最新刊期
卷 20 ， 期 6 ， 2014
- 摘要：Objective: To characterize moisture content,relative density and viscosity of refined honey,find correlations between parameters and select one of these three parameters to define different specifications of refined honey. Method: Samples were refined respectively by atmospheric heating and vacuum heating method,moisture content was determined by Abbe refractometer,relative density was measured by pycnometer,viscosity was determined by rotating rheometer,correlations between these three parameters were investigated by regression analysis. Result: Moisture content,relative density and viscosity in atmospheric(vacuum) refined honey samples were 15.05%-21.26%(13.72%-21.32%),1.401 7-1.447 8(1.403 3-1.456 4),1.89-51.28(1.93-86.01) Pa·s.These three parameters all closely correlated with each other with R2>0.98,correlations between any two parameters of samples by different preparations were consistent. Conclusion: As moisture content was reduced,relative density increased linearly,viscosity increased exponentially,and their strong correlations applied to all samples by both preparations. Moisture content could be directly selected to characterize specifications of refined honey.关键词：refined honey;moisture content;relative density;viscosity;correlation anasysis;shear rate
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To prepare N-trimethyl chitosan(TMC)-coated liposomes loaded with curcumin (Cur-TCL) and investigate its in vivo antioxidant effect on selenite-induced cataract lenses. Method: Cur-TCL were prepared by ethanol injection method and formulation was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology;Membrane filter,transmission electron microscope,dynamic light scattering and electrophoretic light scattering were employed to determined physicochemical parameters of Cur-TCL;Selenite cataract model in rats was established,inhibition of Cur-TCL on oxidation process in selenite cataract formation was investigated. Result: Optimal formulation was as following:phospholipids concentration 4%,cholesterol-phospholipid(1:5.44),curcumin 1.41 mg and the concentration of TMC solution 0.5%.Cur-TCL was spherical-shaped with increasing of mean particle sizes,signigicantly improving of Zeta potential and drug encapsulation efficiency basically unchanged(92.5±0.35)% after coating liposomes with TMC.Compared with uncoated liposomes,SOD activity was elevated by 30.3%,molar concentration of MDA decreased by 52.4% and the content of GSH increased 1.29-fold. Conclusion: Cur-TCL could significantly delay lenses oxidation process of selenite cataract.This work was useful for further research on application of Cur-TCL for cataract therapy.关键词：curcumin;N-trimethyl chitosan;liposomes;antioxidant;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate stability of geniposide and crocin-I in water extract of Gardeniae Fructus and optimize their vacuum extraction process. Method: Stability of geniposide and crocin-I in water extract was studied by classical constant temperature acceleration test.With extract yield,contents of geniposide and crocin-I as dependent variables,solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature and time as independent variables,Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology was optimize vacuum extraction technology. Result: Optimal process parameters was as follows:extraction temperature 45 ℃,extraction time 60 min,ratio of liquid to solid 14:1;Under these conditions,extract yield,contents of geniposide and crocin Ⅰ were 28.24%(0.96%),3.51%(1.44%) and 1.21%(2.21%),respectively. Conclusion: Vacuum extraction method was suitable for Chinese herbals which contained heat-sensitive components.This optimized process was reasonable and practicable,which could provide useful reference for comprehensive utilization of Gardeniae Fructus.关键词：Gardeniae Fructus;geniposide;crocin Ⅰ;vacuum extraction technology;Box-Behnken design;response surface analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study moisture dynamics modelof raw materials of Chinese materia medica through mathematical simulation,and analyze hygroscopic properties of raw materials of Chinese materia medica from view of dynamics. Method: Water absorption of raw materials of Chinese materia medica was determined,Fick'sfirst(second) diffusion law,First-order asymptotic model and Peleg model wereadopted to simulate water absorption kinetics of Chinese medicine raw materials. Result: Moisture absorbing of Chinese medicine raw materials fitted Fick diffusion law,several models were used to imitate moisture absorbing and Peleg model was better than others model,model was relative with equilibrium moisture content and initial rate of water absorption.Similarities between predicted and actual values of Lanqin,Shuanghuanglian prescription,Shanjun Jiangya prescription,Lemai prescription,Xuanmai Ganju prescription,wild chrysanthemum,Chuanshen prescription,Kangxinning prescription,Anshen Yangxin prescription extract were 0.999 6,0.995 9,0.999 2,0.927 1,0.995 7,0.998 8,0.999 1,0.919 8,0.979 6,diffusion coefficients were 1.16×10-7,1.74×10-3,3.06×10-3,2.62×10-3,2.16×10-3,2.48×10-3,2.23×10-3,2.85×10-3,2.64×10-3,respectively. Conclusion: Hygroscopic mechanism of Chinese medicine raw materialscould be explained by investigating absorption kinetics with mathematical simulation.关键词：moisture absorption kinetics;Fick law;first-order asymptotic model;Peleg model;diffusion coefficient
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize molding process of Zhiyu granules and establish its quality standards. Method: With formability and dissolubility as indexes,molding technology of Zhiyu granules was optimized by single factor tests;TLC was used for qualitative identification of Gardeniae Fructus,Curcumae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma;HPLC was adopted to determine the content of gardenoside with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(10:90) and detection wavelength of 238 nm. Result: Optimal molding process was as following:ratio of herbs extract-stevioside-dextrin(10:1:1),added 65% ethanol for made of soft materials,drying temperature at 55 ℃.Spots of Gardeniae Fructus,Curcumae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma on TLC plates were clear without interference by the blank reference;Gardenoside showed a good linear relationship at the range of 3.28-16.40 mg·L-1,average recovery was 101.02% with RSD of 1.67%,the content of gardenoside should not less than 24.0 mg·g-1. Conclusion: Optimized process was simple,feasible and suitable for industrial production;This established quality control method was specific and reproducible,which could be adopted to quality control of Zhiyu granules.关键词：Zhiyu granules;molding process;quality standards;excipients;formability;single factor test;Gardeniae Fructus;Curcumae Radix;Coptidis Rhizoma
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize purification technology of total flavonoids from Callicarpa nudiflora by polyamide resin. Method: With the content of total flavonoids as index,adsorption and elution behavior of polyamide resin for total flavonoids was investigated by stastic-dynamic adsorption-elution test,single factor tests were adopted to optimize purification technology for total flavonoids taking saturated adsorption,pH,elution volume and other parameters. Result: Optimum purification technology parameters were as follows:the concentration of sample solution 0.073 g·mL-1,sample volume of 2 BV,pH of sample solution 3.0,eluted impurities with 3 BV water,then eluted with 3 BV of 80% ethanol;Purity of total flavonoids was up to 42.3% from 5.6%,average retention rate was 89.6%(RSD 3.56%). Conclusion: Purification effect of total flavonoids from C. nudiflora by polyamide resin was feasible,and this study could provide experimental basis for development of new formulations from C. nudiflora.关键词：Callicarpa nudiflora;total flavonoids;polyamide resin;single factor test;static-dynamic adsorption test;purification technology
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize decocting technology conditions of Guiyuan Yiqi Buxue decoction. Method: HPLC was adopted to determine contents of ferulic acid and astragaloside with mobile phases of methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid(60:40) and acetonitrile-water(33:67),detection wavelength of 320 and 203 nm,respectively.Taking dry extract yield,contents of astragaloside and ferulic acid,yield of total polysacchrides as comprehensive evalutaion index,orthogonal test was used to optimize decoction conditions with solid-liquid ratio,decoction time and decoction times as factors. Result: Optimum decoction conditions were as follows:decocted 3 times with 12-fold water,36 minutes each time,soaked 30 min before decocting;Under these conditions,dry extract yield was 6.80%,extraction amount of astragaloside and ferulic acid were 68.17 and 18.24 mg·g-1,yield of total polysacchrides was 6.80%. Conclusion: This optimized decoction technology was stable and reproducible,which was suitable for industrial production of Guiyuan Yiqi Buxue decoction.关键词：Guiyuan Yiqi Buxue decoction;decoction technology;orthogonal test;multi-index ingredients;comprehensive evaluation;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize extraction technology of anthocyanins from ‘tianxianhong’ peach flesh. Method: With yield of anyhocyanins as index,based on single factor tests,orthogonal test was adopted to optimize extraction technology by taking ethanol concentration,pH of extract,extraction time and solid-liquid ratio as factors.HPLC was used to determine the content of anyhocyanins with mobile phase of 4% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile(85:15,pH 2.0) and detection wavelength of 520 nm. Result: The order of factors influencing yield of anthocyanins was pH of extract >solid-liquid ratio >ethanol concentration >extraction time.Optimum extraction technology was as following:extracted 3 h with 10 times the amount of 20% ethanol(pH 2.5) at 40 ℃;Yield of anthocyanins was up to 55.8 μg·g-1. Conclusion: This optimized extraction process was simple and feasible,it would provide experimental basis for further development and utilization of ‘tianxianhong’ peach.关键词：Prunus perica;anthocyanins;orthogonal test;extraction technology;single factor test;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Based on traditional cataplasmsmatrix materials,to optimize a novel formulation of cataplasms matrix materials. Method: With initial adhesion,peeling strength,phosphorus and sensory evaluation as comprehensive evaluation index,orthogonal test was adopted to optimize cataplasmsmatrix formulation by taking sodium polyacrylate,gelatin and sodium hyaluronate as adhesives,glycerol,propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as moisturizers,attapulgite clay and zinc oxide as fillers,aluminum chloride as crosslinking agent. Result: Optimum matrix formulation was sodium polyacrylate-gelatin-sodium hyaluronate-glycerol-propylene glycol-polyethyleneglycol-AlCl3(4.5:2.5:2.0:13:13:13:0.2). Conclusion: These prepared cataplasmshad a certain application value with good initial adhesion,peeling strength,phosphorus and sensory.关键词：hyaluronate acid;Cataplasm;Orthogonal Design;crosslinking agents;fillers;moisturizing agents;adhesives
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize extraction process of Bauhinia championi. Method: Taking ethanol concentration,ratio of material to liquid and reflux time as independent variables,overall desirability of dry extract yield,contents of 3',4',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone(flavonoids 1) and 3',4'-methylenedioxy-5',5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone(flavonoids 2) as dependent variable,data of overall desirabilities were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation and regressed by multiple linear,response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction technology and predictive analyze.HPLC was adopted to determine contents of flavonoids 1 and flavonoids 2 with mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)-water(B) gradient elution(0-20 min,30%-40% A;20-36 min,40%-48% A) and detection wavelength of 324 nm. Result: Complex correlation coefficient of binomial fitting was higher with overall desirability of 0.995 6;Optimal extraction technology was as following:extracted 2 times with 14-fold the amount of 45% ethanol,116 min per time;The mass fractions of flavonoids 1 and flavonoids 2 were 0.046% and 0.027%,dry extract yield was 21.21%. Conclusion: Central composite design-response surface methodology was convenient and highly predictive for optimizing extraction technology of B. championi.关键词：Bauhinia championi;extraction technology;central composite design-response surface methodology;dry extract yield;3’,4’,5’,5,7-pentamethoxyflavone;3’,4’-methylenedioxy-5’,5,6,7-tetramethoxyflavone
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish methods for determination of astragaloside Ⅳ and hydroxysafflor yellow A in Luhong granules. Method: The content of astragaloside Ⅳ was determined by HPLC-ELSD,chromatography was performed on a Kromasil C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) at 25 ℃,mobile phase composition was acetonitrile-water(34:66),flow rate was at 1.0 mL·min-1;An ELSD was used as detector with gas flow rate of 1.5 mL·min-1,nebulization temperature at 40 ℃ and evaporative light temperature at 90 ℃.HPLC-VWD was adopted to determine the content of hydroxysafflor yellow A with mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid (35:2:63),column temperature at 30 ℃,flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1,detection wavelength at 403 nm. Result: Regression equation of astragaloside Ⅳ was Y=1.692 5X+5.832 2(R2=0.999 1) with linear range of 0.165 2-10.58 μg and average recovery of 98.56%(RSD 1.99%);Regression equation of hydroxysafflor yellow A was Y=0.032 5X+0.444 9(R2=1.000) with linear range of 0.021-1.34 μg and average recovery of 101.84%(RSD 2.54%);The mass fraction of them in samples were 0.333,1.803 mg·g-1,respectively. Conclusion: These methods were simple and feasible with good reproducibility,which were suitable for quality control of Luhong granules.关键词：Luhong granules;astragaloside Ⅳ;hydroxysafflor yellow A;HPLC;methodological study
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical consistuents of Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.)Benn.Var.Microphylla(Wedd.)W.T.Wang. Method: Several chromatographic methods were applied to isolate and purify compounds. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic datas. Result: Sixteen compouds were isolated and identified as β-sitosterol(1),tridecyl docosanoate(2),tetrariacontanol(3),tetrariacontanoic acid(4),octacosanol(5),fiedelin(6),epifriedelinol(7),stigmasterol(8),22,23-dihydrospinasterol(9),daucosterol(10),daucosterol palmitate(11),Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(12),kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(13),quercetin-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside(14),quercetin-3,7-2-O-α-L-rhamnoside(15),Vitexin(16). Conclusion: All the compounds were isolated from P. zeylanica(L.)Benn.Var.microphylla(Wedd.) W. T. Wang for the first time.Compounds 2-5,7-9,11-12 were isolated from this genus for the first tmie.关键词：Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.)Benn. Var. microphylla(Wedd.)W. T. Wang;chemical constituents;triterpenoid;sterol;flavonoid glycoside
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish targeted separation and determination of the semi-synthesis precursor compound of artemisinin,arteannuic acid,in Artemisia annua growing in Beijing. Method: Arteannuic acid in plant was determined by HPLC with ODS column. The mobile phase was methanol-0.05% HOAc (85:15) solution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min-1. The UV detection wavelength was 220 nm. Arteannuic acid was extracted by maceration using cold 95% ethanol and purified by silica gel chromatography as well as recrystallization. Result: Arteannuic acid in sample solution was well separated. The average recovery was 98.39% with RSD of 0.81%(n=6) and the linear range was 0.11-2.76 μg. The content range of arteannuic acid was 0.36%-0.58% in A. annua growing in Beijing. The purity of arteannuic acid isolated follow the given process was higher than 98%. Conclusion: The targeted separation and determination method were simple,affordable and reproducible.关键词：Artemisia annua L.;arteannuic acid;content determination;targeted seperation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: A method for simultaneous determination of matrine and oxymatrine in Xianning Linimentum was established by ultra performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS). Method: The UPLC separation was performed on C18 column (2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm) by using methanol and water containing 0.1% formic acid as mobile phase with the gradient elution at a rate of 0.30 mL·min-1. The analytes were detected by tandem mass spectrometry under the positive ion mode with the ESI source and carried out in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Result: Under the optimum conditions,the calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.000 5-0.6 mg·L-1 for matrine,0.000 4-0.5 mg·L-1 for oxymatrine. The detection limits were 0.2,0.2 μg·L-1 respectively. The average recoveries of the three effective components were between 95.8% and 98.6% with all relative standard deviations not more than 1.9%. Conculsion: The developed method is simple,rapid and accurate,and suitable for the quality control of the two components in Xianning Linimentum.关键词：Xianning Linimentum;matrine;oxymatrine;ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of wheat bran in different quality on the appearance and intrinsic quality of Atractylodes fried by wheat bran,and to provide a scientific basis for the quality standard of wheat bran. Method: Using a visual comparison and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to observe the appearance and determine the content of atractylone,atractlenolide Ⅰ,atractlenolide Ⅱ,atractlenolide Ⅲ of Atractylodes fried by different particle size,water content of wheat bran and honey bran. Result: The smaller the particle size,the higher the water content of the wheat bran,the worse the appearance of the processed products,and also the intrinsic quality is worse;the color of products processed by honey bran was brighter than products processed by ordinary bran,and the intrinsic quality is better. Conclusion: The particle size of wheat bran should be greater than 40 meshes,the water content should be less than 10% when Atractylodes fried with wheat bran,and then processed with honey when Atractylodes fried with wheat bran. If conditions permitted,it is recommended to use honey bran. Quality control of the wheat bran has a great significance to improve the quality of processed Atractylode.关键词：wheat bran;processed Atractylodes;appearance;intrinsic quality
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish quality control method of Yao medicine Ardisia crispa,and provide the experimental basis for the formulation of quality standards of A.crispa. Method: Qualitative identification was made by characteristics of material medica,microscopic features and TLC. Moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash,and content of extract were determined with reference to the method in Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition).The content of bergenin and ardisiacrispin A was determined by HPLC-ELSD. Result: Above mentioned method showed a strong specificity,the average content of water,total ash,acid-insoluble ash,alcohol-soluble extracts,bergenin and ardisiacrispin A from 12 batches of sample was 10.8%,2.5%,0.6%,17.8%,0.14%,0.28%.The method of quality control was established by according to the results of this experimental. Conclusion: This method is simple,rapid and reliable,suitable for the quality control of the drug.The method were establishment to control the quality of A.crispa.关键词：Ardisia crispa;microscopic features;TLC;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study and establish the fingerprints of Iris tectorum by HPLC. Method: The fingerprints of I.tectorum was built by using DiamonsilTMC18(4.6 mm×200 mm,5 μm) as analytical column and acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1. Detecting wavelength was set at 275 nm. The temperature of column was at 30 ℃.Total 19 batches of I.tectorum samples and common peaks were pinpointed analyzed. Result: The mutual mode to HPLC fingerprints was set up,and the 15 sources were obtained.The similarities in 12 batches of I.tectorum samples were all above 0.90 and those of 7 batches of adulterants were below 0.65. Conclusion: The method is simple, stable and repeoducible,which can be uesd to identify I.tectorum and its adulterants.关键词：Iris tectorum Maxim;adulterants;HPLC;fingerprints
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Reveal the composition of acidic components and its biological activity of Schisandra chinensis. Method: Using organic solvent extraction, macroporous resin separation and solvent treatment to prepare acidic components from S. chinensis, HPLC were applied for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Meanwhile, the influence of acidic components in swimming time, resistance to atmospheric oxygen, weight of immune organs and influence of immune phagocytosis in mice were observed. Result: The acidic components were mainly consisted of citric acid, quinic acid and other organic acids, the total amount of two acids were reached 55.8%. Low dose (5 g·kg-1)sour substance could significantly prolong the swimming time of mice (P<0.001) and the thymus index, spleen index compared with the control group enhance significantly in mice (P<0.05, P<0.01); high and low dose sour substance can be notably increase the mouse peritoneal macrophage phagocytic function to improve the phagocytic index and phagocytic coefficient K value of a value; especially, there was a significant difference between the low dose group and normal control group (P<0.001, P<0.01). Conclusion: Acidic componnets of S.e chinensis with anti-fatigue and immune enhancement effect better, is an important component of S. chinensis pharmacodynamic material bases.关键词：Schisandra chinensis;acidic components;anti-fatigue;immune enhancement
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Through the determination of the content of trace elements of three kinds of dodder and its processed products to discuss the potential medicinal value of different processed products. Method: The trace elements of dodder and its different processed products were determined by microwave digestion using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). Result: The content including K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn,Fe,Al and other trace elements in dodder and its different processed products was different,and K,Ca,Mg,Fe,P content in different processed products was high;the trace element additive volume in salt system dodder was higher than other processed products. Conclusion: Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) can determine the trace elements in dodder and its processed products,adjuvant material and the processing itself can not only change the element content,but play a synergistic curative effect with effective components. This experiment can provide scientific reference basis for in-depth studies of trace elements and efficacy of the immanent connection.关键词：inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry;dodder;processed products;trace elements
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To assay the volatile constituents of Origanum vulgaer. Method: The volatiles were analyzed by head-space solid micro-extraction,coupled with GC-MS and Kovats index. Result: There were 30 different kinds of volatile constituents in O. vulgaer,99.59% of the total essential constituents. The contents of thymol (43.28%),methyl thymol ether (11.79%),caryophyllene (11.17%),2-isopropyltoluene (8.10%) and γ-terpinene (6.37%) were higher. Conclusion: The major volatile constituents of O. vulgaer were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenoids.关键词：Origanum vulgaer L.;volatile constituents;SPME;GC-MS
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a quantitative analysis method of multi-component with a single-maker (QAMS) for the four components rapid qualitative and quantitative detection in Liuweidihuang(LWDH)preparations for its quantitative evaluation. Method: A rapid HPLC method was developed to measure the content of morroniside,loganin,paeoniflorin,paeonol in LWDH preparations within 12 min with a superficially porous particle column. And a QAMS method was established by choosing paeonol as internal standard to simultaneously determine the other three components. The relative correlation factors (RCFs) were tested by four batch preparations in different HPLC systems. The identification of the method was based on eleven batch preparations from different manufacturers to evaluate the practical applicability of this QAMS method in quality evaluation of LWDH. Result: The results of the external standard method and QAMS method did not show significant differences(P>0.05). Conclusion: The QAMS method based on HPLC was established,which can be used for rapid and accurate quantitative evaluation of LWDH preparations.关键词：QAMS;relative correction factor;superficially porous particle stationary phase;Liuwei Dihuang preparations;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a method for determining content of total salvianolic acids in the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza alba(Baihua Danshen)and its extraction. Method: Based on the consistency of the characteristic adsorption bands in the visible absorption spectum between reference substance and sample solution of Baihua Danshen,salvianolic acid B,tanshion sodium and protocatechuic aldehyde were compared using NaNO2-Al(NO3)3 colorimetric method.The best color conditions,which regarded the dosage of color developing agent and placing time in the dark after adding color developing agent as observation factors,were optimized and its methodology was investigated. Result: Salvianolic acid B was selected as the reference substance. The optimized color condition was as follows:precisely add 2.5 mL 1% NaNO2 and place in the dark for 10 min,then accurately add 20%Al (NO3)3 0.25 mL and place in the dark for 10 min,and lastly,precisely add 1 mol·L-1 NaOH 4 mL and place in the dark for 15 min.The linear range was 0.028-0.309 mg(r=0.999 9) and the average recovery was 96.29% and 99.53% for Baihua Danshen and its extraction respectively. The content of total salvianolic acids in five batches of Baihua Danshen was ranged from 5.65% to 6.19% and in the extrations was ranged from 61.03% to 61.96%. Conclusion: The NaNO2-Al(NO3)3 color imetric method for determining content of total salvianolic acids in Baihua Danshen and its extrationis established.关键词：Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge f. alba Radix et Rhizoma;extraction;total salvianolic acids;content;NaNO2-Al(NO3)3 colorimetric method
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the change of content of berberine,palmatine,baicalin,baicalein, wogonin of and Scutellaria Radix couples among different compatibilities of medicinal materials in Xiexin decoction Coptis Rhizome and and Gegen Qinlian decoction. Method: By HPLC,mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.01 mol·L-1 ammonium formate (contain 0.2% triethylamine and adjusted pH to 4.00 with formic acid) in gradient elution. Result: The content of berberine,palmatine of Coptis Rhizome was decreased by Scutellaria Radix,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma among different medicinal materials. The content of berberine,palmatine was increased by Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The content of flavonoids of Scutellaria Radix was reduced by Coptis Rhizome. It was insignificant to the difference on the content of baicalin caused by Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma which decreased the content of baicalein,wogonin. The content of baicalin was reduced by Puerariae Lobatae Radix which caused the increase of content of baicalein and wogonin. Conclusion: Five effective components were influenced by different compatibilities of medicinal materials in Xiexin decoction and Gegen Qinlian decoction.关键词：Xiexin decoction;Gegen Qinlian decoction;compatibility;Coptis Rhizome;Scutellaria Radix
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical constituents of organic acid in the stems and leaves of Alpinia oxyphylla. Method: The stems and leaves of A. oxyphylla were extracted with 95% ethanol and then extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butyl alcohol respectively, the chemical constituents were isolated by using various column chromatorgaphies from petroleum ether and chloroform parts, and their structures were elucidated on basis of physicochemical constants and spectral data analysis. Result: Ten organic acid compounds were obtained and determined to be p-hydroxycinnamic acid (1), vanillic acid (2), protocatechuic acid (3), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), myristic acid (5), palmitic acid (6), (-sitosterol palmitate (7), arachidic acid (8), docosanoic acid (9), octacosanoic acid (10). Conclusion: Compounds 1-10 were obtained from the parts of stems and leaves of A. oxyphylla for the first time.关键词：stems and leaves of Alpinia oxyphylla;organic acid;structure elucidation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the chemical compositions of the Trillium tschonoskii. Method: The compounds were isolated and purified from the plant with chromatography techniques and the structures were identified onthe basis of spectral analyses and physicochemical properties. Result: Ten compounds were isolated from T. tschonoskii and their structures were identified as pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), pennogenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3),stigmasterol (4),β-sitosterol(5),daucosterol(6), astragalin(7), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-６'-hexacosanoate(8), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9),ursolic acid(10). Conclusion: Compounds 4, 8, 9,10 were isolated from Trillium for the first time.关键词：Trillium tschonoskii;chemical constituents;structural identification
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare differences of the content of galuteolin between different varieties of Lonicerae japonicae Flos and L. Japonicae Folium. Method: The separation was performed on a Diamonsil-C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm), acetonitrile-0.5% acetic acid was used as the mobile phase with gradient elution, the flowrate was 1.0 mL·min-1, column temperature was 35 ℃, the detection wavelength was at 350 nm. Result: The linear range (n=6)was 0.015 625-0.5 g·L-1 (R2=1) respectively. The averagerecoveries of galuteolin was 96.88% respectively. Conclusion: The content of galuteolin in from 1 to 10 sample is between 0.08% and 0.22%,which is higher than 0.050% of requirement of ChP.The content of galuteolin in ya te improved variety L. japonicae Flos (introduced from Italy)and jiu feng yi hao is higher than others samples. The content of galuteolin in L. japonica var.chinensis is 0.11%,which meets the medicinal requirements. The content of galuteolin in L. japonicae Folium is between 0.75% and 0.76%,which is apparently higher than it in L. japonicae Flos.关键词：Lonicerae Japonicae Flos;L. japonicae Folium;Lonicera japonica var.chinensis;galuteolin;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Applying HPLC method to study on the determination of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 and Rd in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma cream,and to investigate the ability of percutaneous penetration of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma cream. Method: Optimizing the gradient elution conditions and detecting condition. Improved Franz type diffusion cells were used in vitro permeation studies,and nude mouse skin were employed as transdermal barrier.The concentration of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 and Rd in the receptor solution was determined by HPLC to investigate the cumulative permeation quantities at different time respectively. Result: A method for simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1 and Rd by HPLC was established. The percutaneous penetration of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma cream conformed to the zero kinetic equation. Conclusion: This method provides the basis for quality control and clinical application of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma cream.关键词：HPLC method;Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma cream;percutaneous absorption
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The contents of Na, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, K, Mn, Cr, Ni and Cd in Lavandula angustifolia from Xinjiang of different regions were determined in order to provide the new scientific evidences for the further studies and comprehensive utilization of L. angustifolia. Method: The contents of 10 inorganic elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with microwave digestion. And the standard addition recovery experiment was done. Result: The results of recovery experiment show that the atomic absorption spectrometry is a quick and easy method for determining;the correlation coefficient of each standard curve was between 0.999 0 and 0.999 9 with good linear relationship;the relative standard deviation (RSD) of each result is less than 5.14%, the recovery rate of each sample was between 94.0% and 105.0%, and the determination results are correct and reliable. The results show that the beneficia1 elements are richer in the L. angustifolia of Xinjiang. Conclusion: This method was simple, quick and accurate.关键词：microwave digestion;atomic absorption spectroscopy;Lavandula angustifolia;trace elements
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate pharmacokinetic characteristic of capsaicin submicron emulsion in rabbits. Method: HPLC was established to determine the concentration of capsaicin in rabbit plasma with mobile phase of methanol-water-phosphoric acid(68：32：0.1) and detection wavelength at 281 nm.compartment models were analyzed by DASTM ver1.0 software after rabbit ear vein administration of capsaicin submicron emulsion and its aqueous,then calculated pharmacokinetic parameters. Result: Linear correlation was satisfactory when the concentration of capsaicin in rabbit plasma was 0.500-100 mg·L-1(r=0.999 7),extraction recovery was 96.10%-105.48%.Pharmacokinetics curve was both corresponded to two-compartment model after intravenous injection of capsaicin submicron emulsion and its aqueous,elimination half-life were (48.501 3±4.011 9) and (15.262 5±1.888 2) min,area under curve were (924.09±149.80) and (555.36±57.46) mg·min·L-1. Conclusion: Established HPLC was accurate,sensitive and satisfied with concentration determination of capsaicin in rabbit plasma.Compared with capsaicin solution,prolongation of elimination half-life and elevation of biological availability were all obtained after capsaicin was emulsified with submicron emulsion.关键词：capsaicin;submicron emulsion;HPLC;half-life;pharmacokinetic evaluation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde in rats after iv administration of Danhong injection. Method: After iv administration of Danhong injection to rats at a dose of 10 mL·kg-1(containing 1.472 9 g·L-1 danshensu and 0.229 0 g·L-1 protocatechuic aldehyde),plasma concentrations of danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde were determined using developed UPLC method and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Result: The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:maximun concentration(Cmax) were (73.73±11.46), (4.60±3.39) mg·L-1;half-time(t1/2) were (0.88±0.20), (1.13±0.61) h;area under concentration-time cure(AUC0-t) were (30.19±5.12), (2.15±1.56) mg·L-1·h. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic processes of danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde were fitted to two-compartment models.关键词：Danhong injection;danshensu;protocatechuic aldehyde;pharmacokinetics
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the influence of component compatibility changes on antipyretic effect of Maxin Shigan decoction. Method: The uniform design of experiments with mixtures (UDM) was used,Ephedrae Herba,Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata Cum Melle and Gypsum Fibrosum were considered as 4 factors,12 different allocated proportions of Maxing Shigan decoction was designed.Rats were randomly divided in to 15 groups,including Maxin Shigan decoction group N1-N12,original group,normal group and model group. The fever model was established by injecting lippolysaccharide (LPS) through the tail vein. The temperature was recoreded once every 0.5 hour,and therml response index(TRI) was calculated. After 6 hours,the plasma concentrations of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) were detected. The regression analysis was used for data analysis. Result: Compared with the model group,the compatibility group could inhibit the fever induced by LPS,which showed a significant significance (P<0.01);the decrease of PGE2 levels in plasma and temperature reaction index were found with different degrees. The results of regression analysis showed that the influence of four factors on the TRI was Gypsum Fibrosum >Ephedrae Herba >the interaction of Armeniacae Semen Amarum and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata Cum Melle. Conclusion: The results showed that the influence of Gypsum Fibrosum on the antipyretic effect of Maxin Shigan decoction was most important. The optimal proportion was Ephedrae Herba 0.6 g,Amarum Semen Armeniacae and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata Cum Melle 7.5 g,Gypsum Fibrosum 26.4 g.关键词：Maxin Shigan decoction;compatibility of medicines;Gypsum Fibrosum;antipyretic effect
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the different effects of fresh Rehmannia Radix and its processed products on the blood of fevered and bleeding rats. Method: The rat blood heating and bleeding model were established by giving dose of 15 g·kg-1 decoction of Ginger combined with 5% ethanol for 15 days. After modeling,eighty SD male rats were randomly divided into model compared group,Yunnan Baiyao group,the Fresh Rehmanniae Radix group,the juice of Rehmanniae Radix group,the powder of Rehmanniae Radix group,the granule and decoction pieces of Rehmanniae Radix group. Every group was given corresponding drugs for 15 days.The dose was 0.66,9,9,2,9,2 g·kg-1.The following indexes were observed like appetite,amount of drinking water,water content of waste hemorheological parameters and the degree of bleeding about tongue,stomach and lung. By detect its blood and plasma viscosity,prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and fibrinogen(FIB) to compare the effects of fresh Rehmannia Root and its processed products on the blood system. Result: The model group significantly elevated rectal temperature and the amount of drinking water,decreased the appetite,lost of weight,significantly reduced the content of fecal water(P<0.05,P<0.01),increased high blood viscosity,middle blood viscosity,low blood viscosity and blood plasma viscosity(P<0.05,P<0.01),significantly prolonged PT, APTT, TT(P<0.05,P<0.01),significantly increased FIB(P<0.01).After being given with corresponding drugs,the series of heated symptoms of rats were obviously relieved,blood viscosity,blood plasma viscosity,PT,TT,APTT and FIB gradually go to normal level. By observed the pathological tissue,unprocessed and processed fresh R. glutinosa can improve the injured lung and stomach of blood of fevered and bleeding rats. Conclusion: fresh R. glutinosa and processed R. glutinosa can relieve blooding heating symptoms and bleeding in rats,and improve the abnormal hemorheological parameters and blood coagulation system.关键词：fresh Rrehmannia Radix;blood of fevered and bleeding;hemorheological parameters;blood coagulation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the anti-injury effect of Zhuanggu Yihao Fang on osteoarthritis (OA). Method: The OA rat model was induced by sustained releasing agent (4% Papain and poloxamer).0.05 mL of the sustained releasing agent (4% Papain and poloxamer) was injected into both knee joint compartments of male SD rats to injury cartilage for a period of 2 h at 50 ℃. Besides normal group,the rats with osteoarthritis were randomly divided into 6 groups:model group (isovolumic distilled water),glucosamine group (0.03 g·kg-1),Zhuanggu Guanjie pill(1.10 g·kg-1) group and Zhuanggu Yihao Fang (2.20,1.10,0.55 g·kg-1) groups. The rats with osteoarthritis received daily oral treatments of drugs for 8 weeks. The normal group and the model group received daily oral treatments of isovolumic distilled water for 8 weeks. The contents of matrix metalloproteinases-3(MMP-3) and tissue inhibitar of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1) in synovial fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The changes in cartilages were evaluated by histopathology and morphometry. Result: MMP-3/TIMP-1 level in normal group was 0.062±0.011,compared with the normal group,MMP-3/TIMP-1 level in the model group was significantly increased to 0.092±0.010(P<0.05).After 8 weeks' treatment,the MMP-3/TIMP-1 level in Zhuanggu Yihao Fang (2.20,1.10,0.55 g·kg-1) groups was 0.060±0.016,0.060±0.028,0.057±0.027,respectively. Compared with the model group,Zhuanggu Yihao Fang (2.20,1.10,0.55 g·kg-1)treatments significantly reduced the MMP-3/TIMP-1 level (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the normal group,the area of cartilage necrosis in the model group was significantly increased to (37 734±11 504) μm2 (P<0.01),Zhuanggu Yihao Fang (2.20,1.10 g·kg-1)treatments significantly reduced the areas of cartilage necrosis in OA rats,which was (26 601±6 506),(27 061±10 425) μm2,respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Zhuanggu Yihao Fang can protect the cartilage from injury and attenuate the progression of OA.关键词：Zhuanggu Yihao Fang;osteoarthritis;anti-injury effect
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study effect of selenium(Se) yeast(Astragalus membranaceus fermentation product) on diabetes rats with immune-suppression. Method: Eighty SD rats, 10 to the normal control group,70 rats to establish experimental immune-suppression and diabetic rat model and watch Se yeast on the effects of streptozotocin diabetes and cyclophosphamide immunocompromised rat.The successful model of the animal were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10 each group): diabetic model with immune-suppression group, oxytetracycline tablets control group (0.1 g·kg-1), yeast solution group (0.5 g·kg-1), A.membranaceus extract group (5 g·kg-1), Se yeast group (0.5 g·kg-1). Each group fixed feed, free drinking water. Four weeks after the last to give the corresponding drug, abdominal aortic blood, separation of serum, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood, immunoglobulin (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), insulin (INS) level, and pancreatic histological observation and insulin like growth factor (IGF) were detected. Result: In the model group, FBG were significant difference to normal group FBG (P<0.01), model group INS, WBC, IgG, IL-2 were statistically significant difference to normal group corresponding index (P<0.05). Se yeast group FBG, INS, WBC, IgG, IL-2 have statistical difference to the corresponding index in the model group (P<0.05). Se yeast group with compared other indicators have also improved with the model group. Conclusion: Se yeast can reduce FBG and increase the level of INS, also can enhance the WBC, IgG, IL-2 and other immune parameters, Se yeast can make the immunity of animal models of diabetes mellitus reduce blood sugar, enhance immunity. Extracted from the dregs of decoction of trace elements is a good way to use the development of a drug by fermentation technology.关键词：selenium yeast;diabetes;immune-suppressin;Astragalus membranaceum;fermentations
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the role of Rho/Rock signal transduction pathway in the myocardial fibrosis(MF)in chronic phase viral myocarditis mice,and to study the therapeutic mechanism of Sanshen decoction(SD). Method: Hundred and twenty BALB/c rats were inoculated ip with diluted coxsackievirus B3(CVB3) EMEM solution fortnightly interval to establish the model of viral myocarditis(VMC) with MF. The survival model mice were randomized into 5 groups:model group,captopril group,high-,middle-and low-dosage SD groups. All the ras were treated by infusing the stomach with the medicine.The therapeutic dose of SD groups was respectively 3,2,1 g·kg-1,and the captopril group was 45 mg·kg-1,the model group and normal group were given the equivalence saline by gavage.Then N-terminal procollagen Ⅰ propeptide(PⅠNP) and N-terminal procollagen Ⅲ propeptide(PⅢNP) were detected by the means of enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA),and the gene expression of Rock1 was detected by RT-PCR,and the content of angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ) in serum by radioimmunoassay. Result: SD could decrease PⅠNP and PⅢNP obviously(P<0.05),compared with the normal group. The expression levels of Rho/Rock signal pathway were higher than normal group(P<0.05)in the chronic phase of VMC. The contents of Ang Ⅱ in serum in model group were higher than the normal group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The activation of Rho/Rock signal transduction pathway is one of the mechanism of the CFBs proliferation and collagen synthesis stimulated by Ang Ⅱ in myocardial fibrosis of VMC. Sanshen decoction can inhibit the restrain myocardial fibrosis by blocking the signal pathway.关键词：Sanshen decoction;myocardial fibrosis;signal transduction pathway;Rho/Rock
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the compatibility of Huangqi Gegen decoction root have impact on blood glucose, blood lipid and interleukin-12(IL-12),interleukin-15(IL-15) in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM),and regulate the interaction between diabetes processes. Method: Sixty-six SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, normal group, model group (A1B1), positive control group, Astragali Radix group (A2B1), Puerariaelobatae Radix group (A1B2),Huangqi Gegen decoction group (A2B2),11 each group. In addition to the normal group and positive control group,the rest of the group were induced by Streptozotocin(STZ,46 mg·kg-1) made after the model according to the 2×2 factorial design experiment scheme. Positive control group by 1.47 g·kg-1 dose gavage, Astragali Radix group, Puerariaelobatae Radix group,Huangqi Gegen decoction group were 2.7 g·kg-1, 1.35 g·kg-1,4.05 g·kg-1 dose ig 30 days.Blood lipid and the levels of IL-12 and IL-15 in liver of rats indicators, etc.Were detected related index to calculate the weighted composite score of comprehensive index using the factorial design analysis of variance method study astragalus and kudzu root main effect and interaction effect. Result: Compared with normal group, blood glucose,serum cholesterol, triglyceride, IL-12, IL-15 in liver of diabetes rats were increased significantly(P<0.05).Astragali Radix, Puerariaelobatae Radix and Huangqi Gegen decoction effectively reduce blood glucose, serum cholesterol, triglyceride(in addition to Huangqi Gegen decoctio), IL-12 and IL-15(P<0.05). Conclusion: Puerariaelobatae Radix lowering blood sugar is good, no interaction with Astragali Radix, Huangqi Gegen decoction additive effect in terms of lowered blood sugar drug compatibility is not presented; comprehensive regulation in liver tissue cholesterol, triglyceride, concentration of IL-12 and IL-15, Astragali Radix and Puerariaelobatae Radix compatibility of the two drugs in combination is superior to single herbs.关键词：factorial design;Astragali Radix;Puerariaelobatae Radix;diabetes mellitus;IL-12;IL-15;interaction relationship
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qili Xiaoying decoction on NOD.H-2h4 mice with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in view of CD4+T cell subsets. Method: Sixty SPF NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly divided into four groups,the normal control group(NC),the model control group(MC),the Qili Xiaoying decoction group(ZY1,20.8 g·kg-1) and the 3 times dose of Qili Xiaoying decoction group(ZY3,62.4 g·kg-1).The NC group received sterile water,and the others were administrated with 0.05% NaI for 8 weeks to induce AIT. All mice were sacrificed at the time point of giving treatment factors for 8 weeks.The serum triiodothyronine(TT3) and thyroxine(TT4) were detected by RIA method,the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) by IRMA. Thyrocyte morphology was observed under optical microscopy. Immunohistochemistry staining was conducted to analyze the expression of INF-γ and IL-4.The expression of INF-γ mRNA and IL-4 mRNA in NOD.H-2h4 mice thyroid was detected by Real-time (RT ) -PCR,and the Foxp3 expressions in the NOD.H-2h4 mice thyroid were determined by Western blot. Result: ① No apparent differences among every group in serum TT3,TT4 and TSH were found.②Lymphocytic infiltration could be found by HE staining,AIT occurrence rate of MC was obviously higher than the NC(P<0.01).③ Compared with the NC group,expression of INF-γ mRNA,IL-4 mRNA and protein in the MC decreased markedly(P<0.01);compared to the MC,the protein expression of INF-γ and IL-4 both in ZY1 and ZY3 were increased (respectively P<0.01,P<0.05). The expression of INF-γ mRNA and IL-4 mRNA in ZY1 and ZY3 were also increased remarkably(P<0.01).④ The protein expressions of Foxp3 in the MC declined markedly compared with the NC (P<0.01); the Foxp3 expression in ZY1 and ZY3 ascended remarkably compared with the MC(P<0.01). Conclusion: The therapeutic mechanism of Qili Xiaoying decoction on NOD.H-2h4 with AIT may be related to influencing the cell subsets of Th1,Th2,Treg by up-regulating the expression of INF-γ,IL-4 and Foxp3.关键词：Qili Xiaoying decoction;NOD.H-2h4 mice;AIT;INF-γ;IL-4;Foxp3
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the antipryretic effects and its possible mechanism of total arganic acid of Thladiantha dubia fruit (TOATDF). Method: The rat fever model was established by injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of 100 μg·kg-1 and then the model rats were randomly divided into five groups:TOATDF 300,150,75 mg·kg-1 groups,Asprin 150 mg·kg-1 group(positive control),and model control group,at the same time,normal rats as the control group. All groups were ig given the same volume drugs or saline. After treatment temperature was measured once each hour for 6 times. The levels of prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in serum and PGE2 in cerebrospinal fluid were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA). Result: At each time point,the average temperature in TOATD 300, 150 mg·kg-1groups was lower than that in the model control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),in TOATDF 75 mg·kg-1group and asprin group,the average temperature was lower than that in the model control group 2-5 h and 1-5 h after treatment,respectively. The expression levels of PGE2,TNF-α and IL-β in serum and PGE2 in cerebrospinal fluid were significantly lower than that of model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01),but higher than that of normal control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: TOATDF has significant antipyretic effect on LPS-induced febris response in rats and in a dose-dependent manner. Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting expression of PGE2,TNF-α and IL-β in serum and PGE2 in cerebrospinal fluid.关键词：Thladiantha dubia fruit;Total Organic acid;lipopolysaccharides;antipyretic;PGE2;TNF-α;IL-β
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the influence and possible mechanism of Maixuekang capsule on lipid metabolism and expression of lectin like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1(LOX-1) in early atherosclerosis rats. Method: Thirty-two healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,high and low dose groups(1.5, 0.3 g·kg-1·d-1) of Maixuekang capsule. Model control group and Maixuekang capsule groups were intraperitoneally injected by 6×105 unit vitamin D3,and corresponding medicines were ig administrated every day on the basis of high-fat diet for 10 successive weeks. Levels of blood lipid profile,homocysteine(HCY),catalase(CAT) were observed. The expression of oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) in serum and LOX-1 in aortic wall were detected by ELISA. The pathology of thoracic aortas were observed. Result: In model control,the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HCY were increased than normal control (P<0.05 or P<0.01),HDL-C and CAT were decreased(P<0.01). The expression of ox-LDL and LOX-1 was significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in model control(34.17±13.4), (1.58±0.08) μg·L-1than the normal control(20.37± 2.5),(1.44±0.08)μg·L-1. Maixuekang capsule decreased the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HCY and increased the levels of HDL-C and CAT (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the expression of ox-LDL(28.92±4.5),(21.81±3.9) μg·L-1and LOX-1(1.45±0.07),(1.39±0.09)μg·L-1 was attenuated in all the treatment groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In model control,intima-media thickness,elastic fiber proliferation and disordered arrangement of smooth muscle cells were found in thoracic aortas by paraffin section and Hematoxylin staining.By contrast,intima-media thickness were not obvious,elastic fiber was mild wided and arrangement of smooth muscle cells in Maixuekang capsule group. Conclusion: The Maixuekang capsule can protect vascular endothelial cell and inhibit atherosclerosis by modulating the lipid metabolism,reducing the oxidative damage,and down-regulating the expression of ox-LDL and LOX-1.关键词：Maixuekang capsule;early atherosclerosis mode;catalase;homocysteine;LOX-1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of four Chinese herbs belong to lung include Ephedra Herba,Zingiberis Rhizoma,Scutellaria Radix and Mori Cortex in mice with lung heat syndrome and to reveal the mechanism preliminarily. Method: Hundred KM mice were randomly divided into ten groups:normal control group,model group,Ephedra Herba,Zingiberis Rhizoma,Scutellaria Radix and Mori Cortex group(20,10 g·kg-1),10 mice in each group. The four Chinese herbs were administered once a day for seven days,Streptococcus pneumoniae by nose dropping was used to establish lung heat syndrome model at the four,five and six day. The morphological changes of lung tissue were observed,the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA),the expressions of TNF-α,interleukin(IL)-1β proteins in lung tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining. Result: Compared with normal control group,the pathological changes of lung tissue in model group was obvious(P<0.001),the concentrations of TNF-α in the serum were higher(P<0.01),the expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β proteins in lung tissue were higher(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the pathological changes of lung tissue obviously improved (P<0.01 or P<0.05) in Ephedra Herba low dose group,Zingiberis Rhizoma high and low dose groups,Scutellaria Radix high dose group.The concentrations of TNF-α in the serum were decreased,except Zingiberis Rhizoma high dose group and Scutellaria Radix low dose group(P<0.01, P<0.05).The expressions of TNF-α proteins in lung tissue were decreased,except Zingiberis Rhizoma low dose group,Mori Cortex high dose group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The expressions of IL-1β in lung tissue was decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05)except Ephedra Herba low dose group and Mori Cortex low dose group. Conclusion: Ephedra Herba,Zingiberis Rhizoma,Scutellaria Radix and Mori Cortex can intervene lung heat syndrome,inhibit the expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β inflammatory factor,which may be the main pathwayof reducing lung heat syndrome of lung tissue injury in mice.关键词：Ephedra Herbar;Zingiberis Rhizoma;Scutellaria Radix;Mori Cortex;lung;inflammation;TNF-α;IL-1β
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the role of immunoglobin E(IgE) and interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-17(IL-17) in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis(AR),and the regulative effect of Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction on the above 3 cytokines. Method: AR guinea pig model was established by intraperitoneal injection and intranasal way with ovalbumin (OVA),and modeling cycle is 21 days. Sixty guinea pigs were randomized into 6 groups:normal control group,AR group,high-dosage,middle-dosage,low-dosage Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction group(42,21,10.5 g·kg-1),and loratadine group(1.34 mg·kg-1). Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test was performed in all guinea pigs. Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction and loratadine were applied to intervene AR guinea pig. The serum levels of IgE and IL-6,IL-17 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA) method. Result: The expression levels of IgE and IL-6,IL-17 significantly increased compared with the normal group(P<0.01). Compared with that in AR model group,the serum level of IgE in high-dosage Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction group significantly was decreased(P<0.01),the levels of IL-6,IL-17 were decreased(P<0.05);the levels of IgE and IL-6,IL-17 in equivalent-dosage Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction group significantly were decreased(P<0.01);the level of IgE in low-dosage Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction group decreased(P<0.05),the levels of IL-6,IL-17 have no obvious changes;the level of IgE in loratadine group decreased(P<0.05),and the levels of IL-6,IL-17 significantly decreased(P<0.01). Conclusion: Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction down-regulate serum level of IgE through decreasing the levels of IL-6 and IL-17,and there is a positive correlation between them,suggesting that IL-6 and IL-17 are important factors in the mechanism of AR.关键词：Xiaofeng Xuanqiao decoction;allergic rhinitis;IgE;IL-6;IL-17
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate pathological changes of the cartilage and concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β),matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and blood tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) by Bushen Huoxue formulae in treating rabbit knee osteoarthritis model copied by Hulth surgery. Method: Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided control group with 6 rabbits,and model group are forty-two rabbits. The osteoarthritis model was established by Hulth surgery,among them 6 animals were randomly killed after modeling 4 weeks for microscope observation,and the remaining 36 rabbits were randomly divided into treatment group and model group,treatment group was given 15 g·kg-1 Bushen Huoxue,the model group was given the same dose of saline. After 4,6,8 weeks,6 animals were killed in each groups respectively to collect the medial femoral condyle to observe chondrocytes morphology by HE staining,meanwhile,the concentrations of IL-1β,MMP-2,TNF-α were assayed. Result: Compared with the normal group, in model group, concentration of IL-1β was significantly higher at 4,6,8 weeks (P<0.01); the concentration of MMP-2 and TNF-α was significantly higher in the 4th and 6th weeks(P<0.01). Compared with the model group,the Mankin's score in treatment group was much significantly lower(P<0.001) in 8 week. the serum concentration of IL-1β significantly was lower (P<0.05) in 8 week,the concentration of MMP-2 in joint fluid was significantly lower (P<0.01) in 6 week,the serum concentrations of TNF-α was significantly lower (P<0.05) in 6 week. Conclusion: Bushen Huoxue treatment can reduce the concentrations of IL-1β,MMP-2 and TNF-α,it can change the form of cartilage tissue so as to protect the articular cartilage in arthritis.关键词：Bushen Huoxue formulae;knee osteoarthritis;inflammatory cytokines
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigatewhether Yulangsan Polysaccharide (YLSP) affects the anti-Duck Hepatitis B Virus (anti-DHBV) in brown duck. Method: Sixty one-day-old ducks were selected. After 13 days,positive ducks infected 0.2 mL serums of DHBV DNA were detected by PCR,and were randomly divided into five groups:YLSP high-,middle-,low-dose groups(5,2.5,1.25 g·kg-1),aciclovir(ACV) group(0.1 mg·kg-1) and model group with 10 brown ducksin every group. The serums were respectively collected before administration,7 and 14 days after administration and 3 day after withdrawal. The DHBV DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative(FQ)-PCR assay. The extent of liver injury was observed by HE staining. Result: Compared with model group,the serum content of DHBV DNA in ACV group and YLSP 5,2.5, 1.25 g·kg-1 groups was significantly decreased. The content of DHBV DNA in ACV group,middle-does group and low-dose groups showed a rebound phenomenon after withdrawal. The results indicatedthat YLSP had significant protective effects against the injury of ducks' liver. Conclusion: YLSP not only has an inhibited effect to DHBV,but also has a protective effect on injury of liver.关键词：Yulangsan polysaccharide;DHBV;FQ-PCR
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyse the origin of peaks in Kaixinsan(KXS) extracted by 60% ethano(KXS-60% E)l and the constituents in rat plasma after oral administration of KXS-60% E. Method: A UPLC-TOF-MS method for analyzing the constituents in KXS-60% E and in rat plasma after oral administration of KXS-60% E,has been established.The origin of peaks in KXS-60% E were pointed out compared with each single herb in the formula similarly, the origin of peaks in treated serum after oral KXS-60% E were identified by contrasting the control rat serum. Result: Ninty-four compounds were detected in KXS-60% E in vitro,by compare with control rat plasma,41 peaks were pointed out in treated plasma.Concluding 28 original form in KXS-60% E and 13 metabolites. Conclusion: The constituents absorbed into blood and their metabolites of KXS-60% E were the direct basis of action of the drug,further study on these constituents may clarify the mechanism of KXS prevention and treatment on Alzhemer's disease.关键词：kaixinsan extracted by 60% ethano;UPLC-TOF-MS;Alzhemer’disease
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Zisheng Jianpi recipe in treating child anorexia (CD) by means of observing its influence on immunoglobulin,hemoglobin content,trace elements. Method: Forty cases of CD were treated with Zisheng Jianpi recipe,30 days for one therapeutic course. Content of hemoglobin,immunoglobulin(IgA,IgG,IgM,C3,C4)and trace elements(Zn,Se,Fe,Cu,Mg)were determined Respectively before and after treatment. Result: After two therapeutic courses,the total-clinical effective rate was 92.5%,IgA and IgG,C3,Hb,Zn,Se,Fe were improved significantly compared with before treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion: Zisheng Jianpi recipe is effective in treating CD and can improve anemia status,enhance improve the children's immune function.关键词：Zisheng Jianpi recipe;child anorexia;hemoglobin;trace elements;immune function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The purpose is to observe the influence of Guizhi Fuling pill and Shenmai san and subtract treatment to chemoradiotherapy after surgery on cervical cancer on recent curative effect,toxic and side effect and immunologic function. Method: Seventy-five cases of patients with cervical cancer chemoradiotherapy treatment were divided into control group (36 cases) and observation group (39 cases). For patients in control group,they took concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Adopt taxol(TAX) and cis-platinum(DDP) as chemotherapy regimens.Based on control group,patients in observation group took Guizhi Fuling pill and Shenmai san add and subtract treatment,1 does/day with conventional water.Both treatments were 12 weeks.During chemoradiotherapy time,two groups were given corresponding support therapy.Observe the tumor size and record toxic reaction by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Processing kamofsky performance status(KPS) score and detecting peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+),serum immunoglobulin(IgG,IgA,IgM) before and after treatment.Supervise the level of polymorphonuclear neutrophil(N) and hemoglobin(Hb). Result: The total effective rate of the observation group on solid tumor was 97.43%,the control group was 86.11%,showing no statistically significant among the two groups,after treatment,the grade of KPS (increasing+stable) of the observation group was 82.05%,superior to 58.33% of the control group(P<0.05),CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ declining curve,CD8+ was on the increase,CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ of the observation group were higher than the control group,CD8+ was lower than the control group(P<0.05), there were no obvious changes on IgG and IgA of the control group,IgM declined when compared with that before the treatment,the levels of IgG and IgM of the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.01). after radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the levels of peripheral blood neutrophils and hemoglobin declined among the both of two groups,and at 4,8 and 12 weeks,the levels of peripheral blood neutrophils and hemoglobin declined of the observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.01), analyzed by Ridit,the reaction degree of irritation sign bladder of the observation group was lighter than the control group(P<0.05),besides,myelosuppression,cutaneous reaction and rectal distention stimulation reaction were also lighter than the control group. Conclusion: It can improve patients immune function when Guizhi Fuling pill which combined with Shenmai powder add and subtract treatments were used in concurrent chemoradiotherapy after the cervical cancer operation,and can reduce the side effect,improve the life quality of patients,which deserves promoting in the clinical.关键词：cervical cancer;Guizhi Fuling pill;Shenmai san;immunologic function;synergism and attenuation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the influence of ischemic stroke traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types differentiated from yin-syndrome and yang-syndrome and its efficacy system on treating symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis stenosis on prognosis. Method: Forty-six patients of symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis stenosis treated with ischemic stroke traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types differentiated from yin-syndrome and yang-syndrome and its efficacy system with medical treatment(observation group) and thirty-five patients of the same disease with only medical treatment (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. the rates of recurrent stroke and mortality of the two groups in the follow-ups were recorded. The haemodynamics results were evaluated by TCD(transcranial dopper) and mRS(modified rankin scale) were evaluated. Result: In the average periods of follow-ups,the rates of recurrent stroke were 6.52% in the observation group and 22.86% in the control group(P<0.05);the mortality rates were 4.35% in the observation group and 14.29% in the control group,which were statistically insignificant. The ratio of Vs(peak value of systole) before and after treatment was statistically significant (P<0.05) in the observation group,while the ratio in the control group was statistically insignificant. After the treatment,the ratio compared with the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ischemic stroke traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types differentiated from yin-syndrome and yang-syndrome and its efficacy system with medical treatment is proved to reduce the rate of recurrent ischemic stroke,change the brain blood speed and improve the neurological defects with regard to the patients suffered from symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis stenosis.关键词：symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis stenosis;yin-syndrome;yang-syndrome
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The discuss recent curative effect and mode of action based on routine comprehensive treatment of western medicine added Buxinqi oral liquid to treat chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD). Method: Eighty cases of patients with CPHD in acute stage were randomly divided into control group (40 cases) and observation group (40 cases) by the sequence in hospital method. The patients in control group took comprehensive intervention of western-style plan,including measures as anti-infection,reducing phlegm,relieving a cough,relieving asthma,diuresis,relieving heart failure et.For patients in observation group,they took Buxinqi oral liquid on the basis of the control group,10 mL/time,3 dose/day.The treatment courses of both groups continued for 4 weeks.Detect arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and oxygen partial pressure(PaO2) before and after treatment. Measure pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP) before and after treatment.Level of plasma endothelin-1(ET-1) and nitric oxide(NO) are tested before and after treatment.Detect hemodynamic indexes and record cardinal symptom,signs score before and after treatment. Result: Analyzing by Ridit,the clinical comprehensive treatment of observation group was superior to control group(P<0.05),after treatment,mPAP of observation group was lower than control group(P<0.01), PaO2 of observation group was superior to control group,and PaCO2 of observation group was was lower than control group(P<0.01).ET-1 of observation group was lower than control group and the level of NO of observation group was superior to control group(P<0.01), the main symptom and scores of symptoms and signs of observation group were lower than control group(P<0.01).The improvement of viscosity of whole blood,plasma viscosity,fibrinogen,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and such hemodynamic indexes of observation group was superior to control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: On the basis of routine comprehensive treatment of western medicine,using Buxinqi oral liquid can reduce clinical symptoms of patients with CPHD in acute stage.Besides improve patients' heart and lung function.Its mechanism of action may be associated with improving hypercoagulable state and vascular endothelial function.关键词：chronic pulmonary heart disease;acute attack;Buxinqi oral liquid;vascular endothelial function;hemorheology
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Observe the clinical effects and hypercoagulable state influence of small doses hormones and cyclosporine A to treat primary nephrotic syndrome with adjuvant therapy of Shenling decoction. Method: Eighty-five cases of patients with nephrotic syndrome were randomly divided into control group (42 cases) and observation group (43 cases) by the sequence of hospital.Both groups were treated with general symptomatic, supportive treatment.The patients in control group took small doses hormones and cyclosporine A.In observation group,patients added Shenling decoction by dialectical add and subtract treatment.Treatment courses for the two groups were six months.Detect urine protein quantitation of 24 hours,level of albumin(ALB),total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) before and after treatment.Test blood rheological index,level of serum thromboxane(TXB2) and 6-Ketone-prostaglandin F_(1a) (6-Keto-PGF_1a) in pretherapy and post-treatment.Monitor function of liver and kidney.Record untoward effect at the research process. Result: The comprehensive total effective rate of observation group was 100% superior to control group 83.3%. After treatment,urine protein quantitation of 24 hours,TC and TG of observation group were lower than control group(P<0.01),the level of ALB of observation group was superior to control group(P<0.01),the level of ALT and Cr of observation group were lower than control group(P<0.01). the improvements of blood viscosity(low shear,high shear),red cell assembling index,plasma viscosity,fibrinogen and whole blood reductive viscosity(low shear,high shear) of observation group were superior to control group(P<0.01). TXB2 of observation group was lower than control group(P<0.01),6-keto-PGF_1a of observation group was higher than control group(P<0.01). the occurrence rates of Cushing's syndrome,abnormality of hepatorenal function,infection and gastrointestinal reaction of observation group were lower than control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: It can improve the efficacy and reduce the toxicity when Shenling decoction with small doses hormones which combined with cyclosporin A used in primary nephrotic syndrome,and can adjust blood lipid metabolism of patients,promote blood circulation,improve the hypercoagulable state condition of patients.关键词：nephrotic syndrome;Shenling decoction;hemorheology;effect-increasing and toxicity-reducing;hypercoagulable state
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese for fresh fractures patients. Method: Such databases as VIP,CNKI,CBM,Wanfang Data,PuBMED and the Cochrane library were searched electronically from the date of thief establishment to December 31 2012,and other relevant journals were also searched manually.Two reviewers independently screened the studies in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted data and assessed methodology quality.Then the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1.4 software. Result: A total 30 RCT involving 3 451 patients were included,the results of meta-analysis showed that compared with control group,Chinese medicine internal and more can improve the efficient of fracture healing[OR=3.02,95%CI(1.59,5.74),P=0.000 8;OR=3.30,95%CI(1.86,5.87),P<0.000 1];Shorten the clinical healing time[MD=-15.15, 95%CI(-23.90,-6.41),P=0.000 7;MD=-14.33,95%CI(-16.41,-12.25),P<0.000 01];Improved clinical symptoms[MD=-0.80,95%CI(-1.12,-0.48),P<0.000 01]. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine internal can improve the clinical therapeutic effect,promote fracture healing.For quality of the included studies which decreases the level of evidence,so the conclusion of this Systematic review only provides some reference for clinical practice and research.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine internal;fracture;security;randomized controlled trial;metal-analysis;systematic review
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To assess the curative effect and safety of Shuxuening injection combined with Ozagrel Sodium Injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction(ACI) with Meta analysis method. Method: The randomized controlled clinical trials of Shuxuening injection combined with Ozagrel Sodium Injection for the treatment of ACI from 1989-2012 were searched by computer-based on line search,and the data was statistically analyzed by Review Manager 5.1.7. Result: The results showed that there were 19 literatures which incorporated by Meta-analysis and the criterion were homogenous,Fixed effect model statistics and analysis showed that the OR(95%CI)was 3.92(2.99-5.14).WMD(95%CI)was 1.06(-2.92-5.05). Conclusion: Meta analysis shows that Shuxuening injection combined with Ozagrel Sodium Injection is effective for ACI and it can improve the clinlcal symptom and neurologic impairment in the treatment of ACI without obvious ADR. However,more strict and multi-center randomized double-blinded clinical trailss are needed in order to provide more convinced evidence.关键词：Ozagrel Sodium;Shuxuening injection;acute cerebral infarction;Meta analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder to date. Pathological features include:neuronal loss,extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neuronal neurofibrillary tangles formed. The etiology of AD is complex,included aggregation of amyloid beta-peptide,oxidative stress,inflammatory process,abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein. Chinese medicine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease has a good effect,many experiments demonstrate the mechanism from many aspects,in this paper we summarize the animal and cell experiments in recent years,in order to be beneficial for future research.关键词：Alzheimer’s disease;inflammation;cytokines;oxidative stress;apoptosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：The micro-silica gel show a good prospect in new applications and new drug carriers for its unique microstructure.Initially,the micromeritic properties of micro-silica gel are summarized,the affecting factors of the micromeritic properties including preparation process,surface modification and drying process are analyzed.Then,mesoporous silica in a variety of structures and new applications of promoting disintegration,suspending,and strengthening absorption are reviewed in order to promote the application and development of the micro-silica gel in pharmaceutics.关键词：micro-silica gel;micromeritic properties;mesoporous silica;new applications
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) refers to the process by which cells transit from epithelial phenotype to mesenchymal phenotype. It plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of carcinomas,but lack of effective therapeutic drugs so far. Chinese material medica which is capable of inhibiting EMT in tumor with minimal adverse side effects, curative effects and multiple targets in an attractive resource library and has aroused more and more concern.The research is about the newest progress of effect and mechanism of Chinese herbal drug monomer and compound against cancer and summarizes the association between therapeutic principle of traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmacological mechanisms,in order to provide some references and clues to the drug development for EMT.关键词：Chinese herbal durg;tumor;epithelial-mesenchymal transition
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：The traditional Chinese prescriptions have the advantage of potential efficacy,fewer side effects and comprehensive effects and suitable for long term use,and have been widely used to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Classic recipe recorded in the ancient medical books have definitely efficacy,and can be added and subtracted according to overall analysis of the illness and the patient's condition. Empirical recipe are based on the physicians clinical experience,and also have own characteristics to adapt to special symptom of osteoporosis. The Chinese patent medicines with a fixed ingredients and preparation are often used alone,or combined with chemicals to prevent and treat osteoporosis. The aim of this review is to provide reference information for research and development of antiosteoporotic drug,and scientific basis for clinical application of TCM formulas in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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