最新刊期
卷 22 ， 期 6 ， 2016
- 摘要：Objective: To investigate in vitro dissolution of five active ingredients in water-honeyed pills and dispensing granules of Erzhi Wan,and to compare dissolution behavior of five ingredients in these two preparations. Method: In vitro dissolution of Erzhi Wan was studied in formulations of water-honeyed pills and dispensing granules in different media (water,30% ethanol,0.1 mol·L-1 HCl,PBS with pH of 4.5 and 6.8) by following the 2010 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia through the second method (the paddle method),rotation speed was set 75 r·min-1.UPLC was developed and validated to detect simultaneously in vitro dissolution of five active ingredients (salidroside,specnuezhenide,nuezhenoside,luteolin,oleanolic acid).Different parameters were employed to evaluate dissolution characteristics of these two preparations. Result: In different dissolution media,dissolution behavior of five ingredients in these two preparations had great difference.Salidroside,specnuezhenide and nuezhenoside in dispensing granules could dissolve fast and had high dissolution percentages (>85%) in each medium.Luteolin and oleanolic acid in water-honeyed pills dissolved very little (<30%) only in PBS with pH 6.8.Form difference factor of f1 and similarity factor of f2,the same ingredient in these two preparations had different dissolution behavior. Conclusion: Compared with water-honeyed pills,active ingredients in dispensing granules have a higher cumulative dissolution,and in the same medium,medicinal ingredient can be dissolved more.Dispensing granules has great advantage in the aspect of in vitro dissolution.This developed method can be applied for quality control of Erzhi Wan preparations.关键词：Erzhi Wan;dispensing granules;water-honeyed pills;in vitro dissolution;salidroside;specnuezhenide;oleanolic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate effect of different medicinal parts and preparation processes of Bupleurum chinense on quality of Chaihu injection. Method: Part on the ground,the underground part and the whole grass of B. chinense were extracted by distillation,distillation with salt,distillation with acid,distillation acid and salt,extract were detected and analyzed by the legal quality standard of WS3-B-3297-98-2011. Result: Different parts of B. chinense had little effect on characteristic spectrum determination results,but proportion between different chromatographic peaks in fingerprint had obvious difference;effect of different preparation processes of fingerprint was very obvious;other test items conformed to the legal standard requirements. Conclusion: Samples prepared by the original process do not detect furfural,samples of non-original process contain furfural.Different medicinal parts have small impact on quality of Chaihu injection.The current legal quality standard can not effectively control product quality,in order to ensure product quality,quality standard of Chaihu injection must revise.关键词：Chaihu injection;preparation process;Bupleurum chinense;medicinal parts;furfural
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To prepare paeonol-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles modified by chitosan and investigate its in vitro release behavior. Method: Taking PEG-PLGA as carrier material,chitosan as surface modifier,paeonol-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles modified by chitosan was prepared by nano precipitation method,formulation of this preparation was optimized by orthogonal design,characteristics of nanoparticles were evaluated.In vitro release of this preparation was characterized with phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) as medium. Result: After being modified by chitosan,particle size of paeonol-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles increased,while its Zeta potential turned to positive charge,its shape was spherical.Mean particle size,Zeta potential,drug loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were (96.6±3.2) nm,(30.61±0.34) mV,10.87% and 79.37%.Accumulated release rate of this nanoparticles reached 62.4% at 24 h. Conclusion: Paeonol-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles modified by chitosan is prepared successfully,which shows a sustained-release characteristics with good in vitro properties.关键词：paeonol;chitosan;nanoparticles;characterization;in vitro release;poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid);polyethylene glycol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize extraction process of total flavonoids from Punica granatum leaves by response surface methodology and investigate its in vitro antioxidant activity. Method: On basis of single factor tests and Box-Behnken principle,response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction conditions with ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio,ultrasonic power and time as factors,yield of total flavonoids as index.DPPH and·OH scavenging assays were carried out to verify in vitro antioxidant activity of total flavonoids from P. granatum leaves. Result: Optimum extraction conditions were ethanol concentration of 59.8%,solid-liquid ratio of 1 : 16.3,ultrasonic power of 221 W,extraction time of 33.45 min;under these conditions,yield of total flavonoids was 0.433%.When the concentration of sample was 0.6-1.0 g·L-1,scavenging rates of DPPH radical and·OH were high,which approached vitamin C. Conclusion: Application of this simple and workable technology to extract total flavonoids from P. granatum leaves can improve extraction efficiency,total flavonoids shows a relatively high antioxidant activity.关键词：Punica granatum leaves;total flavonoids;response surface methodology;antioxidant activity;rutin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze correlation of quality and cadmium content in Chuanxiong Rhizoma herb and its germplasm,in order to provide a scientific basis for breeding of this herb and solving its problem of cadmium content exceeds bid. Method: Six different germplasm of Chuanxiong Rhizoma in Sichuan province were collected for multipoint comparison field experiment.Different germplasm corresponding biological yield of Chuanxiong Rhizoma medicinal materials,component content (extract,volatile oil and ferulic acid) and cadmium content combined with three different kinds of corresponding medicinal materials quality were determined,correlation between quality and cadmium content of Chuanxiong Rhizoma with its germplasm. Result: Quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma with different germplasm had some differences,Chuanxiong Rhizoma with germplasm of Z-6 (Wawushan town,Hoanya county,Meishan city) had a relatively good quality,followed by herbs with germplasm of Z-1 (Aoping town) and Z-2 (Chongzhou city),quality of herbs with germplasm of Z-5 (Xiaoyudong town of Pengzhou city) was relatively poor.The content of cadmium in six different germplasm itself was the range of 0.31-2.10 mg·kg-1,and cadmium content in its corresponding herb was 0.23-0.59 mg·kg-1,there was no significant correlation of cadmium content between herb and germplasm (r=0.585,P=0.223). Conclusion: There are some differences among quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma with different germplasm,there is little effect of germplasm on the content of cadmium in Chuanxiong Rhizoma,but effect of geographical factors on cadmium content in Chuanxiong Rhizoma is obvious.关键词：Chuanxiong Rhizoma;germplasm;cadmium;extract;volatile oil;ferulic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: An efficient method using RP-HPLC was developed for simultaneous determination of eleven major active alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma. Method: Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Kromasil Eternity C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate solution (added 0.5 mL of glacial acetic acid per 1 L) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1,detection wavelength was set at 280 nm and column temperature was at 25 ℃. Result: Eleven major alkaloids showed a good linearity with r>0.999 and good precision (RSD of 0.1%-2.0%),stability (RSD of 0.2%-2.1%),repeatability (RSD of 1.7%-4.1%);average recovery was 98.2%-100.8% with RSD of 1.6%-3.5%. Conclusion: This established method is sensitive,convenient and reliable for determining eleven major components in Corydalis Rhizoma.关键词：Corydalis Rhizoma;alkaloids;protopine;tetrahydrocolumbamine;dehydrocorydaline;tetrahydrocoptisine;glaucine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 -
Content Determination on Five Active Ingredients in Five Species Geranii Herba of Liaoning Provience
摘要：Objective: To establish an HPLC method to determine the content of protocatechuic acid, gallic acid,corilagin, ellagic acid and hyperoside in Geranii Herba. Method: HPLC column Agilent TC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was eluted with the,mobile phase of 0.1% phosphonic acid-acctonitril in a gradient mode, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the detection wave-length was 280 nm, and the temperature was 30 ℃. Result: The linear ranges of the 5 ingredients in HPLC were 0.500-5.000 μg (r=0.999 5), 0.075-0.750 μg (r=0.999 7), 1.790-17.900 μg (r=0.999 9), 0.580-5.800 μg (r=0.999 6), 0.065-0.650 μg (r=0.999 6), the ranges of average recoveries and RSD were 94.05%-102.58% and 1.6%-2.9%. Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate with a high repeatability, which could provide reference for the quality evaluation of Geranii Herba.关键词：Geranii Herba;protocatechuic acid;gallic acid;corilagin;ellagic acid;hyperoside- 2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the multi-wavelength chromatographic fingerprints of Dahuang Xiaoshi dropping pill based on chromatographs of HPLC-PDA, and determine the contents of geniposide, berberine hydrochloride and crocin. Method: The multi-wavelength chromatographic fingerprints and determination 10 batches of homemade pills were performed, with geniposide, berberine hydrochloride and crocin as reference peak. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004A) was used for data analysis. Result: As a result, six common peaks were pointed out at 238 nm, three common peaks were pointed out at 345 nm, and eight common peaks were pointed out at 440 nm. Dahuang Xiaoshi dropping pill from different batches showed a similarity of above 0.9 in HPLC fingerprint chromatogram. Conclusion: This method is highly characteristic and specific. The multi-wavelength HPLC fingerprint and the determination of geniposide, berberine hydrochloride and crocin can be used for the quality control.关键词：Dahuang Xiaoshi dropping pill;fingerprint;geniposide;berberine hydrochloride;crocin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a HPLC method to determine geniposide, baicalin and wogonoside in Yanreqing soft capsules. Method: The samples were degreased with petroleum ether and extracted with 70% methanol for 30 min in a ultrasonic mode. Diamonsil C18column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid in a gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1, the column temperature was 30 ℃, and the detection wavelength was set at 240 nm. Result: The average recoveries were 100.63% for geniposide with RSD of 1.9%;100.77% for baicalin with RSD of 1.5%;and 97.67% for wogonoside with RSD of 1.14%. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate, highly sensitive, specific and repeatable. It can be used for the quality control of Yanreqing soft capsules.关键词：Yanreqing soft capsules;HPLC;geniposide;bacicalin;wogonoside
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To develop an HPLC method for determining the content of hesperidin and rosmarinic acid in Menthae Spicatae Herba. Method: The conditions of sample preparation, chromatography column and mobile phase were optimized. The linear ranges, reproducibility and recovery rate were evaluated based on a Thermo Scientific HPLC system to establish the method of quality control for determining the content of hesperidin and rosmarinic acid in Menthae Spicatae Herba. Result: HPLC analysis was conducted on a Inertsil ODS-3 C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), which was eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid (18: 82), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 under the temperature of 30 ℃, and the detection wavelength was set at 283 nm for hesperidin, and that of rosmarinic acid was under temperature of 35 ℃, and the detection wavelength was set at 330 nm. The regression equation of hesperidin was Y=27.61X+0.040 2 (r=0.999 9, 0.008 434-1.687 μg) and that of rosmarinic acid was Y=51.44X-0.172 3 (r=0.999 9, 0.018 91-1.891 μg);the average recovery of hesperidin was 96.43%(RSD 1.4%), for rosmarinic acid it was 99.99%(RSD 1.7%). Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate, and repeatable, and so can be used for determining the content of hesperidin and rosmarinic acid in Menthae Spicatae Herba.关键词：Menthae Spicatae Herba;hesperidin;rosmarinic acid;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze the volatile constituents of Cydonia oblonga seeds and provide experimental basis for reasonable development and utilization of C. oblonga seeds. Method: Steam distillation method was used to extract the volatile oil of C. oblonga seeds, and its volatile constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with retention indices. Their relative percentage contents were determined with peak area normalization method. Result: The 38 chemical constituents were isolated from the C.oblonga seeds, and 24 compounds of them were identified, accounting for 98.56% of the total volatile oil. The main constituents included benzaldehyde (46.37%), (Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid (30.54%), n-hexadecanoate (6.13%), carotol (2.37%), 3-methyl-butyraldehyde (1.81%), furfural (1.37%), 2-methyl-butyraldehyde(1.22%), and 2-butyl benzene acetate (1.17%). Conclusion: The aldehydes (51.92%)were the main volatile constituents in C. oblonga seeds, followed by acids (31.25%).关键词：Cydonia oblonga seeds;volatile constituents;GC-MS;retention indices
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a determination method for different varieties of rutinand quercetin in Gynostemma pentaphyllum from different producing areas. Method: HPLC was performed on ZORBAX SB-C18column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm), eluting in a gradient mode with the mobile phase of acetonitrile (A ) -0.2%H3PO4 as (B) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was 360 nm. The injection volume was 10 μL. Result: The linearity of rutin was good within the range of 2.535-10.14 μg (R2=0.999 2), and the average recovery was 98.72%(RSD 1.2%). The linearity of quercetin was good within the range of 0.018 1-0.144 8 μg (R2=0.999 3), and the average recovery of 98.40%(RSD 1.7%). Conclusion: The established method is simple, feasible and highly reproducible, and can be used for determining rutin and quercetin in G. pentaphyllum and providing reference for quality control of G. pentaphyllum.关键词：Gynostemma pentaphyllum;HPLC;rutin;quercetin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: There are rich in mineral elements in Tibetan medicine Renqing Mangjue, in which contain a lot of Hg, Pb and As besides the human body essential trace elements and macro elements. So to establish the method for determination 24 inorganic elements in Renqing Mangjue by micrwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Method: A method was studied for the assay of many inorganic elements such as Cr, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn and As in Renqing Mangjue by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with Rh and Re as internal standards. Result: Detection limits for above elements were 0.003 2-2.419 g·g-1, with the recoveries were 80.62%-108.2% except for Hg. Conclusion: Established a fast, accurate and reliable method for assay of 24 inorganic elements in Renqing Mangjue. Which are foundations for the further research the species of every element in Renqing Mangjue, its pharmacological effects and establish the quality standard of Renqing Mangjue.关键词：microwave digestion;ICP-MS;Renqing Mangjue;inorganic element
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: In order to analyze the volatile constituents in cultivars Senshan 1 and the other 11 Dendrobium officinale fresh flowers, and identify of aroma chemical composition. The volatile components compared the in different D.officinale flowers, should be used as an indicator to provide a theoretical reference for D.officinale strain evaluation. Method: Extract and analyze the volatile components through head space solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and GC-MS, and then through SPSS 18.0 software to judge distance kinship using the volatile components in each D.officinale flowers. Result: The main compounds include terpenes, esters, aliphatic, aromatic compounds, various types volatile components appeared differences among 11 families of D.officinale flowers. The cluster analysis results based on close kinship families are relatively close in properties and composition of the volatile components, then the 11 families Dendrobium should divided into three categories according to kinship clustering. Conclusion: The advantage of solid phase micro extraction technology ensure the full content material content and reduce the loss of volatile substances. And at the same time take advantage of the volatile chemical composition and phylogenetic relationships can also provide theoretical reference for D.officinale hybrid breeding and strain evaluation.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish methods of thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification and content determination of Lespedeza cuneata. Method: Quality differentiation method was developed using TLC and with toluene-ethyl formate-formic acid (10 : 8 : 1) as the developing solvent. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), content determination of quercetin was carried on Hypersil ODS2 C18(4.6 mm×200 mm, 5 μm) column eluted with a mixture of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphate(20 : 80) as the mobile phase, and diodematrix detector was used as the detector. Result: The established TLC method could effectively isolate each component, and the established HPLC method could accurately determine the content of quercetin in L cuneata. Conclusion: The established methods of TLC and HPLC can be used to detect the quality of L. cuneata.关键词：Lespedeza cuneata;quercetin;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Ophioglossum pedunculosum, O.vulgatum and O.thermal of O. and provide basis for its quality evaluation. Method: HPLC method was used on Waters Xbridget column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of methanol (A)-0.3%methanoic acid solution (B) for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1and the column temperature was 40 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 260 nm, and the injection volume was 10 μL. The fingerprints of Ophioglossum were analyzed by cluster analysis, similarity comparative analysis and principal component analysis. Result: Fifteen batches of Ophioglossum were classified into three kinds, and 14 main common peaks were identified in the fingerprints. The genetic relationship of O.vulgatum and O.thermal was close to each other, while far away from O.pedunculosum. Four control substances including ophioglonol, 3-O-methylquercetin, ophioglonol4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and 3-O-methylquercetin7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl- 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside can be served as chemotaxonomy tags for distinguishing the above three kinds. Conclusion: The establishment of HPLC fingerprint of Ophioglossum provides a reference method for quality control and species identification of its original plants.关键词：Ophioglossum;Ophioglossum pedunculosum;Ophioglossum thermal;Ophioglossum vulgatum;fingerprint
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the similarities and differences of Atractylodes chinensis rhizome in chemical constituents between different origins:Chengde of Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin and Shanxi. Method: Gas chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to analyze the A. chinensis from different origins;qualitative identification was done for various chemical constituents, followed by content comparison and cluster analysis between different samples. Result: A total of 35 chemical compounds were detected in all of the A. chinensis rhizome samples from different origins, and 33 of them were qualitatively identified, including 13 kinds of olefins, 9 kinds of alcohols, 6 kinds of ketones, 5 kinds of esters and 2 kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons. Cluster analysis results showed that A. chinensis from Chengde and A. chinensis rhizome from Inner Mongolia were classified into one category;A. chinensis rhizome from Liaoning, Jilin and Shanxi were classified into the other category. Conclusion: A. chinensis originated from five different regions above can be divided into two categories;A. chinensis rhizome from Chengde is similar with the one from Inner Mongolia in the respect of chemical compositions.关键词：Atractylodes chinensis rhizome;chemical composition;gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical constituents from n-butyl alcohol extracts of total polyphenols effective part from pomegranate peel, expound the material foundation of its anti-tumor effect, and provide scientific basis for its development and utilization. Method: Separation techniques such as silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase silica gel column chromatography and preparation liquid chromatography were used, and 6 monomer compounds were isolated from total polyphenols effective part from pomegranate peel. Their structures were identified according to the physicochemical properties,1H-NMR spectroscopy data and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy data. Result: Six monomer compounds were obtained from n-butyl alcohol extracts of total polyphenols effective part from pomegranate peel, and were identified as narcissin(1), 1-O-glaloyl-β-D-glucos(2), tachioside(3), p-hydroxybenzoic acid glucose ester(4), coumaric acid glucose ester(5), 2-phenylethyl rutinoside(6). Conclusion: All other compounds except compound 2 were isolated from pomegranate peel for the first time.关键词：total polyphenols effective part from pomegranate peel;chemical compositionp;structure identification
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate effect the of phospholipids composition on tissue distribution characteristics of brucine in stealth liposomes containing total alkaloids from Strychni Semen. Method: Liposomes containing total alkaloids from Strychni Semen were prepared by ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradients and stealth liposome technique.Contents of total alkaloids and brucine in liposomes were determined and compared after free drug was removed.After intravenous administration of total alkaloids solution or stealth liposomes with different composition,tissue and plasma samples were drawn at different intervals and the concentration of brucine were determined by a validated HPLC method. Result: Ratio of brucine to total alkaloids in liposomes,in the range of 26%-31%,hardly varied with phospholipids composition.Compared with soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) stealth liposomes,after intravenous administration of stealth liposomes composed of both hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and SPC,the concentration of burcine in small intestine and plasma at 5 min were significantly increased 1.34-fold and 2.35-fold,respectively.Moreover,following administration of HSPC stealth liposomes containing total alkaloids,plasma concentration of brucine was much higher than other liposomes.Compared with SPC liposomes,plasma concentration of brucine at 5 min increased by 8.52-fold.In addition,brucine concentration in spleen,lung and heart were also significantly increased and those in small intestine were significantly reduced. Conclusion: Phospholipids composition is the key factor which influences tissue distribution of brucine after intravenous administration of stealth liposomes containing total alkaloids from Strychni Semen.关键词：Strychni Semen;total alkaloids;brucine;stealth liposomes;huperzine A
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To calculate pharmacokinetic parameters of brucine and strychnine in rats after oral administration of Rebiqing tablets and Strychni Semen Pulveratum,and compare their pharmacokinetic characteristics in plasma. Method: UPLC-MS/MS was employed to determine contents of brucine and strychnine in rat plasma with Agela Venusil ASB C18column (2.1 mm×50 mm,3 μm),taking acetonitrile-0.15% formic acid (60: 40) as mobile phase at 0.1 mL·min-1.Column temperature was 35 ℃.Internal standard was clenbuterol hydrochloride,UPLC-MS/MS was performed with electrospray ionization (ESI) and operated in positive mode in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM).Reaction selected ions were m/z 395.22-243.97 for brucine,m/z 335.14-183.96 for strychnine and m/z 277.11-202.87 for internal standard.Samples were extracted from rat plasma by liquid-liquid extraction.Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.1 software. Result: Main pharmacokinetic parameters of brucine in Rebiqing tablets and Strychni Semen Pulveratum were as follows:tmax of (27±11),(40±12) min,Cmax of (5.6±1.2),(4.5±1.7) μg·L-1,AUC0-t of (922±96),(710±126) μg·min·L-1,CL/F of (4 596±306),(87±34) L·min-1·kg-1;parameters of strychnine in them were (30±9),(42±14) min,(27.3±10.8), (15.9±7.0) μg·L-1,(3 957±651),(2 031±256) μg·min·L-1 and (880 ±84),(49±10) L·min-1·kg-1,respectively. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic behavior of brucine and strychnine are well fitted to two-compartment model in rats.Compared with Strychni Semen Pulveratum,Rebiqing tablets can significantly improve oral bioavailability,accelerate absorption and elimination rate of brucine and strychnine.关键词：Rebiqing tablets;brucine;strychnine;clenbuterol hydrochloride;UPLC-MS/MS
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of different formulated Qiwei Baizhu San on the mRNA expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10 and interferon-α (IFN-α) in intestinal mucosal epithelia of mice with intestinal flora alteration. Method: Ceftriaxone, lincomycin hydrochloride and folium sennae were administered to mice by gavage to establish intestinal flora alteration type diarrhea models. After modeling, the mice were randomly divided into model group (MG, referred to as natural recovery group ZHG), Qiwei Baizhu decoction group (QJG, 6 g·kg-1), Qiwei Baizhu drops group (QDG, 1.36 g·kg-1), Qiwei Baizhu extract group (QTG, 0.27 g·kg-1), and normal group (NG). Mice in MG (ZFG) and NG were given with distilled water by ig administration, and the mice in rest treatment groups were given with appropriate dosage of the drugs by ig administration. At days 7, 9, 11 and 13 of modeling, intestine was taken from 10 mice in each group for RT-PCR analysis of IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-α mRNA in intestinal mucosal epithelia of the mice. Result: Expressions of IL-4 mRNA and IL-10 mRNA in QJG QTG and QDG were higher than those in MG (P<0.05) at different treatment time. Expressions of IFN-α mRNA in NG, QJG, QTG and QDG were significantly lower than those in MG (P<0.05). At the different treatment time, IFN-α mRNA expression in intestinal mucosal epithelia of mice in QJG, QTG and QDG was gradually decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Different formulations of Qiwei Baizhu San can attenuate the intestinal inflammation, promote repair of damaged mucosa tissues by up-regulating the expressions of IL-4 and IL-10, and down-regulating the expression of IFN-α in intestinal mucosal epithelia. In addition, Qiwei Baizhu drops and Qiwei Baizhu extract are superior to Qiwei Baizhu decoction in regulating immune functions.关键词：Qiwei Baizhu San;formulation type;intestinal flora alteration;immunoregulation;cytokine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effects of Qigui Yishen formulae on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model rats and investigate its mechanism in delaying renal fibrosis progress by regulating the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. Method: Thirty two Balb/C mice were used to establish UUO renal disease model, and divided into four groups according to intervention drugs:Qigui Yishen formulae group (Chinese medicine group, 10 g·kg-1), Lotensin group (10 mL·kg-1),model group and sham-operation group. After experiment, the renal tissues were taken, HE staining and Masson staining were used for pathological detection, and the changes in renal tubular-interstitial index were observed. Immunohistochemistry examination was used to detect the protein expression of TGF-β1, Smads, PI3K and fibronectin (FN). The protein and mRNA expressions of TGF-β1 and PI3K were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot. Result: Compared with the sham operation group, renal tubular-interstitial index was significantly increased in model group, and the immunohistochemistry examination results showed that TGF-β1 protein and mRNA expressions, Smads, and FN protein expressions were significantly increased, while PI3K protein expression and mRNA expression were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, renal tubular-interstitial index was significantly reduced in Chinese medicine group and Lotensin group, and the immunohistochemistry examination results showed that TGF-β1 protein and mRNA expressions, Smads, and FN protein expressions were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while PI3K protein expression and mRNA expression were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Qigui Yishen formulae had treatment effects on delaying renal fibrosis progress in UUO model rats. The mechanism of action might be associated with regulating TGF-β1/Smads/PI3K signaling pathway.关键词：Qigui Yishen formulae;regulation;cell signaling pathway;renal fibrosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the protective effects of Shenlou Shuangxin(SLSX) pills on the myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Method: Totally 80 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, diltiazem group, danlou tablets group, and SLSX pills (0.35,0.7,1.4,2.8 g·kg-1) groups. The model was induced by threading the left anterior descending coronary artery in each group, instantly giving the drugs, 10 min later ligating the left anterior for 45 min, and reperfusing for 180 min. Sham operation group was only threaded, but not ligated. After the modeling, efforts were made to observe the changes in myocardial infarct range, serum creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Result: Compared with sham operation group, model group showed significant increases in CK, CK-MB, LDH and myocardial infarct range (P<0.01); Compared with the model group, all SLSX pills groups had significant differences in myocardial infarct range, except for SLSX pills 0.7 g·kg-1 group (P< 0.05,P<0.01); Compared with the model group, all SLSX pills groups showed obvious declines in serum CK, LDH and CK-MB, except for SLSX pills 2.8 g·kg-1 group (P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion: SLSX pills has the protective effect on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats by reducing the myocardial infarct area and the level of serum myocardial enzyme.关键词：myocardial ischemia;reperfusion injury;Shenlou Shuangxin pills;myocardial infarction range;serum myocardial enzyme
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of patchouli alcohol (PA) on inducing apoptosis of MV4-11 cells and preliminarily investigate its potential mechanism. Method: The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was used to detect the inhibitory effect of PA on human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG-2, human lung epithelial cell line A549, human leukemia cell line MV4-11, human skin melanoma cell line A375, mice breast cancer cell line 4T1, human mononuclear cell type lymphoma cell line THP-1, and human normal embryonic kidney cell line 293A. The morphology changes of apoptosis were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining method. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide staining method using flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of NF-κB, p-PKM2 and Cystine aspartic acid protease-3 (Caspase-3). Result: PA could efficiently inhibit the proliferation of HCT116, HepG-2, human A549, MV4-11, A375, 4T1, THP-1, and 293A, with IC50 values of 0.26, 0.32, 0.28, 0.09, 0.37, 0.23, 0.24, and 0.33 mmol·L-1, respectively. After MV4-11 cells were treated for 24 h, nuclear shrinkage, chromatin condensation and obvious apoptosis were observed. The 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 mmol·L-1 PA could induce apoptosis of MV4-11 cells, with the apoptosis rates of 7.9%, 13.6%, 22.0% respectively, with statistically significant difference compared with control group (P<0.05). Western blot results showed that PA could result in changes of NF-κB, p-PKM2, and Caspase-3 protein expressions (P<0.05). Conclusion: PA can inhibit the proliferation of human leukemic cell line MV4-11, and induce apoptosis. Its mechanism may be associated with the changes of NF-κB, p-PKM2, and Caspase-3 protein expressions.关键词：patchouli alcohol;apoptosis;MV4-11 leukemia cell;proliferation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the mechanism of Yiqi Yangyin formula on mitochondrial pathway of granulosa cells apoptosis induced by cDDP. Method: Granulosa cells apoptosis model was induced by cDDP. Then drug-containing serum of different concentrations (10.5,21,31.5 g·kg-1) were used to intervene in apoptosis. The blank group was also set up. The proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by MTT assays and flowcytometry. GC apoptosis rate was detected with TUNEL staining. Calcium concentration and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by confocal laser scanning microscope. The mRNA expressions of Bcl-2, Bad, Caspases-3 and Caspases-9 were detected by RT-PCR;protein levels of PI3K, Akt and p-Akt were detected by western blot, respectively. Result: Compared with the blank group, the model group showed significant increase in GC apoptosis rate and Ca2+ fluorescence intensity and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP). Besides, the mRNA expressions of Bad, Caspases-3, Caspases-9 were significantly higher in model group than those in control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, Bcl-2 mRNA expression, PI3K and p-Akt were significantly lower in model group (P<0.05). In middle and high dose groups, calcium concentration, the mRNA expression of Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were down-regulated significantly (P<0.05), while the mitochondrial membrane potential, Bcl-2 mRNA expression, and the protein levels of PI3K and p-Akt were up-regulated significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Yiqi Yangyin formula can inhibit GC apoptosis induced by cDDP by activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway, up-regulating anti-apoptosis factors (Bcl-2), down-regulating expressions of pro-apoptosis factors (Bad and caspases family), stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing calcium influx.关键词：Yiqi Yangyin formula;cis-diamine dichloroplatinum;granulosa cell;mitochondrial apoptotic pathway
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of Huoxue Jiangzhi Baogan decoction (HJBD) on the mRNA and protein expression levels of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) in liver tissues of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and explore its possible mechanisms of prevention and treatment for NAFLD. Method: Totally 60 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal group, model group, HJBD high dose group, mid dose group, and low dose group(6.84,13.68,27.36 g·kg-1), as well as Qianggan tablets group(0.067 g·kg-1). All other groups except the normal group were given with high-fat diet for 8 weeks, and then the rats were either treated with low, middle or high doses of HJBD and Qianggan tablets through gastric gavage for 10 weeks. Fast serum samples were obtained for lipid profile. Liver histopathogy was performed on HE slides, and the expressions levels of MTP mRNA and protein in liver tissues were assayed by Real-time PCR. Result: Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR results showed that, compared with the normal group, MTP expression was decreased in model group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of MTP were increased in various dose groups of HJBD and Qianggan tablets group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01, P<0.05), especially in high dose group. Blood lipids metabolic disorder and liver steatosis were also improved to varying degrees in the treatment groups as compared with the model group. Conclusion: HJBD has a good therapeutic effect for NAFLD rats induced by high-fat diet, and we speculate that MTP mRNA may be its effective targets.关键词：non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;Huoxue Jiangzhi Baogan decoction;microsomal triglyceride transfer protein
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Fushen Jiangzhuo decoction (FJD) on biochemical indicators, kidney tissue morphology, expression of fibrosis factor transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and collagen type Ⅰ (ColⅠ) protein in rats with renal interstitial fibrosis. Method: On the base of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN), the modeling time was extended to 12 weeks, making natural development of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats. Totally 24 rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, FJD Chinese medicine group and benazepril group. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), and 24 hours urinary protein in serum were detected in the rats. Light microscope was used to observe renal biopsy tissues. The protein expressions of TGF-β1, HGF and ColⅠ in renal tissues were detected respectively by immunohistochemistry assay. Result: Through the observation of BUN, SCr, 24 hours urinary proteins and renal tissue morphology, obvious renal interstitial injury was obvious in model group when compared with the normal group (P<0.01), and the injury degree was alleviated in benazepril group and the Chinese medicine group (P<0.01). At the end of 12 weeks, expressions of TGF-β1 and ColⅠin modeling groups were higher than those in normal group (P<0.01), but were significantly decreased in FJD group and benazepril group (P<0.01). Level of HGF protein expression in model group was lower than that in normal group (P<0.01), but was increased in FJD group and benazepril group (P<0.01). Conclusion: FJD can protect renal interstitial fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1and ColⅠprotein expressions and increasing HGF protein expression.关键词：Fushen Jiangzhuo decoction;renal interstitial fibrosis;transforming growth factor-β1;collagen type Ⅰ;hepatocyte growth factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the impact of Xuanfei Pingchuan formula on airway inflammation and Th17/Treg cells in the asthmatic mice induced by ovalbumin (OVA). Method: The 55 female Balb/C mice at the age of 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into normal group, model group, prednisone group (7.5 mg·kg-1·d-1), low and high dose Xuanfei Pingchuan formula groups (16.72, 66.88 g·kg-1·d-1), with 11 mice in each group. Asthmatic mice models were established by OVA with intra-abdominal injection and inhalation, while the mice in normal group received injection and airway atomization of normal saline (NS). Mice in each treatment group were administered with corresponding drugs by gavage after provocation test, and the normal group and model group received normal saline. After treatment for 15 days, all the mice were put into death after the last administration. The lung tissues of mice were observed by pathological section and HE staining. The level of serum interleukin-4(IL-4), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA). The proportion of Th17 cells and Treg cells in the blood were detected by flow cytometry (FC). Result: Compared with the model group, injury of lung tissues was alleviated in various treatment groups, and the levels of IL-4, TNF-α were decreased (P<0.05), the level of TGF-β was increased (P<0.05), the level of Th17 cells was decreased while the level of Treg cells was increased. There was no statistically significant difference in levels of IL-4, TNF-α and TGF-β between prednisone group and Xuanfei Pingchuan formula low and high dose groups. However, Xuanfei Pingchuan formula low and high dose groups had better effect in decreasing Th17 cells proportion and increasing Treg cells proportion. Conclusion: Xuanfei Pingchuan formula has certain protective effect for the mucosa damage of lung tissues in asthmatic mice. Its mechanism may be related to down-regulating Th17 cells level, up-regulating Treg cells level, and restoring the balance of Th17/Treg cells, thus decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-4, TNF-α and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β.关键词：asthma;Xuanfei Pingchuan formula;Th17 cells;Treg cells;interleukin-4;tumor necrosis factor-α;transforming growth factor-β
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the mechanism of Zaizao Wan Sailong bone replacement of leopard bone against cerebral ischemia, and provide experimental pharmacology data for replacement rationality. Method: The decapitation ischemia experiment and bilateral carotid artery ligation were used to establish mice models and observe the effect of Sailong bone Zaizao Wan (hereinafter referred to as Sailong bone Zaizao Wan) on acute cerebral ischemia in mice. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) cerebral ischemic models were induced by using suture-occluded method. The effect of Sailong bone Zaizao Wan on infract area, neurological scores, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum were observed. 'Collagen-Adr' was used to induce thrombosis mice models and observe hemiplegia formation rate and mortality. Acute blood stasis rat models were used to observe hemorheology and platelet aggregation rate, and evaluate the effect of Sailong bone Zaizao Wan on activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis. Result: Sailong bone Zaizao Wan can increase breathing time and frequency of mice with acute cerebral ischemia after decollation, with no significant difference with Zaizao Wan group;and can significantly prolong the survival time of bilateral carotid artery ligation in mice with acute cerebral ischemia, with no significant difference with Zaizao Wan group. Sailong bone Zaizao Wan could significantly decrease the infarct size in MCAO rats, and 4, 24 hours after ischemia, neurological function scores were decreased. Various treatment groups could significantly reduce serum MDA level in model rats;low dose group could improve serum SOD activity in MCAO model rats;various dose groups could significantly increase serum NO level in rats and the effect was better than Zaizao Wan group. Sailong bone Zaizao Wan could reduce the mortality within 5 min induced by tail intravenous injection of "collagen-Adr" thrombus formation, and increase the hemiplegia recovery rate within 15 min. It could decrease the whole blood flow shear rate and reduce ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate in blood stasis model rats. Conclusion: Sailong bone Zaizao Wan has protective effect on cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms may be related to its antioxidant capacity and improvement of hemorrheology.关键词：Zaizao Wan;Sailong bone;leopard bone;cerebral ischemia;antioxidant;dissipate blood stasis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe effect of postpartum depression on offspring by taking postpartum depression offspring animal model,and to identify treatment of Yueju Ganmai Dazao decoction can improve depressive behavior of postpartum depression offspring. Method: Afetr animal model of postpartum depression was successfully established,Balb/c male offspring mice were divided as normal group (CTL-F1,n=16),postpartum depression offspring group (PPD-F1,n=8),postpartum depression offspring treated with saline (Veh,n=8) and postpartum depression offspring treated with Yueju Ganmai Dazao decoction (YG,n=8).Veh treated with normal saline by 10 mL·kg-1,YG given Yueju Ganmai Dazao decoction with 8.3 g·kg-1,tail suspension test and novelty suppressed-feeding test were used to observe depressive behavior of mice. Result: Immobility time of PPD-F1 was significantly longer than that of CTL-F1 in tail suspension test,food intake significantly decreased in novelty suppressed-feeding test.However,compared with Veh,immobility time of YG significantly shortened and its food intake significantly increase. Conclusion: Postpartum depression offspring more easily shows depressive behavior,Yueju Ganmai Dazao decoction can quickly and effectively improve this depressive behavior.关键词：postpartum depression offspring;Yueju Wan;Ganmai Dazao Tang;rapid antidepressant
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the safety of dianhydrogalactitol (DAG) in zebrafish embryos. Method: The 6 hours post fertilization (hpf), normally developed zebrafish embryos were exposed to DAG solution in two different experimental groups (A and B). Group A was a low-dose concentration group:98.00, 110.00, 125.00, 141.00, 160.00 mg·L-1, while group B was a high-dose concentration group:661.00, 871.00, 1 148.00, 1 514.00, and 1 995.00 mg·L-1. The corresponding blank controls were set for both groups. The DAG solution was refreshed every 24 h. Microscope was used to observe embryos development at different treating periods. Finally, the median lethal concentration (LC50), median effect concentration (EC50), therapeutic index (TI) and safety index (SI) were calculated. Result: Zebrafish heart rate of group B at 48 hpf was decreased with the increase of concentration of DAG solution. In addition, 48, 72, 96 hpf hatchabilities showed different trends at different observation time points (48, 72, 96 hpf). Difference was statistically significant compared with controls in both groups (P<0.01). Deformity rate and mortality rate of zebrafish embryos were increased with the increasing concentration of DAG solution and extended medication time (P<0.01). The LC50 was 1 851.33 mg·L-1, EC50 of 184.50 mg·L-1, TI of 10.03 mg·L-1, and SI of 1.59 mg·L-1at 72 hpf. LC50 at 96 hpf was 1 071.96 mg·L-1, EC50 of 74.76 mg·L-1, TI of 14.34 mg·L-1, and SI of 2.94 mg·L-1. LC50 at 6 dpf was 133.12 mg·L-1. Conclusion: There is a significant dose-dependent relationship between the concentration of DAG solution and the toxicity in zebrafish embryos development. There is also a significant dose-dependent relationship between the exposure time and the toxicity. In conclusion DAG's safety evaluation index is relatively high.关键词：dianhydrogalactitol;zebrafish embryos;toxicity;safty assessment
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of compound Tripterygium wilfordii(TW) on attenuating hepatotoxicity through regulation of metabolic enzymes. Method: Sprague dawley (SD) rats were intragastrically administrated with different doses of TW for one month to screen the dose of hepatotoxicity. TW single drug and compound TW were intragastrically administrated for one month respectively. Gene expression changes in rat liver were detected using gene chip technique, and expressions of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors (PPARs) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) were detected using real-time quantitative PCR. Result: Hepatotoxicity dose was 15.6 g·kg-1 of raw TW. Gene chip results showed that TW could inhibit expressions of cytocharome P450 enzymes(CYP) 2E1, CYP8B1 and CYP2B, and induce expression of CYP7A1.Compound TW could induce expressions of CYP3A4, CYP2E1, CYP8B1, and CYP2B. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that TW could inhibit expressions of nuclear receptors CAR, PXR and PPAR, and Compound TW could improve its inhibitory effect on nuclear receptors. Conclusion: Compound TW preparations can affect expressions of nuclear receptors and metabolic enzymes, which may regulate endogenous and exogenous metabolic processes and thereby attenuate hepatotoxicity.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of Mufangji Tang combined with Danhong injection in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease at acute exacerbation stage. Method: The 130 patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease at acute exacerbation stage in recent years in our hospital were chosen and randomly divided into control group (65 patients) with Danhong injection and observation group (65 patients) with Mufangji Tang on the basis of conventional western medicine treatment. The clinical efficacy, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome scores, cardiac function grading, levels of pulmonary function, blood gas analysis and blood rheology indexes before and after treatment of both groups were compared. Result: The clinical efficacy of observation group was significantly better than that of control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The TCM syndrome scores after treatment in observation group were significantly better than those of control group and those before treatment, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The cardiac function grading, levels of pulmonary function, blood gas analysis and blood rheology indexes after treatment in observation group were significantly better than those in control group and those before treatmentwith statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mufangji Tang combined with Danhong injection in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease at acute exacerbation stage can efficiently relieve clinical symptoms and signs, improve heart and lung functions and help to reduce the degree of blood viscosity.关键词：Mufangji Tang;chronic pulmonary heart disease;acute exacerbation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the efficacy of integrated Chinese and western medicine for vitality-deficiency and blood stasis type tubal pregnancy. Method: In this multicenter randomized controlled clinical study, a total of 300 patients of vitality-deficiency and blood stasis type tubal pregnancy were randomly divided into two groups:150 patients in the western medicine group were treated with mifepristone 150 mg po, once a day for 5 days. Based on the treatment of the western medicine group, 150 patients in the integrated Chinese and western medicine group (integrated group) were also treated with ‘Modified Gongwaiyun No.1 Recipe’, and combined with Chinese patent drug for oral use, external use and intravenous drip. Effective rate of the both groups were detected. Time of serum Human chorionic gonadotropin-β(β-HCG) declining by more than 50% and 90%, time of the pelvic mass and pelvic effusion reducing by more than 50%, time of using medication and time of abdominal pain disappearing were calculated. Result: There were statistically significant differences in the total clinical effective rate between two groups (81.33% in integrated group VS 71.33% in western medicine group, P<0.05). Time of serum β-HCG declining by more than 50% and 90%, time of the pelvic mass and pelvic effusion reducing by more than 50%, and time of using medication in integrated group were shorter than those in western medicine group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Integrated Chinese and western medicine treatment was effective and reliable for tubal pregnancy (vitality-deficiency and blood stasis type), and it can also shorten the treatment course of tubal pregnancy.关键词：tubal pregnancy;integrated Chinese and western medicine;vitality-deficiency and blood stasis type
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the protection effect of Xinmailong injection in treating breast cancer patients with myocardial damage caused by sequential chemotherapy of trastuzumab and anthracyclines and investigate its effect on serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Method: Sixty breast cancer patients in our hospital were randomly divided into control group (30 cases) and treatment group (30 cases) with reference to digital table method. Patients of control group were treated with sequential chemotherapy of trastuzumab (after the periods of anthracyclines with first-dose of 8 mg·kg-1 and 6 mg·kg-1 hereafter) and anthracyclines (pirarubicin, 60 mg·m-2 and pharmorubicin, 60 mg·m-2), 1 course/3 weeks, 1 time/course, 6 courses in total. Patients of treatment group were also given with Xinmailong injection based on the treatment of control group from one day before chemotherapy to one week after chemotherapy (2 injections/time, 7times/course). The symptomatic scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), serum troponinI(cTnI) and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) in two groups were compared. Changes of hemorheology, serum IL-6 and TNF-α were detected before and after treatment in two groups. Result: The symptomatic scores of TCM, serum levels of cTnI and H-FABP in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group at the ending of chemotherapy and 1 week after chemotherapy (P<0.01). Blood viscosities of high shearrate, middle shearrate and low shearrate, plasma viscosity, serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group at the ending of chemotherapy and 1 week after chemotherapy, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: Xinmailong injection could effectively improve the clinical symptoms and myocardial damages in treating breast cancer patients with myocardial damage caused by sequential chemotherapy of trastuzumab and anthracyclines. The mechanism may be associated with decreasing blood viscosity and inhibiting expressions of serum IL-6 and TNF-α.关键词：Xinmailong injection;trastuzumab;anthracyclines;breast cancer;myocardial damage
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effectiveness of Xueshuantong combined with prostaglandin E1 in treatment of peripheral arterial disease and its effect on blood rheology. Method: The 91 patients with peripheral arterial disease from July 2013 to June 2014 were divided into two groups according to random number. Patients in treatment group(46 cases) were treated with Xueshuantong combined with prostaglandin E1, while patients in control group (45 cases) were treated with prostaglandin E1.After treatment, the curative effect of two groups was observed;ankle brachial index(ABI), toe brachial index (TBI), dorsalis pedis artery blood flow, and hemodynamic indexes were observed before and after treatment in both groups. Result: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in general data such as patients age, sex, fortain stage, body mass index, pathological changes of lower limbs, ABI, TBI, the dorsalis pedis artery blood flow, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and hemodynamic indexes. After treatment, total effective rate was 95.65% in treatment group, higher than 82.61% in control group, with significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, ABI, TBI, dorsalis pedis artery blood flow were significantly higher than those before treatment in both groups, with significant difference (P<0.05), and the above levels in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, hemodynamic indexes of two groups were reduced significantly (P<0.05), and the reduction degree in treatment group was significantly greater than that in control group (P<0.05). In the process of treatment, liver or kidney functional abnormities were present in both groups, but they turned back to normal levels after symptomatic treatment, with no difference in incidence of adverse reactions between two groups. Conclusion: Xueshuantong combined with prostaglandin E1 has good effect in treatment of peripheral arterial disease, which could improve the clinical symptoms and hemodynamics, and inhibit the inflammatory response.关键词：peripheral arterial disease;Xueshuangtong;Prostaglandin E1;hemodynamics
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Huoxue Jiedu pill on cytokines in patients with acute mastitis. Method: The 201 patients with acute mastitis in our hospital between May 1st 2012 to May 1st 2015 were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 96 patients in treatment group and 105 patients in control group. Patients were treated with Huoxue Jiedu pill or placebo for 7 days on basis of antibiotic therapy. Results of routine blood test, serum and milk interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels before and after treatment in two groups were compared. The total effective rates of two groups were compared. Result: Total effective rate was 100% in treatment group and 85.7% in control group respectively. Serum IL-6 and CRP levels were decreased significantly after treatment in both groups(P<0.05), and the above levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group after treatment(P<0.05). Human milk IL-6 and CRP levels were decreased significantly after treatment in both groups(P<0.05), and the above levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). Leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts were decreased significantly after treatment in both groups(P<0.05). Leukocyte and monocyte counts in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Huoxue Jiedu pill combined with western medicine is safe and effective for acute mastitis, thus is worthy of widespread application.关键词：acute mastitis;Huoxue Jiedu pill;interleukin-6;C-reactive protein
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of oral and fumigation-washing administration of Juanbi decoction on active stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with cold dampness syndrome and investigate its effect on levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) in serum and synovial fluid. Method: One hundred and twenty RA patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group by random number table, n=60 in each group. Patients in both groups were treated with non-drug therapy referring to Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of RA. Patients in control group were also treated with methotrexate tablets (10 mg/time, 1 time/week) and leflunomide tablets (10 mg/time and 1 time/day). Based on the treatment of control group, patients in treatment group were also given with oral and fumigation-washing administration of Juanbi decoction,1dose/d and tid for oral, plus fumigation-washing, 2 times/d and 30 min/time. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Scores of Chinese medicine clinical symptoms and levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factors (RF) and C reactive protein (CRP) levels were compared between two groups. Levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels in serum and synovial fluid were detected. Result: The total rate was 96.67% in treatment group, significantly higher than 83.33% in control group (P<0.05). After 12 weeks' treatment, scores of Chinese medicine clinical symptoms in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, ESR, RF, and CRP levels as well as MMP-3 level in serum and synovial fluid in treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while TIMP-1 level was significantly higher than that in control group, with statistical difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: Based on routine western medicine treatment, oral and fumigation-washing administration of Juanbi decoction for active stage RA with cold dampness syndrome could obviously improve clinical symptoms, decrease ESR, RF, and CRP levels, and elevate clinical efficacy. Its action mechanism may be associated with down-regulation of MMP-3 and up-regulation of TIMP-1 in serum and synovial fluid.关键词：Juanbi decoction;rheumatoid arthritis;cold dampness syndrome;matrix metalloproteinase-3;tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Modified Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang for cirrhosis ascites of spleen-kidney-yang deficiency and its effect on glucose (GLU) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in ascitic fluid and serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG). Method: One hundred and four patients with cirrhosis ascites of spleen-kidney-yang deficiency were randomly divided into control group (52 cases) and treatment group (52 cases) with digital table method. By referring to the treatment methods in 'A Consensus Opinion on The Diagnosis and Treatment of Cirrhosis Ascites in The Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine', patients of both groups were treated with therapy of sodium restriction, liver protection and diuresis. Patients of control group were treated with entecavir tablets (0.5 mg/time,qd) by orally taking. Patients of treatment group were also treated with Modified Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang based on the treatment in control group (1 dose/d in form of water decoction, bid). The treatment course was 4 weeks for both groups. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores in both groups were compared before and after treatment.The width of the trunk of vena portae and vena lienalis and the depth of ascites were detected by B ultrasound. LDH and GLU levels in ascites were detected for both groups. Levels of SAAG were compared in two groups before and after treatment. Result: The TCM symptom scores in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group after treatment (P<0.01). The total efficacy of treatment group was 88.46%, significantly higher than 67.31% in control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the width of the trunk of vena portae and vena lienalis and the depth of ascites were significantly lower in treatment group after treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01). Levels of LDH, GLU in ascites and SAAG were significantly lower in the treatment group than those in control group after treatment, with statistically significant differences (P<0.01). Conclusion: Modified Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang combined with entecavir for cirrhosis ascites of spleen-kidney-yang deficiency could evidently improve the TCM symptoms, cirrhotic portal hypertension, clinical therapeutic effects of ascitic fluid and reduce levels of LDH, GLU in ascites and SAAG level.关键词：modified Chishizhi Yuyuliang Tang;entecavir;cirrhosis ascites;spleen-kidney-yang deficiency
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Tiaoying Yangxin decoction in treating sub-healthy insomnia (Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome) and its effect on serum nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6. Method: One hundred patients with sub-healthy insomnia were randomly divided into control group and observation group by numeric table method (50 cases). Patients of control group were treated with estazolam tablets 1 h before sleeping (1 mg/time,qd) and oryzanol tablets (2 tablets/time, tid) by orally taking. Patients in observation group were treated with Tiaoying Yangxin decoction, one dose/day, bid. Both groups were observed for 4 weeks. After treatment, the traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores were compared between two groups. Clinical therapeutic effects were analyzed after treatment in both groups. Serum NF-κB, IL-2 and IL-6 levels were detected in both groups. Result: After treatment, the traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 82% in observation group, significantly higher than 58% in control group (P<0.05). Both before and after treatment, the detected scores of PSQI scale in observation group were lower than those of control group (P<0.01). After treatment, levels of serum NF-κB, IL-2 and IL-6 in observation group were significantly lower than those of control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.01). Conclusion: Tiaoying Yangxin decoction for sub-healthy insomnia of Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome could obviously decrease scores of the clinical symptoms, PSQI, improve the clinical curative effect, and inhibit serum NF-κB, IL-2 and IL-6 levels.关键词：Tiaoying Yangxin decoction;sub-healthy insomnia;Yin-deficiency and fire-hyperactivity syndrome;nuclear transcription factor-κB;interleukin-2;interleukin-6
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the efficacy of Peitu Zhixie decoction combined with trimebutine maleate on irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) of spleen and stomach deficiency type and investigate its effect on calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and aquaporins-8 (AQP-8). Method: One hundred and ten patients with IBS-D were randomly divided into control group and observation (55 patients for each group) by random number table. Patients in control group orally received trimebutine maleate (2 granules/time, tid). Based on the treatment of control group, the patients in observation group were given with additional Peitu Zhixie decoction (1 dose/d, bid). The treatment course was 6 weeks for both groups. Main symptom scores were evaluated pre-post treatment. IBS life scale was used to assess quality of life for all cases. Serum CGRP and AQP-8 levels were detected in both groups before and after treatment. Result: The total effective rate was 96.36% in observation group, superior to 81.88% in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, scores for abdominal distension, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and stool shape in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Scores of mental state, emotional state, diet influence, sleep status, daily exercise, energy change, daily social and work in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, serum CGRP level in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group, while AQP-8 level was significantly higher than that in control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Peitu Zhixie decoction combined with trimebutine maleate for IBS-D of spleen and stomach deficiency syndrome can reduce clinical symptoms, improve quality of life, significantly decrease serum CGRP level and increase AQP-8 level.关键词：irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea;Peitu Zhixie decoction;trimebutine maleate;spleen and stomach deficiency syndrome
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenkang pills in treating Qi deficiency and blood stasis combining with dampness accumulation refractory nephritic syndrome (RNS). Method: Sixty patients of RNS with Qi deficiency and blood stasis combining with dampness accumulation, were randomly divided into two groups. 30 cases in the control group only received Western medicine treatment, and 30 cases in the treatment group were also treated with Shenkang pills based on Western medicine treatment. Patients in both groups were treated continuously for 3 months. The clinical effects were observed, including plasma albumin (Alb), 24 hours urine protein quantity(24 h Upr),blood lipids [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG)], coagulation/fibrinolysis [fibrinogen (Fg), D-dimer (D-D), thrombin time (TT), kaolin partial thromboplastin time (APTT)] and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome. Result: There was significant difference in 24 h Upr in treatment group before and after the treatment (P<0.01), and there was significant difference between the two groups after treatment (P<0.01). There was significant difference in TC, Alb and TG in treatment group before and after the treatment (P<0.01).TC and Alb of the control group were statistically significant before and after treatment (P<0.05), but TG had no statistical significance, and there was significant difference (P<0.01) between the two groups after treatment. There was significant difference in Fg, D-D, APTT and TT in treatment group before and after treatment (P<0.01);Fg, D-D and APTT of control group after treatment were statistically significant (P<0.05), while change of TT had no statistical significance, and there was statistical significant difference between the two groups after treatment (P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrom between two groups after treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion: Shenkang pills combined with western medicine therapy can significantly reduce 24 h Upr, elevate Alb, improve the symptoms of TCM syndrom and state of high coagulation, decrease blood fat, and significantly reduce and relieve the adverse reaction of the hormone and immune inhibitors.关键词：Shenkang pills;refractory nephritic syndrome;Qi deficiency and blood stasis combining with dampness accumulation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Xuanfu Daizhe Tang combined with point-injection on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Method: Totally 72 patients with chemotherapy for malignant tumors were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. The patients in control group were intravenously injected with ondansetron hydrochloride injection (8 mg/time, bid). Patients in treatment group also received Xuanfu Daizhe Tang by orally taking on the basis of treatment in control group, 1 dose/d and point-injection with Huangqi injection (4 mL/time, bid). The effective control rate for vomiting, appetite, Karnofsky(KPS) score changes, body weight changes, blood indicator changes and adverse event incidence were observed and compared. Result: The effective control rate for vomiting was 72.2% and 83.3% in acute phase respectively for the control group and treatment group;while in the delayed phase, the effective control rate for vomiting was 61.1% and 75.0% respectively;the effective control rates in treatment group were higher than those in control group in both phases, with statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The increases in appetite and KPS scores in the treatment group were also higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After chemotherapy, the body weight changes in treatment group were lower than those in control group, with statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After chemotherapy, leukocytes, platelet levels and hemoglobin concentration in the treatment group were higher than those in control group, with statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse events in the treatment group was all lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Xuanfu Daizhe Tang combined with point-injection of Huangqi injection has clear curative effect in the treatment of CINV. It could improve the physical conditions and appetite of patients, and reduce the incidence of adverse events. Therefore, it is worth to be widely used clinically.关键词：chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting;Xuanfu Daizhe Tang;huangqi injection;point-injection
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To predict the possible active ingredients of Puerariae Radix in improving insulin resistance based on molecular docking technology. Method: The 19 key targets related with insulin resistance were selected, and drug-likeness analysis and molecular docking technology were used to virtually screen 63 compounds of Puerariae Radix. Meanwhile, drug-target network models were established by software Cytoscape 3.2.1 for network analysis. Result: The 19 components in radix puerariae higher than the target ligand and with the drug-like ingredients were screened, indicating these molecules were possibly the main active components of radix puerariae in improving insulin resistance. It preliminarily revealed the material foundation of Puerariae Radix in improving insulin resistance. Conclusion: The present approach is helpful to find the active components of Puerariae Radix in improving insulin resistance.关键词：molecular docking;Puerariae Radix;network analysis;virtual screening;insulin resistance
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the medication regularity of Chinese medicine in treating enuresis in children based on modern literature. Method: We searched the clinical research literature from China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI, 1990—2014) about enuresis in children treated by Chinese medicine or integrated Chinese and western medicine, and built a literature database about the Chinese medicine for treating enuresis in children. Then a statistical analysis was carried out to study the Chinese herbs about their usage frequency, classification of effect, nature, flavor and channel tropism. Result: The 112 articles in total were included in this study, involving 95 kinds of Chinese herbs, 1 050 times for usage frequency. The used Chinese herbs mainly included astringent drug, Yang tonifying drug and Qi tonifying drug, with cumulative usage frequency of 62.2%. The main nature of these herbs was warm, calm and lukewarm, with cumulative frequency of 90.7%, and the cumulative frequency of warm and hot herbs was 55.9% totally. The main flavors of the herbs were sweet, pungent, sour and astringent, with cumulative frequency of 79.4%. The main channel tropism of the herbs included kidney and spleen, with cumulative frequency of 45.8%. Conclusion: This study indicates that children with enuresis should be treated from the aspect of deficiency-cold syndrome by Chinese medicine;the specific therapeutic methods mainly contain warming kidney, strengthening spleen, and inducing astringency to arrest urination. For medicine, we should mainly choose the warm or hot herbs in nature, of which the flavor is sweet, pungent, sour or astringent and the channel tropism includes kidney or spleen.关键词：enuresis;children;Chinese medicine;medication regularity;literature research
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the chemotherapy combined with Sijunzi Tang and chemotherapy alone in clinical efficacy, quality of life, and side effects in treatment of colorectal cancer. Method: We searched for the literature of randomized controlled trials, published before October 2015 in both Chinese and English, comparing the chemotherapy combined with Sijunzi Tang and chemotherapy alone in clinical efficacy, quality of life, and side effects in treatment of colorectal cancer. Software Review Manager 5.3 was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature and conduct statistics work. Result: After strict screening, the 8 literature of randomized controlled trials were selected finally, involving 483 patients,the 245 cases with chemotherapy combined with Sijunzi Tang and 238 cases with chemotherapy alone. Results of Meta-analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between two group in the quality of life and side effects (P<0.000 01). There was no significant difference in clinical efficacy (P=0.19). Conclusion: Sijunzi Tang can not only decrease the incidence of side effects of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer, but also improve the quality of life for the patients.关键词：colorectal cancer;Meta-analysis;randomized control trials;Sijunzi Tang
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and medicine regularity in treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) by using text mining technology. Method: Literature related to diabetic nephropathy TCM clinical trials were collected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Access database was established, and SQL was used for data processing. Cytoscape software was used to visualize the results and analyze the TCM diagnosis and treatment characteristics in DN clinical trials. Result: In DN clinical trials, the common symptoms included spiritlessness and fatigue, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, as well as edema;common pathogenesis included obstruction of collaterals, injured Yin and consumed Qi, as well as blood flow obstruction;common syndromes included Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome, as well as Yin and Yang deficiency syndrome;commonly used formula included Liuwei Dihuang Wan, Buyang Huanwu Tang, and Zhenwu Tang;commonly used Chinese medicines included Astragali Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, and Rehmanniae Radix. Conclusion: Obstruction of collaterals as well as Qi and Yin deficiency were considered as the DN pathogenesis characteristics. Supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation to remove stasis, as well as warming Yang and nourishing Yin to tonify the kidney were considered as the treatment characteristics. Using the method of text mining, we can explore the rules of TCM diagnosis and treatment in the clinical trials of diabetic nephropathy, and provide reference for clinical medication and further clinical research.关键词：diabetic nephropathy;text mining;diagnosis and treatment characteristics
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：According to the spirit of General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People ' s Republic of China and Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China on the cultivation and development of group standard guidance (draft).By the basic principles of market leading,government guiding,innovation driven,promote the coordination,from necessity and urgency establishing Chinese herbal pieces industry standard,and the step,basic content,safeguard measures,et al.Author put forward in the related suggestions about establishing industry standard of process piece.Establishing industry standard of row piece were necessary to strengthening process management,stabilize the efficacy of clinical,building Chinese herbal pieces quality guarantee system and promoting the orderly development of the industry of Chinese Herbal Pieces.关键词：group standard;Chinese herbal pieces;industry standard;basic content;safeguard measures
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Systematic review of research literature on Zingiberis Rhizoma,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and ginger juice over these years,to draw differences of Zingiberis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens in all aspects.Refer to literature on the source and origin,chemical composition and pharmacological effects,differences between Zingiberis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens were compared.Zingiberis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens have differences in harvest,sources,chemical composition or pharmacological effects,it should be treated differently in use.In addition,ginger juice also have certain difference,Zingiberis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens can not replace each other,taking differences as breakthrough point,their diversity and differences in effect may be use to provide basis for selecting actual use and clinical trials of ginger.关键词：Zingiberis Rhizoma;Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens;auxiliary ginger juice;chemical composition;pharmacological effects
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Ophiocordyceps sinensis (CS) has been used medicinally for at least 500 years. O. sinensis polysaccharides (CSP), as one of the major bioactive constituents of CS, have exhibited extensive therapeutic effect. Analysis shows that CSPs contain complex compositions, so the isolation, purification, analysis and identification of individual compositions are significant for research on complex pharmacological mechanism of CSP and CS. In recent years, many studies on CSPs, especially the isolation and pharmacological mechanism research of individual compositions have been carried out, indicating that CSPs have varied pharmacological effects such as immune-modulatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-hyperglycemia and anti-hyperlipidemia, with broad appli-cation prospects. The current progress on pharmacological research and future prospects are reviewed in this paper.关键词：Ophiacordyceps sinensis;Ophiacordyceps sinensis polysaccharides (CSP);pharmacological effect;molecular mechanism
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To introduce the research progress on toxicology of alkaloids in Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma(STRR). Method: The studies on toxicity of STRR were summarized, analyzed and reviewed from clinical manifestations, laboratory studies and toxicity mechanism by accessing relevant information and references. Result: STRR has neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, and can induce gastrointestinal side effects and allergic reaction. The toxicity was focused on gastrointestinal side effects and hepatotoxicity. However, neurotoxicity was most significant. Conclusion: Alkaloids of STRR are the material basis for toxic reaction. Both matrine and oxymatrine are the major toxic components of STRR. Overdose is a major cause of poisoning and the mechanism of toxicity is primarily related to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress as well as inflammatory injury.关键词：Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma;alkaloids;acetylcholinesterase;oxidative stress;inflammation;toxicity mechanism
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