adult clinical dose. In the chronic study, no death or clinical toxic signs were found. Compared with the normal group, no significant difference was found in body weight, food intake, food utilization rate and organ index of each drug group of FSXP. In addition, no pathological changes related to this drug were observed in the histopathological examination. Conclusion: FSXP has no significant toxicity to mice, and long-term taking has less accumulative toxicity to rats, indicating that the clinical prescribed dose of FSXP is in high safety.关键词：Fufang Jinling Sini Siwu Shixiao powder;acute toxicity;chronic toxicity;clinical safety
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Qingfei Huazhuo decoction on pulmonary infection in malignant tumors, and explore its possible mechanisms. Method: The 76 patients with pulmonary infection in malignant tumors from January 2014 to February 2015 in integrative department of Henan Cancer Hospital were included in this study, and divided into control group (38 cases) and treatment group (38 cases) by random number table. Patients in control group received routine antibiotics and conventional treatment. Based on the treatment in control group, patients in treatment group received additional Qingfei Huazhuo decoction. Patients were given with corresponding drugs for another 1 week. Then the clinical efficacy was evaluated, routine blood and lung imaging results were observed in both groups, changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in serum of both groups were detected. Result: The total effective rate was 86.8%in treatment group, higher than 65.8% in control group (P<0.05).The recovery time of body temperature and pulmonary rales in treatment group was less than that in control group (P<0.05), and the recovery time of routine blood test and lung imaging in treatment group was less than that in control group (P<0.05). After the treatment, both groups showed lower expressions of CRP and PCT in serum (P<0.05), and the improvement was more obvious in treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Qingfei Huazhuo decoction combined with routine western treatment is more effective than the routine western treatment alone for pulmonary infection in malignant tumors.关键词：Qingfei Huazhuo decoction;malignant tumor;pulmonary infection;C-reactive protein;procalcitonin;clinical observation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Gegen Erteng decoction in the treatment of cervical spondylosis arteriopathy, and explore its effect on hemodynamics of vertebral-basilar arteries. Method: The 60 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Patients in treatment group took Gegen Erteng decoction, and patients in control group took flunarizine hydrochloride capsules treatment. 2 weeks were regarded as one treatment course, and both groups took 2 treatment courses. The clinical efficacy was observed after treatment in both groups. Related parameters of transcranial doppler (TCD) and Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) of vertebral artery, and scores of symptoms and signs were compared between two groups pre-post treatment. Result: After two courses of treatment, the clinical total effective rate was as high as 93.3%in treatment group, significantly higher than 73.3% in control group (P<0.01), the scores of symptoms and signs after treatment were significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.05), and the scores of symptoms and signs in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group after treatment (P<0.05), the peak systolic velocity (Vs) and mean velocity (Vm) of basilar arteries and vertebral arteries were significantly accelerated after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the above parameters in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group after treatment (P<0.05), the vessel diameter D of vertebral arteries was significantly enlarged, and the peak systolic velocity (PSV), time average flow velocity (TAV), and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were accelerated significantly (P<0.05) in both groups after treatment, and the above parameters in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Gegen Erteng decoction has good curative effect in patients with cervical spondylosis arteriopathy, and the treatment mechanism may be related to improvement in hemodynamics of vertebral-basilar arteries.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Bushen Tiaochong decoction in treating peri-menopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) with syndrome of kidney-Yang deficiency and its influences on levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estrogen (E2). Method: Peri-menopausal DUB cases treated in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group and treatment group. Forty-six patients in control group were given mifepristone from the 3rd day after diagnostic curettage every night before sleep by oral (12.5 mg/time, qd). In addition to the therapy of control group, 47 patients in treatment group were treated with Bushen Tiaochong decoction (1 dose/day, bid). The courses of treatment were 3 months for both groups. Bleeding stop time, recurrence rates, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom integrals and clinical efficacies were compared between both groups. Serum levels of FSH, LH and E2 were detected in the two groups. Result: Bleeding stop time in treatment group were lower than control group after treatment (P<0.01). In the follow-up visit 3 months later, the recurrence rate of treatment group was 2.13%, which was evidently lower than 15.22%of control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the scores of depression, lack of warmth in the limbs, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, more urinate at night in treatment group were more significantly decreased, which were evidently lower than control group (P<0.01). Clinical total effective rate of treatment group was 95.74%, was higher than 80.43%of control group (P<0.05). After treatment, serum levels of FSH and LH in treatment group were significantly lower than control group, but with a higher E2 (P<0.01). Conclusion: In addition to the western medicine routine treatment, Bushen Tiaochong decoction in treating peri-menopausal DUB with syndrome of kidney-Yang deficiency could obviously reduce the bleeding stop time, recurrence rate, TCM symptoms score, improve clinical efficacy, and inhibition of serum levels of FSH and LH and up-regulation of E2 may play an important role in the above effects.关键词：Bushen Tiaochong decoction;peri-menopausal period;dysfunctional uterine bleeding;kidney-Yang deficiency
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Tongshen decoction combined with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) moxibustion mud in treating myospasm of ischemic stroke recovery period with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, and its influence on serum levels of glycine (Gly) and gamma amino acid butyric acid (GABA). Method: Eighty-nine eligible cases were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group according to random number table. Conventional interventions were made to the two groups according to 'Chinese Stroke Rehabilitation Treatment Guidelines'. The control group (44 cases) was treated with comprehensive rehabilitation therapy. The treatment group (45 cases) was given Tongshen decoction by oral (1 dose/day, bid), traditional Chinese medicine cerate on the corresponding acupuncture points and warming with infrared physiotherapy machine (1 h/time, qd). All patients were treated for 6 weeks. Clinic Spasticity Index (CSI), modified Ashworth score, Barthel index (BI) score, walking ability and TCM symptom scores were compared between the two groups. Clinical efficacies were analyzed between the two groups. Their adverse events were observed. Serum levels of Gly and GABA were detected in the two groups. Result: Total effective rate of observation group was 93.33%, which was higher than 75%of control group (P<0.05). CSI, Ashworth, walking ability and TCM symptom scores in observation group were obviously lower, but with a higher BI score (P<0.01). Adverse events of observation group was 6.67%, which was evidently lower than 25%of control one (P<0.01). After treatment, serum levels of Gly and GABA in observation group were obviously higher than control group, with statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusion: Tongshen decoction combined with TCM moxibustion mud has an exact effect in treating myospasm of ischemic stroke recovery period with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, which may be related to up-regulation of serum levels of Gly and GABA.关键词：Tongshen decoction;traditional Chinese medicine moxibustion mud;ischemic stroke;Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome;myospasm
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the curative effect of Weining tea bag and omeprazole in treatment of liver and stomach disharmony reflux esophagitis. Method: The 64 cases of liver and stomach disharmony reflux esophagitis were randomly divided into treatment group (32 cases) and control group (32 cases). The patients in both groups took omeprazole as the basis treatment, and patients in treatment group received additional Weining tea bag while patients in control group received additional Mosapride dispersible tablets, 4 weeks as a course of treatment, and both groups were treated for 1 course of treatment. The clinical symptom scores, degree of endoscopic esophageal inflammation, bile reflux, plasma motilin and prostaglandin E2 levels were observed before and after treatment. Result: The endoscopic scores after treatment were significantly reduced in both groups (P<0.05), treatment group was superior to the control group in efficacy on endoscopic esophageal inflammation (P<0.05). The symptom scores were significantly reduced in both groups after treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the effect in treatment group was better than that in control group (P<0.05). Treatment group was superior to control group in the syndrome efficacy (P<0.05). The increase in plasma motilin level in treatment group was superior to that in control group after treatment (P<0.05). The level of plasma prostaglandin was significantly increased in the treatment group after treatment (P<0.05). The disappearance rate of bile under gastroscope in treatment group was superior to that in control group after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Weining tea bag is an effective Chinese medicine for liver and stomach disharmony reflux esophagitis, and the mechanism may be associated with increasing gastric motility, reducing bile reflux, and regulating gastrointestinal hormones.关键词：reflux esophagitis;liver and stomach disharmony;bile reflux;Weining tea bag;motilin;prostaglandin E2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Kanggu Zengsheng decoction in the treatment of lumbar hyperosteogeny lumbago with liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, and investigate its effect on serum Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and sclerostin(SOST) levels. Method: One hundred and eight eligible patients were randomly divided into control group (54 cases) and observation group (54 cases). All patients in both groups received traction treatment for three weeks, 25 min/time, 1 time/d. Patients in control group were treated with Yaotongning capsule half an hour before sleep by orally taking, 4-6 capsules/time, 1time/d. The patients in observation group were also treated with Kanggu Zengsheng decoction by mixing with ginseng decoction (1 dose/d, bid) based on the treatment of control group. The treatment course was 8 weeks for both groups. Questionnaire of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to evaluate lumbar function in two groups. The pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Present Pain Intensity (PPI) and Pain Rating Index(PRI) were evaluated by short-form McGill questionnaire. Scores of X-ray inspection were compared between two groups. The serum DKK1 and SOST levels were detected in two groups. Result: The total effective rate in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The ODI scores in observation group were lower than those in control group after 4 and 8 weeks treatment (P<0.01). The short-form McGill questionnaire scores (PRI,VAS and PPI) in observation group were lower than those in control group after treatment (P<0.01). X-ray score of the observation group was lower than that of control group after 8 weeks treatment (P<0.01). The serum DKK1 and SOST levels in observation group were higher than those in control group of the same period (P<0.01). Conclusion: On the basis of conventional treatment, Kanggu Zengsheng decoction could obviously improve the function of the lumbar, decrease scores of McGill questionnaire and X-ray scores, and improve clinical efficacy in treating lumbar hyperosteogeny lumbago with liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, and the mechanism may be associated with up-regulating the serum DKK1 and SOST levels.关键词：Kanggu Zengsheng decoction;lumbar hyperosteogeny;lumbago;liver and kidney deficiency syndrome;Dickkopf-1;sclerostin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the curative effect of modified Yinjia pills in treating infertility due to chronic pelvic inflammation after laparoscopy, and the influence on inflammatory reaction and hemorheology. Method: One hundred and thirty-three patients were randomly divided into control group (65 cases) and observation group (68 cases) by random number table. Both groups received laparoscopic surgery. After the surgery, patients in control group received the levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets and metronidazole tablets for anti-infection. The courses of treatment were 14 days. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were given modified Yinjia pills for 3 months. After two menstrual cycles, both groups could be put into the pregnancy test, and observed consecutively for six menstrual cycles. The follow-up visit shall last for three months after getting pregnant. Pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were observed within 6 menstrual cycles. And before treatment, and 3 months later after the surgery, scores of damp heat and blood stasis were graded, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and hemorheology were detected. Result: The pregnancy rate in observation group was 66.17%, which was superior to 47.69%in control group (P<0.05). And ectopic pregnancy rate in observation group was 2.22%, which was lower than 12.90%in control group, but no statistical significance between the two groups. Three months later after the surgery, score of damp heat and blood stasis and levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were lower than that in control group (P<0.01), level of IL-10 was higher than in control group (P<0.01). And the whole blood viscosity (high and low cut), plasma viscosity, fibrinogen and platelet aggregation rate in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Modified Yinjia pills in treating infertility due to chronic pelvic inflammation after laparoscopy can improve pregnancy rate, and ameliorate symptoms on infertility due to chronic pelvic inflammation after laparoscopy, and its mechanism of action may be correlated to alleviation of inflammatory response and blood fluidity.关键词：infertility due to chronic pelvic inflammation;damp heat and blood stasis;modified Yinjia pills;laparoscope;inflammatory response;hemorheology
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To reevaluate the systematic reviews-Meta-analysis for Buyang Huanwu Tang (BHT) for stroke. Method: CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Cochrane library, Medline complete and Embase databases were searched through computer to collect relevant studies. Two authors independently collected information, and evaluated the methodological quality and grades of evidence of the included studies by AMSTAR scale and GARDE system. Result: A total of 12 studies involving 37 outcomes were included. The results of AMSTAR scale showed that the most problematic entry was that ‘was an early-stage design scheme provided’ (12 studies), followed by the entry that ‘were the included selections and data extractions reproducible’ (8 studies), and the entry that ‘was relevant conflict of interest indicated (8 studies). The results of the GRADE system showed that 5 outcomes were graded as ‘medium quality’, while the others were ‘low quality’ or ‘very low quality’ owing to research limitations (37 outcomes) and publication bias (32 outcomes). Conclusion: Currently, the methodological quality of reviews-Meta-analysis remains poor, with a low grade of evidence, so future studies should strictly designed according to the requirements of evidence-based medicine, so as to provide higher-quality evidences.关键词：Buyang Huanwu Tang;stroke;systematic review-Meta-analysis;reevaluate;AMSTAR scale;GRADE system
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of Zhengqing Fengtongning (ZQFTN) and chemical drugs on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method: Literature databases of CNKI, VIP, WanFang, SinoMed, and PubMed were included in the study. The quality assessment of literatures was done by the Cochrane Evaluation Handbook 5.1.0, and qualified literatures were reviewed and analyzed by using the Review Manger 5.3.5 Statistical Software. Result: Eight randomized controlled trials with total of 708 cases met the inclusion criteria, and were enrolled in the meta-analysis. Results showed that the efficacy of combination therapy of ZQFTN and chemical drugs for 12 weeks was significantly superior to that of chemical drugs alone (P =0.0003). Morning stiffness[MD=-13.29,95%CI (-24.66,-1.92),P=0.02]and joint tenderness index[MD=-0.94,95%CI (-1.82,-0.07),P=0.03]of patients treated with combination of ZQFTN and chemical drugs were more significantly improved than those treated with chemical drugs alone. Combination therapy of ZQFTN and chemical drugs also reduced the frequency of adverse events (P<0.000 01). Conclusion: Current clinical studies demonstrate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of ZQFTN and chemical drugs in RA is superior to that of chemical drugs alone. However, multicenter, large-scale, double-blinded, double-simulated and high-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to support the widespread use of combination therapy of ZQFTN and chemical drugs in RA.关键词：Zhengqing Fengtongning;combination therapy;rheumatoid arthritis;randomized controlled trials;systematic review
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance Platform (V2.5) Software, composition rules for medications of TCM ointments and plasters for treating closed fracture in CNKI were analyzed. Method: Clinical literatures on TCM ointments and plasters for closed fracture in CNKI were collected and screened to establish a prescription database, and the TCM inheritance platform software was used to figure out the medication rules. Result: Totally 90 prescriptions were selected, involving 189 TCM. In the prescriptions, blood-activating and analgesic herbs had the highest use frequency, followed by blood-activating and healing herbs. Herbal pairs with the highest use frequency were Olibanum-Myrrha. There were 10 core medicine combinations and 5 new prescriptions. Conclusion: According to the analysis on TCM prescription ointments and plasters for the treatment of closed fracture selected CNKI database through the TCM inheritance platform, the prescriptions obtained were dominated by blood-activating, blood-enriching, healing and analgesic prescriptions, which helps conclude the prescription rules and provides the basis for clinical orthopedic treatment with TCM.关键词：closed fractures;external application medicine;Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Auxiliary Platform (V2.5);prescription rules
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze the composing principles of the prescriptions of professor Li Jin-qian for chronic diastolic heart failure based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance Support System (V2.5). Method: Efforts were made to collect 55 patients' prescriptions of chronic diastolic heart failure cases, enter the data into the TCM inheritance support system, and analyze the data by using frequency analysis, association rules, complex system entropy clustering and unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Result: Totally 64 prescriptions were screened out for the analysis, including 70 herbs. And the total frequency was 2 094.The most frequently used ones were Codonopsis Radix, Astragali Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Aurantil Fructus, Poria, Platycodonis Radix, Corni Fructus, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Ophiopogonis Radix, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. They were often used at the dosage of 30, 50, 20, 15, 30, 15, 30, 20, 15,20 g. Among the prescriptions, there were 47 and 22 combinations of three and four herbs with the frequency of more than 50 times, 155, 67 and 10 combinations of five, six and seven herbs with the frequency of more than 35 times, and six combinations of nine herbs with the frequency of more than 30 times. Through the association rules among herbs, seven core combinations and two new prescriptions were evolved. Conclusion: Professor Li is good at using the principle of supplement Qi and warming Yang in treating chronic diastolic heart failure. Besides, he also applied deficiency-tonifying medicine to nourish the heart, and used blood-activating and heat-clearing medicines to replenish Qi, nourish Yin and Qi and motivate blood.关键词：chronic diastolic heart failure;medication regularity;Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：QAMS is a simple and low-cost quality-control pattern for Chinese materia medica. It is an important method which is currently employed for evaluating the quality of the research and production of Chinese materia medica. Now it was used to evaluate the quality of crude herbal medicines, prepared herbal medicines, processed products, extract of raw material, medicine intermediates and Chinese patent medicines. It was proved to be a quick and good accuracy method. More than 300 papers were reported from 2006 to 2015.Among them, 160 papers were related with herbal medicines, and 100 papers were reported with Chinese patent medicines. On the basis of analysis and summary of the literatures, the paper reviews on the application development of QAMS.关键词：QAMS;quality-control;summary of literatures
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Flavoring and taste masking problem of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its preparations has always been a serious challenge,which pharmaceutists usually faced.Through collating,classifying and summarizing literatures from journals at home and abroad in the last decade,this paper expounds the formation of taste and flavoring and taste masking mechanism,then gives a review detailedly of the current research progress about the common flavoring and taste masking techniques,such as adding taste masking agents,bitter blockers,taste buds paralyzing agents and coating,and several emerging innovative techniques,such as solid dispersion technology,ion exchange resin technology,the microencapsulated microsphere technique,inclusion technology and so on,that formed in the process of pharmaceutical development.Then,we made some analysis and discussions about the problems of flavoring and taste masking techniques in TCM.With the patients' demand in drug taste increases,flavoring and taste masking techniques in TCM are paid more attention and have the development trend to comprehensive use various techniques instead of the single technology.But currently,there are still some issues related to taste evaluation,limitations of method selection,industrial production difficult and so on,which need the pharmaceutical workers to study deeply.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;taste;mechanism;flavoring and taste masking techniques;problem analysis
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